Fluid therapy in correction of electrolyte disorders and acid-base balance in severe burns

ABSTRACT: The effects of a new intravenous electrolyte solution for veterinary therapy on electrolyte and acid-base balances of horses were evaluated, assessing the potential of the use of this solution as a rational alternative in fluid therapy. Eight healthy adult horses, including 4 males and 4 females, received two treatments in a cross-over design: isotonic saline solution (IS) and a test solution (TS) containing 145mEq of Na+, 5mEq of K+, 4mEq of Ca++, 2mEq of Mg++, 96mEq of Cl-, 60mEq of lactate, 50g of dextrose, and 4mg of cyanocobalamin per liter. Solutions were IV infused in a volume corresponding to 5% of BW, over 3 hours. Venous blood samples were taken 5 times before and after the infusion (at 0, 3, 6, 9 e 24h), for pHv, pCO2v, HCO3 -v, BEv, Na+, K+, Cl-, Ca++, Ca, P, Mg, glucose and L-lactate measurements, and AG and SID calculations. The data were analyzed through repeated measures ANOVA. The IS caused mild acidifying effect by increasing Cl- and decreasing plasma SID. In contrast, the TS induced mild and transient hypochloremia without changes in acid-base balance. Hyperglycemia was present at the end of the TS infusion and reversed 6 hours later. The horses did not exhibit any clinical changes. We concluded that TS is an option for fluid therapy in horses.

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Lactated Ringer's solution or 0.9% sodium chloride as fluid therapy in pigeons (Columba livia) submitted to humerus osteosynthesis

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira ◽

10.1590/s0100-736x2015000100018 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 35 (1) ◽

pp. 95-98 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Adriano B. Carregaro ◽

Martielo I. Gehrcke ◽

Jenifer S. Marques ◽

André N.E. Silva ◽

Kleber T. Gomes

Keyword(s):

Sodium Chloride ◽

Fluid Therapy ◽

Physical Restraint ◽

Respiratory Acidosis ◽

Columba Livia ◽

Acid Base Balance ◽

Acid Base ◽

Ringer’S Solution ◽

Base Balance ◽

Lactated Ringer's Solution

The study aimed to compare the effects of intraosseous infusion of lactated Ringer's and 0.9% sodium chloride solutions on the electrolytes and acid-base balance in pigeons submitted to humerus osteosynthesis. Eighteen pigeons were undergoing to isoflurane anesthesia by an avalvular circuit system. They were randomly assigned into two groups (n=9) receiving lactated Ringer's solution (LR) or 0.9% sodium chloride (SC), in a continuous infusion rate of 20mL/kg/h, by using an intraosseous catheter into the tibiotarsus during 60-minute anesthetic procedure. Heart rate (HR), and respiratory rate (RR) were measured every 10 min. Venous blood samples were collected at 0, 30 and 60 minutes to analyze blood pH, PvCO2, HCO3 -, Na+ and K+. Blood gases and electrolytes showed respiratory acidosis in both groups during induction, under physical restraint. This acidosis was evidenced by a decrease of pH since 0 min, associated with a compensatory response, observed by increasing of HCO3 - concentration, at 30 and 60 min. It was not observed any changes on Na+ and K+ serum concentrations. According to the results, there is no reason for choosing one of the two solutions, and it could be concluded that both fluid therapy solutions do not promote any impact on acid-base balance and electrolyte concentrations in pigeons submitted to humerus osteosynthesis.

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Physical exercise on serum electrolytes and acid base balance in Mangalarga Marchador horses submitted to cavalcade of 4, 8 and 20km

Ciência Rural ◽

10.1590/0103-8478cr20160277 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 47 (5) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jessica Martins Linhares ◽

Paula Alessandra Di Filippo ◽

Paulo Moreira Bogossian ◽

Rafael Vianna Barbosa de Almeida Guerra ◽

Sebastian Ricardo Bustamante Bustamante ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Partial Pressure ◽

