scholarly journals Acculturation Stress, Anxiety Disorders, and Alcohol Dependence in a Select Population of Young Adult Mexican Americans

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 227-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cindy L. Ehlers ◽  
David A. Gilder ◽  
Jose R. Criado ◽  
Raul Caetano
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Mexican Americans ◽  
Acculturation Stress

A Co-Morbidity of Alcohol Dependence with Other Psychiatric Disorders in Young Adult Mexican Americans

2007 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 31-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Gilder ◽  
Philip Lau ◽  
Abigail Gross ◽  
Cindy L. Ehlers
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Mexican Americans ◽  
Co Morbidity

scholarly journals Genome-wide significant loci for addiction and anxiety

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 47-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Hodgson ◽  
L. Almasy ◽  
E.E.M. Knowles ◽  
J.W. Kent ◽  
J.E. Curran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Drug Dependence ◽  
Mexican Americans ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Rare Cnvs ◽  
Addictive Disorders ◽  
Extended Pedigrees ◽  
Linkage Signal ◽  
Genome Wide

AbstractBackgroundPsychiatric comorbidity is common among individuals with addictive disorders, with patients frequently suffering from anxiety disorders. While the genetic architecture of comorbid addictive and anxiety disorders remains unclear, elucidating the genes involved could provide important insights into the underlying etiology.MethodsHere we examine a sample of 1284 Mexican-Americans from randomly selected extended pedigrees. Variance decomposition methods were used to examine the role of genetics in addiction phenotypes (lifetime history of alcohol dependence, drug dependence or chronic smoking) and various forms of clinically relevant anxiety. Genome-wide univariate and bivariate linkage scans were conducted to localize the chromosomal regions influencing these traits.ResultsAddiction phenotypes and anxiety were shown to be heritable and univariate genome-wide linkage scans revealed significant quantitative trait loci for drug dependence (14q13.2-q21.2, LOD = 3.322) and a broad anxiety phenotype (12q24.32-q24.33, LOD = 2.918). Significant positive genetic correlations were observed between anxiety and each of the addiction subtypes (ρg = 0.550–0.655) and further investigation with bivariate linkage analyses identified significant pleiotropic signals for alcohol dependence-anxiety (9q33.1-q33.2, LOD = 3.054) and drug dependence-anxiety (18p11.23-p11.22, LOD = 3.425).ConclusionsThis study confirms the shared genetic underpinnings of addiction and anxiety and identifies genomic loci involved in the etiology of these comorbid disorders. The linkage signal for anxiety on 12q24 spans the location of TMEM132D, an emerging gene of interest from previous GWAS of anxiety traits, whilst the bivariate linkage signal identified for anxiety-alcohol on 9q33 peak coincides with a region where rare CNVs have been associated with psychiatric disorders. Other signals identified implicate novel regions of the genome in addiction genetics.

Co-morbidity and familial aggregation of alcoholism and anxiety disorders

1998 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 773-788 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. R. MERIKANGAS ◽  
D. E. STEVENS ◽  
B. FENTON ◽  
M. STOLAR ◽  
S. O'MALLEY ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Social Phobia ◽  
Familial Aggregation ◽  
Familial Risk ◽  
Family History Information ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
History Information ◽  
Familial Risk Factors

Background. This study examined the patterns of familial aggregation and co-morbidity of alcoholism and anxiety disorders in the relatives of 165 probands selected for alcoholism and/or anxiety disorders compared to those of 61 unaffected controls.Methods. Probands were either selected from treatment settings or at random from the community. DSM-III-R diagnoses were obtained for all probands and their 1053 first-degree relatives, based on direct interview or family history information.Results. The findings indicate that: (1) alcoholism was associated with anxiety disorders in the relatives, particularly among females; (2) both alcoholism and anxiety disorders were highly familial; (3) the familial aggregation of alcoholism was attributable to alcohol dependence rather than to alcohol abuse, particularly among male relatives; and (4) the pattern of co-aggregation of alcohol dependence and anxiety disorders in families differed according to the subtype of anxiety disorder; there was evidence of a partly shared diathesis underlying panic and alcoholism, whereas social phobia and alcoholism tended to aggregate independently.Conclusions. The finding that the onset of social phobia tended to precede that of alcoholism, when taken together with the independence of familial aggregation of social phobia and alcoholism support a self-medication hypothesis as the explanation for the co-occurrence of social phobia and alcoholism. In contrast, the lack of a systematic pattern in the order of onset of panic and alcoholism among subjects with both disorders as well as evidence for shared underlying familial risk factors suggests that co-morbidity between panic disorder and alcoholism is not a consequence of self-medication of panic symptoms. The results of this study emphasize the importance of examining co-morbid disorders and subtypes thereof in identifying sources of heterogeneity in the pathogenesis of alcoholism.

