Tsuji I Minami Y Keyl PM Hisamichi S Asano H Sato M Shinoda K. The predictive power of self-rated health, activities of daily living, and ambulatory activity for cause-specific mortality among the elderly: a three-year follow-up in urban Japan. J Am Geriatr Soc (1994 Feb) 42(2):153-6. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCffiTY

Abstract Editor’s Perspective What We Already Know about This Topic What This Article Tells Us That Is New Background Postoperative delirium is one of the most common complications in the elderly surgical population. However, its long-term outcomes remain largely to be determined. Therefore a prospective cohort study was conducted to determine the association between postoperative delirium and long-term decline in activities of daily living and postoperative mortality. The hypothesis in the present study was that postoperative delirium was associated with a greater decline in activities of daily living and higher mortality within 24 to 36 months after anesthesia and surgery. Methods The participants (at least 65 yr old) having the surgeries of (1) proximal femoral nail, (2) hip replacement, or (3) open reduction and internal fixation under general anesthesia were enrolled. The Confusion Assessment Method algorithm was administered to diagnose delirium before and on the first, second, and fourth days after the surgery. Activities of daily living were evaluated by using the Chinese version of the activities of daily living scale (range, 14 to 56 points), and preoperative cognitive function was assessed by using the Chinese Mini-Mental State Examination (range, 0 to 30 points). The follow-up assessments, including activities of daily living and mortality, were conducted between 24 and 36 months after anesthesia and surgery. Results Of 130 participants (80 ± 6 yr, 24% male), 34 (26%) developed postoperative delirium during the hospitalization. There were 32% of the participants who were lost to follow-up, resulting in 88 participants who were finally included in the data analysis. The participants with postoperative delirium had a greater decline in activities of daily living (16 ± 15 vs. 9 ± 15, P = 0.037) and higher 36-month mortality (8 of 28, 29% vs. 7 of 75, 9%; P = 0.009) as compared with the participants without postoperative delirium. Conclusions Postoperative delirium was associated with long-term detrimental outcomes, including greater decline in activities of daily living and a higher rate of postoperative mortality.

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Incidence and risk factors for falls among community-dwelling elderly subjects on a 1-year follow-up: a prospective cohort study from Ernakulam, Kerala, India

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2019-033691 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (7) ◽

pp. e033691

Author(s):

Divyamol K Sasidharan ◽

Priya Vijayakumar ◽

Manu Raj ◽

Sumi Soman ◽

Libin Antony ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Activities Of Daily Living ◽

Movement Disorders ◽

Prospective Cohort ◽

Daily Living ◽

The Elderly ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Living Alone

ObjectivesThere is limited knowledge regarding epidemiology and risk of falls among the elderly living in low-income and middle-income countries. In this situation, the current study aims to report the incidence of falls and associated risk factors among free living elderly population from Kerala, India.DesignProspective cohort study with stratified random cluster sampling.SettingThe study location was Ernakulam, Kerala, India, and we collected information via house visits using a questionnaire. During the research, the subjects were followed up prospectively for 1 year by phone at intervals of 3 months and missing subjects were contacted by house visits.ParticipantsCommunity-dwelling elderly above 65 years of age.ResultsWe recruited a total of 1000 participants out of which a total of 201 (20.1%) subjects reported a fall during the follow-up. The incidence rate of falls was 31 (95% CI 27.7 to 34.6) per 100 person-years. Female sex (OR 1.48, 95% CI 1.05 to 2.10, p=0.027), movement disorders including Parkinsonism (OR 2.26, 95% CI 1.00 to 5.05, p=0.048), arthritis (OR 1.48, 95% CI 1.05 to 2.09, p=0.026), dependence in basic activities of daily living (OR, 3.49, 95% CI 2.00 to 6.09, p<0.001), not using antihypertensive medications (OR, 1.53, 95% CI 1.10 to 2.13, p=0.012), living alone during daytime (OR 3.27, 95% CI 1.59 to 6.71, p=0.001) and a history of falls in the previous year (OR, 2.25, 95% CI 1.60 to 3.15, p<0.001) predicted a fall in the following year.ConclusionsOne in five community-dwelling senior citizen fall annually and one in four who fall are prone to fall again in the following year. Interventions targeting falls among the elderly need to focus on modifiable risk factors such as living alone during daytime, movement disorders, arthritis and dependence on basic activities of daily living.

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Activities of daily living dependency and disease-specific mortality during 12-year follow-up in an 80-year-old population

Aging Clinical and Experimental Research ◽

10.1007/s40520-013-0029-6 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 25 (2) ◽

pp. 193-201 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Yutaka Takata ◽

Toshihiro Ansai ◽

Inho Soh ◽

Shuji Awano ◽

Ikuo Nakamichi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Activities Of Daily Living ◽

Daily Living ◽

Specific Mortality ◽

Disease Specific Mortality ◽

Disease Specific

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High-level activities of daily living and disease-specific mortality during a 12-year follow-up of an octogenarian population

Clinical Interventions in Aging ◽

10.2147/cia.s43480 ◽

2013 ◽

pp. 721 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Yutaka Takata ◽

Toshihiro Ansai ◽

Inho Soh ◽

Shuji Awano ◽

Ikuo Nakamichi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Activities Of Daily Living ◽

Daily Living ◽

Specific Mortality ◽

Disease Specific Mortality ◽

High Level ◽

Disease Specific

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Factors associated with basic and instrumental activities of daily living in elderly participants of a population-based survey: the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study, Norway

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2017-018942 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. e018942 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Siri Høivik Storeng ◽

Erik R Sund ◽

Steinar Krokstad

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Activities Of Daily Living ◽

Daily Living ◽

Population Based ◽

Health Study ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Self Rated Health ◽

Instrumental Activities ◽

Iadl Disability

ObjectivesTo investigate factors associated with the need for assistance in basic and instrumental activities of daily living in Norwegian elderly.DesignProspective cohort study.SettingThe Nord-Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT), a large population-based health survey in Norway.Participants5050 individuals aged 60–69 years old at baseline in HUNT2 (1995–1997) who also participated in HUNT3 (2006–2008) were included in the study. 676/693 individuals were excluded in the analyses due to missing outcomes.OutcomesNeeding assistance in one or more basic or instrumental activities of daily living reported in HUNT3.ResultsIn adjusted multinomial logistic regression analyses, poor self-rated health and depression were the strongest risk factors for needing assistance in one or more basic activities of daily living in HUNT3, with ORs of 2.13 (1.35 to 3.38) and 1.58 (0.91 to 2.73). Poor self-rated health and poor life satisfaction were the strongest risk factors for needing assistance in one or more instrumental activities of daily living in HUNT3, with ORs of 2.30 (1.93 to 2.74) and 2.29 (1.86 to 2.81), respectively. Excessive sitting time, short or prolonged sleeping time, and physical inactivity seemed to be the most important lifestyle risk factors for basic/instrumental activities of daily living (ADL/IADL) disability. The studied factors were, in general, greater risk factors for mortality during follow-up than for ADL/IADL disability. Smoking was the strongest risk factor for mortality during follow-up and non-participation in HUNT3. Smoking and low social participation were the strongest risk factors for non-participation in HUNT3.ConclusionsSubjective health perception, life satisfaction and depression were the strongest risk factors for needing assistance in one or more basic/instrumental activities of daily living later in life. These factors could be possible targets for prevention purposes.

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