Effects of chronic smoking on exercise tolerance and on heart rate-systolic blood pressure product in young healthy adults

2007 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 646-652 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Papathanasiou ◽  
Dimitris Georgakopoulos ◽  
George Georgoudis ◽  
Panagiotis Spyropoulos ◽  
Despina Perrea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Exercise Test ◽  
Exercise Tolerance ◽  
Maximal Exercise ◽  
Rate Pressure Product ◽  
Test Duration ◽  
Maximal Exercise Test ◽  
Chronic Smoking

Background Smoking is a major cause of cardiovascular disease and mortality. Smoking-related deaths in Greece account for 23%, whereas 41% of young Greeks are smokers, the highest percentage in Europe. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of chronic smoking on the rate-pressure product and exercise tolerance in young, healthy male smokers. Design and methods Forty-two smokers and 51 nonsmokers were selected from a population of 543 students based on their age, sex, body mass index, physical fitness, smoking habit and health status. All participants were tested with the standard Bruce treadmill protocol. The rate-pressure product was obtained at rest and during exercise at a given submaximal workload. The evaluation of exercise tolerance was based on peak workload achieved and maximal exercise test duration. Results The smokers had a higher rate-pressure product at rest ( P < 0.001) due to their higher resting heart rate ( P < 0.001). Resting values of blood pressure did not differ significantly between the two groups. During exercise, smokers had a greater rate-pressure product ( P < 0.001), mainly due to their significantly higher systolic blood pressure ( P = 0.008). The smokers had a higher submaximal heart rate ( P = 0.005), but the differences in heart rate between groups were reduced for smokers during exercise when compared to rest. The smokers' exercise tolerance was impaired and their maximal exercise test duration time was significantly shorter ( P < 0.001). Conclusions Chronic smoking was found to affect young male smokers' cardiovascular fitness, impairing the economy and decreasing the capacity of their circulatory system. Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil 14:646-652 © 2007 The European Society of Cardiology

Correlates of endothelial function and the peak systolic blood pressure response to a graded maximal exercise test

2012 ◽  
Vol 222 (1) ◽  
pp. 202-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kayla M. Olson ◽  
Amanda L. Augeri ◽  
Richard L. Seip ◽  
Gregory J. Tsongalis ◽  
Paul D. Thompson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Exercise Test ◽  
Maximal Exercise ◽  
Blood Pressure Response ◽  
Pressure Response ◽  
Maximal Exercise Test

Correlates Of Endothelial Function And The Peak Systolic Blood Pressure Response To A Graded Maximal Exercise Test

2009 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 70-71
Author(s):  
Kayla M. Olson ◽  
Amanda L. Augeri ◽  
Matthew A. Kostek ◽  
Gregory J. Tsongalis ◽  
Richard L. Seip ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Exercise Test ◽  
Maximal Exercise ◽  
Blood Pressure Response ◽  
Pressure Response ◽  
Maximal Exercise Test

Peak Systolic Blood Pressure on a Graded Maximal Exercise Test and the Blood Pressure Response to an Acute Bout of Submaximal Exercise

2006 ◽  
Vol 98 (7) ◽  
pp. 938-943 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy N. Syme ◽  
Bruce E. Blanchard ◽  
Margaux A. Guidry ◽  
Amy W. Taylor ◽  
Jaci L. VanHeest ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Exercise Test ◽  
Maximal Exercise ◽  
Blood Pressure Response ◽  
Submaximal Exercise ◽  
Pressure Response ◽  
Maximal Exercise Test ◽  
Acute Bout

Effect of heavy exercise on spectral baroreflex sensitivity, heart rate, and blood pressure variability in well-trained humans

2008 ◽  
Vol 295 (3) ◽  
pp. H1150-H1155 ◽  
Author(s):  
François Cottin ◽  
Claire Médigue ◽  
Yves Papelier
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Exercise Test ◽  
Blood Pressure Variability ◽  
Baroreflex Sensitivity ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Mechanical Effect ◽  
Heavy Exercise ◽  
Gas Exchange Parameters