Base Excess ◽

Venous Blood ◽

Acid Base Balance ◽

Acid Base ◽

Electrolyte Disorders ◽

Serum Electrolytes ◽

Animal Blood ◽

Blood Samples ◽

Base Balance

ABSTRACT: Acid-base and electrolyte disorders have been described in horses associated during and after exercise. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of cavalcade competition on the acid-base and hydroelectrolytic balance in Mangalarga Marchador horses. For this purpose, 15 geldings, 6.2 ± 1.2 years old and clinically healthy, were distributed into three groups of five animals each. Horses were trained to take part in cavalcade competitions. Animals were submitted to cavalcade along 4km (G4), 8km (G8), and 20km (G20) at mean speeds of 15km h-1, 12km h-1, and 12km h-1, respectively. From each horse, venous blood samples were collected before exercise (T0) and immediately after (T1) cavalcade. Bicarbonate ion (HCO3-), pH, partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2), partial pressure of oxygen (pO2), base excess (BE), hematocrit (Hct), sodium (Na+), potassium (K+), chloride (Cl-) and lactate were determined. The variables pH, pO2 and pCO2 were corrected in function of rectal temperature of each animal. Blood samples were analyzed for acid-base balance, as well as biochemical and electrolyte parameters using an i-STAT analyzer. Significant (P<0.05) increase in Hct, Na+, pH, HCO3 - and BE were observed after cavalcade in G20 group. Decrease (P<0.05) in K+ and Cl- were also observed in G20 animals after cavalcade (T1). Changes in the acid-base balance and hydroelectrolytic profile of the Mangalarga Marchador after cavalcade of 20km resulted in hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis. The 20km cavalcade induced significant hydroelectrolytic and acid-base imbalances in Mangalarga Marchador horses.

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Clinical chemistry

10.1093/med/9780199609628.003.0015 ◽

2014 ◽

Author(s):

Murray Longmore ◽

Ian B. Wilkinson ◽

Andrew Baldwin ◽

Elizabeth Wallin

Keyword(s):

Fluid Balance ◽

Fluid Therapy ◽

Clinical Chemistry ◽

Laboratory Medicine ◽

Acid Base Balance ◽

Acid Base ◽

Disease Patterns ◽

Base Balance

On being normal in the society of numbersThe essence of laboratory medicineBiochemistry: disease patternsLab results: act nowFluid balance and iv fluid therapyElectrolyte physiology and the kidneyAcid–base balanceHyper- and hyponatraemiaSyndrome of inappropriate adh secretionHyper- and hypokalaemiaCalcium and phosphate physiology...

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The Effect of Intraoperative Fluid Therapy (5% Dextrose Solntion and Hartmann’s Solution) on Acid-Base Balance

Korean Journal of Anesthesiology ◽

10.4097/kjae.1980.13.4.381 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 381

Author(s):

Youn Sil Kim ◽

Young So Kim ◽

Sung Woo Lee ◽

Chang Jae Kwon

Keyword(s):

Fluid Therapy ◽

Acid Base Balance ◽

Acid Base ◽

Base Balance

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Choice of Drug for Intravenous Fluid Therapy in the Early Postoperative Period in Children

General Reanimatology ◽

10.15360/1813-9779-2020-5-30-36 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 (5) ◽

pp. 30-36

Author(s):

V. V. Lazarev ◽

Zh. D. Sulaimanova ◽

L. E. Tsypin ◽

G. P. Brusov ◽

T. V. Eryasheva

Keyword(s):

