Prevalence and Risk Factors for Intimate Partner Physical Violence–Related Acquired Brain Injury Among Visitors to Justice Center in New York

2022 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. E10-E19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghazala T. Saleem ◽  
Madeleine Champagne ◽  
Mohammad Nadir Haider ◽  
John J. Leddy ◽  
Barry Willer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
New York ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Acquired Brain Injury ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Intimate Partner Physical Violence

Intimate Partner Violence: Prevalence and Risk Factors for Men in Cape Town, South Africa

2006 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naeemah Abrahams ◽  
Rachel Jewkes ◽  
Ria Laubscher ◽  
Margaret Hoffman
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Cape Town ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Parental Violence ◽  
Problem Alcohol Use ◽  
Violence Prevalence ◽  
Intimate Partner Physical Violence

This study examined the prevalence of and risk factors for intimate partner physical violence against women. Interviews were conducted with a sample of 1,378 men working in Cape Town municipalities. An average of 42.3% (95% CI: 39.6, 44.8) reported physical violence against a partner of the last 10 years, and 8.8% (95% CI: 7.3, 10.3) reported physical violence in the past year. After adjustment for age, occupational group, and race, the factors associated with use of violence against partners of the last 10 years were having no post-school training (OR = 2.10), witnessing parental violence in childhood (OR = 1.87), involvement in fights at work (OR = 2.73) and in communities (OR = 1.54), drug use (OR = 1.99), problem alcohol use (OR = 1.98), perceiving hitting women to be acceptable (OR = 4.54), frequent conflict (OR = 2.40), women’s alcohol use (OR = 2.25), conflict about sex (OR = 2.16), and conflict about his infidelity (OR = 2.81). The study shows that ideas supportive of gender inequality and normative use of violence in different settings are major underlying factors for men’s violence against partners.

Prevalence and Risk Factors for Intimate Partner Violence-related Brain Injury in New York

2021 ◽  
Vol 102 (10) ◽  
pp. e35
Author(s):  
Ghazala Saleem ◽  
Mohammad Haider ◽  
John Leddy ◽  
Barry Willer ◽  
Jessica Fitzpatrick
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
New York ◽  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner

Head Trauma in a Community-Based Sample of Victims of Intimate Partner Violence: Prevalence, Mechanisms of Injury and Symptom Presentation

2021 ◽  
pp. 088626052110163
Author(s):  
Jessica E. Meyer ◽  
Varna Jammula ◽  
Peter A. Arnett
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Head Trauma ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Difficulty Breathing ◽  
History Of ◽  
Subconcussive Head Trauma

Objective. The present study aimed to explore the prevalence of subconcussive head trauma, traumatic brain injury (TBI), potential hypoxic events, and hypoxic brain injury (HBI) in victims of physical intimate partner violence (IPV). The study also aimed to characterize the injury presentation and mechanisms of injury in this population. Method. A group of 47 female participants with a history of at least one relationship that included physical violence completed a structured interview assessing for subconcussive hits, TBI, and HBI. Participants ranged in age from 19 to 55, and had an average of 15.3 years of education. Forty-four participants completed the structured interview in person and three participants completed the interview over the phone. Results. The majority of participants reported sustaining at least one impact to the head and approximately half of the participants sustained at least one impact that resulted in a mild TBI. Approximately half of the participants experienced at least one incident of having difficulty breathing due to a violent act from their partner, and approximately one-third of participants reported symptoms consistent with mild HBI. The most common mechanisms of injury were being hit with a closed fist and being strangled. Conclusions. The high levels of head trauma observed in this study highlight the need for clinical and community providers to screen victims of physical IPV for head trauma. The unique characteristics of this population (female sex, high frequency of injuries, and presence of HBIs) indicate that research evaluating the cognitive effects of injuries in this population is needed.

The Persistent Association Between Exposure to Intimate Partner Physical Violence and Current Cigarette Smoking Among Women in Papua New Guinea: A Modified Poisson Regression Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prince Peprah ◽  
Bernard Yeboah-Asiamah Asare ◽  
Williams Agyemang-Duah ◽  
Parul Puri ◽  
Deborah Odunayo Ogundare ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Poisson Regression ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Current Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Smoking Cigarette ◽  
Current Cigarette ◽  
Intimate Partner Physical Violence

Abstract Background: Intimate partner physical violence (IPPV) is a preventable public health threat associated with health deteriorating lifestyles such as cigarette smoking. However, limited research has focused on the association between IPPV and cigarette smoking among women in unions in low-and middle-income countries like Papua New Guinea (PNG). The aim of this study was to examine the association between IPPV and current cigarette smoking using a nationally representative sample. Methods: We utilized 2016-2018 PNG Demographic and Health Survey data of 9,943 women aged 15-49 years who were in intimate unions. We estimated the direct risk of smoking cigarette using modified Poisson regression models with a robust variance relative risk and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of cigarette smoking. Results: Among the total participants, the prevalence of IPPV was 52.4% and smoking cigarette in the last 24 hours was 25.1%. The modified Poisson regression results indicated a robust and persistent association between IPPV and cigarette smoking among women in unions both in the absence and presence of covariates. The risk of smoking cigarette was significantly elevated among those who reported a history of IPPV relative to their counterparts with no physical violence history (IRR: 1.35, 95%CI: 1.20-1.52) in the absence of covariates. After controlling for demographic, social and economic variables, the association between IPPV and cigarette smoking persisted (IRR: 1.24, 95%CI: 1.08-1.41). Conclusions: The present study provides strong evidence to indicate a robust and persistent association between IPPV and current cigarette smoking among women in unions. Interventions aimed at addressing IPPV among women in unions in PNG to reduce the increased risk of cigarette smoking are needed.

Acquired brain injury and violent offending: prevalence and risk factors

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 775-775 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Faruqui
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Head Injury ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Acquired Brain Injury ◽  
List Type ◽  
Violent Offending ◽  
History Of ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

IntroductionAcquired brain injury has been reported to be associated with violence.ObjectivesTo determine whether an association exists between acquired brain injury and violent offendingAimsStudy an association between brain injury and crime and identify associated risk factors.MethodsSystematic search of Medline, Embase, PsychInfo, CINAHL, TRIP, using terms, Acquired brain injury, traumatic brain injury (TBI), head injury, frontal lobe, crime, offending, violent offending, sexual offending, prison.ResultsA:Multiple studies reported higher life time history of head injury in prison or offender populations in comparison to control groups. Sampling bias and case definition problems have influenced reported prevalence of head injury in offender population ranging from 3.3% to 82%. Reports from secure psychiatric services identify that patients with history of head injury may be more difficult to discharge. Community based studies report cognitive damage as significant risk factor for domestic violence.B:Large scale population and military cohorts have reported a higher relative risk for criminal conviction in mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) group. TBI increases the risk of mental disorder by two-folds but also that TBI is significantly related to mental disorder with co-existing criminality.C:Childhood conduct problems, loss of a parent, substance misuse, maternal drug use in pregnancy, impaired executive cognitive functioning, structural damage to orbito-frontal and ventromedial areas, amygdala, and hippocampus are reported as risk factors for violent offending in this population group.ConclusionsThe review provides evidence for an association between brain injury and violent offending and also identifies associated risk factors.

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