Family history of alcohol dependence modulates functional neurophysiology in mood/anxiety disorders

2012 ◽  
Vol 43 (7) ◽  
pp. 1487-1497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Sjoerds ◽  
M.-J. van Tol ◽  
W. van den Brink ◽  
N. J. A. van der Wee ◽  
A. Aleman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
Blood Oxygen Level Dependent ◽  
Blood Oxygen Level ◽  
Task Load ◽  
Mood And Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of

BackgroundA family history (FH) of alcohol dependence (AD) not only increases the risk for AD, but is also associated with an increased risk for mood and anxiety disorders. However, it is unknown how a FH of AD affects neural substrates in patients with mood and anxiety disorders. In this study we examined the effects of an alcoholic FH on cognitive and emotional functions in these patients using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).MethodIn a sample of non-alcoholic patients with depressive and/or anxiety disorders from the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety (NESDA) neuroimaging study, patients with a first-degree FH of AD (FH + ; n = 31) were compared with patients without a FH (FH–; n = 77) on performance and brain activation during visuospatial planning and emotional word encoding. Results were compared with those of healthy controls (HCs) without a FH of AD (n = 31).ResultsFH+ patients performed slower during planning with increasing task load, coupled with stronger blood oxygen level-dependent responses in dorsal prefrontal areas compared with FH− patients and HCs. FH was not associated with performance differences during word encoding, but right insula activation during positive word encoding was present in FH+ patients, comparable with HCs, but absent in FH− patients.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates subtle impairments during planning in FH+ compared with FH− patients and HCs, whereas activation during mood-incongruent stimuli in FH+ patients was similar to HCs but not FH− patients, suggesting that the presence of a FH of AD is a useful marker for the neurophysiological profile in mood/anxiety disorders and possible predictor for treatment success.

scholarly journals The clinical course of DSM-5 alcohol use disorders in young adult native and Mexican Americans

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (8) ◽  
pp. 713-721 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cindy L. Ehlers ◽  
Gina M. Stouffer ◽  
Linda Corey ◽  
David A. Gilder
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Mexican Americans ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorders ◽  
Dsm 5

Young adult outcome of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a controlled 10-year follow-up study

2006 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOSEPH BIEDERMAN ◽  
MICHAEL C. MONUTEAUX ◽  
ERIC MICK ◽  
THOMAS SPENCER ◽  
TIMOTHY E. WILENS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Lifetime Prevalence ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Oppositional Defiant ◽  
Wide Range

Background. Our objective was to estimate the lifetime prevalence of psychopathology in a sample of youth with and without attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) through young adulthood using contemporaneous diagnostic and analytic techniques.Method. We conducted a case-control, 10-year prospective study of ADHD youth. At baseline, we assessed consecutively referred male, Caucasian children with (n=140) and without (n=120) DSM-III-R ADHD, aged 6–18 years, ascertained from psychiatric and pediatric sources to allow for generalizability of results. At the 10-year follow-up, 112 (80%) and 105 (88%) of the ADHD and control children, respectively, were reassessed (mean age 22 years). We created the following categories of psychiatric disorders: Major Psychopathology (mood disorders and psychosis), Anxiety Disorders, Antisocial Disorders (conduct, oppositional-defiant, and antisocial personality disorder), Developmental Disorders (elimination, language, and tics disorder), and Substance Dependence Disorders (alcohol, drug, and nicotine dependence), as measured by blinded structured diagnostic interview.Results. The lifetime prevalence for all categories of psychopathology were significantly greater in ADHD young adults compared to controls, with hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals of 6·1 (3·5–10·7), 2·2 (1·5–3·2), 5·9 (3·9–8·8), 2·5 (1·7–3·6), and 2·0 (1·3–3·0), respectively, for the categories described above.Conclusions. By their young adult years, ADHD youth were at high risk for a wide range of adverse psychiatric outcomes including markedly elevated rates of antisocial, addictive, mood and anxiety disorders. These prospective findings provide further evidence for the high morbidity associated with ADHD across the life-cycle and stress the importance of early recognition of this disorder for prevention and intervention strategies.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document