Phase Angle ◽

Fluid Therapy ◽

Postoperative Period ◽

Potassium Level ◽

Early Postoperative Period ◽

Nacl Solution ◽

Acid Base Balance ◽

Acid Base ◽

Intravenous Fluid Therapy ◽

Base Balance

The choice of drug for initial fluid therapy in the early postoperative period is important in terms of clinical efficacy and cost-effectiveness of the combination treatment.The aim of the study was to compare the effects of a succinate-containing solution and 0.9% NaCl solution when used as a drug of initial intravenous fluid therapy in early postoperative period in children.Materials and methods. A prospective randomized trial was conducted with participation of 43 patients having ASA II—III score after elective surgical interventions with a duration of 1-3 hours. In Group I («N») (n=23) the patients received continuous infusion of 0.9% NaCl solution in the early postoperative period (within 3 hours after the operation), in Group 2 («R») (n=20) continuous infusion of a succinate-containing solution was administered in 2.3 (1.6; 2.8) mode. The inter- and intragroup differences during the study were estimated by the changes of water-electrolyte and acid-base balance, basal metabolism, and phase angle (estimated integral index of cellular membranes condition) values. The data were recorded during the 5 stages of the study: 1 — immediately upon ICU admission (baseline), 2 — 60 minutes, 3 — 90 minutes, 4 — 120 minutes, 5 — 180 minutes after the ICU admission.Results. Significant differences in plasma potassium level between the groups 60 minutes (P=0.01) and 180 minutes (P=0.04) after the initiation of drugs infusion were found. In group N, at the 2nd stage, a 7% decrease in the potassium level was observed, while in group R, it increased by 2.1% as compared with the baseline. By the end of the study, potassium level decreased by 6.9% in group N and by 6.5% in group R. The intragroup differences were significant in Group N at the 2nd (P=0.02) and 5th (P=0.01) stages. In group R, no significant differences vs the baseline were found at any stage. In all cases, the values were within the reference values. In group N, at the 2nd stage the sodium concentration increased compared with the 1st stage by 2.1% (P=0.01). In group R, at the 5th stage, a significant decrease of Cl- concentration by 2.7% (P=0.01) was observed. The acid-base status showed a trend towards mixed acidosis at the 2nd stage in both groups, with the similarly significant pH reduction by 1.3% vs the baseline, whereas at 5th stage the decrease of pH was more significant in Group N (by 1.2% vs the baseline) than in Group R (by 0.9%) (P=0.01). In group N, the phase angle value was found to decrease by 8.6% at the 2nd stage and by 6% at the 5th stage (P=0.01). In group R no significant differences in the phase angle values were found.Conclusion. The succinate-containing solution has more favorable effect on the water-electrolyte and blood acid-base balance, as well as the state of cell membranes compared with the 0.9% NaCl solution.

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Strong ion difference and arterial bicarbonate concentration as cornerstones of the impact of fluid therapy on acid-base balance

Critical Care ◽

10.1186/cc12316 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 17 (S2) ◽

Author(s):

D Ottolina ◽

M Ferrari ◽

L Zazzeron ◽

E Scotti ◽

M Stanziano ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fluid Therapy ◽

Strong Ion Difference ◽

Acid Base Balance ◽

Bicarbonate Concentration ◽

Acid Base ◽

Base Balance ◽

The Impact

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Higher Dietary Acidity is Associated with Lower Bone Mineral Density in Postmenopausal Iranian Women, Independent of Dietary Calcium Intake

International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research ◽

10.1024/0300-9831/a000207 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 84 (3-4) ◽

pp. 0206-0217 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Seyedeh-Elaheh Shariati-Bafghi ◽

Elaheh Nosrat-Mirshekarlou ◽

Mohsen Karamati ◽

Bahram Rashidkhani

Keyword(s):

Calcium Intake ◽

Dietary Calcium ◽

Dietary Calcium Intake ◽

Dietary Intakes ◽

Iranian Women ◽

Acid Base Balance ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Acid Base ◽

Base Balance ◽

Dietary Acid

Findings of studies on the link between dietary acid-base balance and bone mass are relatively mixed. We examined the association between dietary acid-base balance and bone mineral density (BMD) in a sample of Iranian women, hypothesizing that a higher dietary acidity would be inversely associated with BMD, even when dietary calcium intake is adequate. In this cross-sectional study, lumbar spine and femoral neck BMDs of 151 postmenopausal women aged 50 - 85 years were measured using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Dietary intakes were assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Renal net acid excretion (RNAE), an estimate of acid-base balance, was then calculated indirectly from the diet using the formulae of Remer (based on dietary intakes of protein, phosphorus, potassium, and magnesium; RNAERemer) and Frassetto (based on dietary intakes of protein and potassium; RNAEFrassetto), and was energy adjusted by the residual method. After adjusting for potential confounders, multivariable adjusted means of the lumbar spine BMD of women in the highest tertiles of RNAERemer and RNAEFrassetto were significantly lower than those in the lowest tertiles (for RNAERemer: mean difference -0.084 g/cm2; P=0.007 and for RNAEFrassetto: mean difference - 0.088 g/cm2; P=0.004). Similar results were observed in a subgroup analysis of subjects with dietary calcium intake of >800 mg/day. In conclusion, a higher RNAE (i. e. more dietary acidity), which is associated with greater intake of acid-generating foods and lower intake of alkali-generating foods, may be involved in deteriorating the bone health of postmenopausal Iranian women, even in the context of adequate dietary calcium intake.

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