Identification of MUC5B Mucin Gene in Human Middle Ear With Chronic Otitis Media

Mucins are important glycoproteins in the mucociliary transport system of the middle ear and Eustachian tube. Little is known about mucin expression within this system under physiological and pathological conditions. This study demonstrated the expression of MUC5B, MUC5AC, MUC4, and MUC1 in the human Eustachian tube, whereas only MUC5B mucin expression was demonstrated in noninflamed middle ears. MUC5B and MUC4 mucin genes were upregulated 4.2- and 6-fold, respectively, in middle ears with chronic otitis media (COM) or mucoid otitis media (MOM). This upregulation of mucin genes was accompanied by an increase of MUC5B- and MUC4-producing cells in the middle ear mucosa. Electron microscopy of the secretions from COM and MOM showed the presence of chainlike polymeric mucin. These data indicate that the epithelium of the middle ear and Eustachian tube expresses distinct mucin profiles and that MUC5B and MUC4 mucins are highly produced and secreted in the diseased middle ear. These mucins may form thick mucous effusion in the middle ear cavity and compromise the function of the middle ear.

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Prostaglandins and Otitis Media: Studies in the Chinchilla

Otolaryngology ◽

10.1177/019459988008800322 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 88 (3) ◽

pp. 316-323 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Timothy T.K. Jung ◽

Douglas M. Smith ◽

S.K. Juhn ◽

Jonathan M. Gerrard

Keyword(s):

Bone Resorption ◽

Otitis Media ◽

Middle Ear ◽

Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Chronic Otitis Media ◽

Active Role ◽

Middle Ear Mucosa ◽

Naturally Occurring ◽

Wide Range ◽

Human Middle Ear

Prostaglandins (PG) are naturally occurring, cyclic, unsaturated fatty acids that possess a wide range of potent biologic activities. Prostaglandins have been found in human middle ear effusions and may have implications for understanding the inflammation and, possibly, the bone resorption seen in chronic otitis media. In the study presented, PGs were measured by radioimmuno-assay in middle ear effusions from experimentally induced serous and purulent otitis media in chinchillas. The ability of chinchilla middle ear mucosa to synthesize PGs from 14C-arachidonic acid was also demonstrated. The authors suggest an active role for PGs in the inflammation and the bone resorption seen in otitis media.

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Activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in human middle ear cholesteatoma and chronic otitis media

Acta Oto-Laryngologica ◽

10.3109/00016489.2015.1093171 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 136 (2) ◽

pp. 136-140 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Shin Kariya ◽

Mitsuhiro Okano ◽

Pengfei Zhao ◽

Yuko Kataoka ◽

Junko Yoshinobu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Otitis Media ◽

Middle Ear ◽

Nlrp3 Inflammasome ◽

Chronic Otitis Media ◽

Middle Ear Cholesteatoma ◽

Human Middle Ear

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Comparison of the Aditus ad Antrum Diameter on CT between Patients with Chronic Otitis Media and Healthy Individuals

Current Medical Imaging Formerly Current Medical Imaging Reviews ◽

10.2174/1573405615666190327110216 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 15 (10) ◽

pp. 990-993 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Elif Gündoğdu ◽

Uğur Toprak

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Otitis Media ◽

Middle Ear ◽

Healthy Subjects ◽

Normal Values ◽

Chronic Otitis Media ◽

Healthy Individuals ◽

Inner Diameter ◽

Male Patients ◽

The Right

Background: The middle ear cavity is ventilated through the aditus ad antrum. Aditus blockage contributes to the pathology of otitis media. Objective: To determine the normal values of the aditus ad antrum diameter on computed tomography and to investigate its relationship with chronic otitis media and related pathologies (tympanosclerosis and myringosclerosis). Methods: The temporal CT images of 162 individuals were evaluated retrospectively. In the axial sections, the inner diameter of the aditus was measured at the narrowest point at the cortex. The differences in diameter were compared between diseased and healthy ears. Results: In healthy individuals, the diameter was narrower in women. There was no difference between the right and left ears in healthy subjects. No correlation was found between age and diameter. In male patients with myringosclerosis, the diameter was slightly narrower on both sides but more marked on the left. In female patients with myringosclerosis, the diameter in both ears was slightly narrower. In cases of otitis media and tympanosclerosis, the diameter was less than that of healthy individuals, despite the lack of statistically significant result in all cases. Conclusion: The aditus ad antrum was narrower in diseased ears, indicating that a blocked aditus may contribute to the development of otitis media, as well as mucosal diseases.

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Tissue Concentrations of Enoxacin in the Middle Ear of Patients with Chronic Otitis Media.

Practica Oto-Rhino-Laryngologica ◽

10.5631/jibirin.85.131 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 85 (1) ◽

pp. 131-135

Author(s):

Nozomu Mori ◽

Akio Shugyo ◽

Hiroshi Furuta ◽

Yasuki Watanabe ◽

Takafumi Kawahara ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Otitis Media ◽

Middle Ear ◽

Chronic Otitis Media ◽

Tissue Concentrations

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Influenza-Induced Inflammation Drives Pneumococcal Otitis Media

Infection and Immunity ◽

10.1128/iai.01278-12 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 81 (3) ◽

pp. 645-652 ◽

Cited By ~ 43

Author(s):

Kirsty R. Short ◽

Patrick C. Reading ◽

Lorena E. Brown ◽

John Pedersen ◽

Brad Gilbertson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Otitis Media ◽

Middle Ear ◽

Influenza A ◽

Pneumococcal Disease ◽

Influenza Viruses ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Proinflammatory Response ◽

Content Type ◽

Infant Mouse ◽

Human Middle Ear

ABSTRACTInfluenza A virus (IAV) predisposes individuals to secondary infections with the bacteriumStreptococcus pneumoniae(the pneumococcus). Infections may manifest as pneumonia, sepsis, meningitis, or otitis media (OM). It remains controversial as to whether secondary pneumococcal disease is due to the induction of an aberrant immune response or IAV-induced immunosuppression. Moreover, as the majority of studies have been performed in the context of pneumococcal pneumonia, it remains unclear how far these findings can be extrapolated to other pneumococcal disease phenotypes such as OM. Here, we used an infant mouse model, human middle ear epithelial cells, and a series of reverse-engineered influenza viruses to investigate how IAV promotes bacterial OM. Our data suggest that the influenza virus HA facilitates disease by inducing a proinflammatory response in the middle ear cavity in a replication-dependent manner. Importantly, our findings suggest that it is the inflammatory response to IAV infection that mediates pneumococcal replication. This study thus provides the first evidence that inflammation drives pneumococcal replication in the middle ear cavity, which may have important implications for the treatment of pneumococcal OM.

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Medical tactics in chronic otitis media

Kazan medical journal ◽

10.17816/kazmj80091 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 76 (1) ◽

pp. 23-25

Author(s):

R. M. Nursaitova ◽

O. A. Guryanov

Keyword(s):

Otitis Media ◽

Middle Ear ◽

Chronic Otitis Media ◽

Potential Danger

It is advisable to perform cautious radical operations at the same time with plasty elements. The early surgicai sanation of the middle ear is recommended allowing to preserve its elements, to increase the possibilities of reconstruction and consequently, to decrease a potential danger for acoustic function of a patient as well as for his life as a whole.

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