The aim of the study was to assess the instantaneous spectral components of heart rate variability (HRV) and systolic blood pressure variability (SBPV) and determine the low-frequency (LF) and high-frequency baroreflex sensitivity (HF-BRS) during a graded maximal exercise test. The first hypothesis was that the hyperpnea elicited by heavy exercise could entail a significant increase in HF-SBPV by mechanical effect once the first and second ventilatory thresholds (VTs) were exceeded. It was secondly hypothesized that vagal tone progressively withdrawing with increasing load, HF-BRS could decrease during the exercise test. Fifteen well-trained subjects participated in this study. Electrocardiogram (ECG), blood pressure, and gas exchanges were recorded during a cycloergometer test. Ventilatory equivalents were computed from gas exchange parameters to assess VTs. Spectral analysis was applied on cardiovascular series to compute RR and systolic blood pressure power spectral densities, cross-spectral coherence, gain, and α index of BRS. Three exercise intensity stages were compared: below (A1), between (A2), and above (A3) VTs. From A1 to A3, both HF-SBPV (A1: 45 ± 6, A2: 65 ± 10, and A3: 120 ± 23 mm2Hg, P < 0.001) and HF-HRV increased (A1: 20 ± 5, A2: 23 ± 8, and A3:40 ± 11 ms2, P < 0.02), maintaining HF-BRS (gain, A1: 0.68 ± 0.12, A2: 0.63 ± 0.08, and A3: 0.57 ± 0.09; α index, A1: 0.58 ± 0.08, A2: 0.48 ± 0.06, and A3: 0.50 ± 0.09 ms/mmHg, not significant). However, LF-BRS decreased (gain, A1: 0.39 ± 0.06, A2: 0.17 ± 0.02, and A3: 0.11 ± 0.01, P < 0.001; α index, A1: 0.46 ± 0.07, A2: 0.20 ± 0.02, and A3: 0.14 ± 0.01 ms/mmHg, P < 0.001). As expected, once VTs were exceeded, hyperpnea induced a marked increase in both HF-HRV and HF-SBPV. However, this concomitant increase allowed the maintenance of HF-BRS, presumably by a mechanoelectric feedback mechanism.

Effect of Exercise Speed on Heart Rate, Systolic Blood Pressure, and Rate-Pressure Product During Upper Extremity Ergometry

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (7) ◽  
pp. 1085-1088 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wayne A. MacMasters ◽  
Debbie J. Harned ◽  
Pamela W. Duncan
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Rate Pressure Product

scholarly journals Heart Rate Recovery and Systolic Blood Pressure Recovery After Maximal Exercise in Prevalent Users of Stimulant Medications

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 295-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur N. Westover ◽  
Paul A. Nakonezny ◽  
Carolyn E. Barlow ◽  
Bryon Adinoff ◽  
E. Sherwood Brown ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Maximal Exercise ◽  
Heart Rate Recovery ◽  
Pressure Recovery ◽  
Stimulant Medications

Exploring the Effect of a Maximal Exercise Test on Heart Rate Variability in Young Adults

2016 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 367
Author(s):  
James A. Janssen ◽  
Nate T. Berry ◽  
Alexis B. Slutsky ◽  
Lilly Shanahan ◽  
Cheryl A. Lovelady ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Exercise Test ◽  
Maximal Exercise ◽  
Maximal Exercise Test

scholarly journals Heart rate and systolic blood pressure response during the early exercise test and cardiovascular mortality after myocardial infarction

Medicina ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamilė Bloznelienė ◽  
Remigijus Žaliūnas ◽  
Julija Braždžionytė ◽  
Regina Grybauskienė ◽  
Mindaugas Bloznelis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Exercise Testing ◽  
Dynamic Characteristics ◽  
Exercise Test ◽  
Cardiac Death ◽  
Early Exercise ◽  
Combined Use

Exercise cardiography still remains the cornerstone of noninvasive evaluation of functional status of cardiovascular system and is almost uniformly performed after myocardial infarction. The patients after myocardial infarction can be divided into relative high- and low-risk groups for subsequent cardiac events if all information available on the exercise test is used. Objective. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic significance of the shape of heart rate and systolic blood pressure curves (their dynamic characteristics) during the early exercise testing and after it and to design the prognostic system capable to recognize patients with a high risk of coronary death during 2 years after myocardial infarction. Material and methods. The submaximal exercise testing within 3 weeks of acute myocardial infarction was performed on 894 patients. Cases of noncardiac deaths or patients subjected to coronary bypass surgery were excluded from the further analysis. At the end of 2 years after myocardial infarction, there were 426 survivors and 42 cases of cardiac death. At 2-year follow-up after infarction in the nonsurvivor group, there were only 42.2% of patients with exercise-induced ST segment depression. This shows that prognostic importance of ST depression is insufficient and demands research of more consistent signs. Results. The cardiovascular response to exercise was interpreted as transiting process of self-regulation of cardiovascular system, and the new predictive signs were found based on the curves of heart rate and systolic blood pressure during the exercise and after it. The prognostic value of these signs was established. The combined use of both the new predictive signs and usual data of early exercise test shows the high predictive possibility of test – the early cardiac death was predicted in 80% of cases. Conclusion. The combined use of both, the widely accepted data of early exercise test after myocardial infarction and dynamic characteristics of heart rate and systolic blood pressure, increased the predictive power of the test.

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