Sjogren Syndrome and Dry Eye: The Impact of Corneal Refractive Surgery

Cornea ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 29 (9) ◽  
pp. 1072 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick M K Tam ◽  
Alvin L Young ◽  
Philip T H Lam
Keyword(s):  
Dry Eye ◽  
Refractive Surgery ◽  
Sjögren Syndrome ◽  
Sjogren Syndrome ◽  
Corneal Refractive Surgery ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Disease-Induced Changes in Salivary Gland Function and the Composition of Saliva

2021 ◽  
pp. 002203452110048
Author(s):  
G.B. Proctor ◽  
A.M. Shaalan
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Sjögren Syndrome ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
Sjogren Syndrome ◽  
Salivary Gland Function ◽  
Salivary Gland Dysfunction ◽  
Gland Function ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Saliva Composition

Although the physiological control of salivary secretion has been well studied, the impact of disease on salivary gland function and how this changes the composition and function of saliva is less well understood and is considered in this review. Secretion of saliva is dependent upon nerve-mediated stimuli, which activate glandular fluid and protein secretory mechanisms. The volume of saliva secreted by salivary glands depends upon the frequency and intensity of nerve-mediated stimuli, which increase dramatically with food intake and are subject to facilitatory or inhibitory influences within the central nervous system. Longer-term changes in saliva secretion have been found to occur in response to dietary change and aging, and these physiological influences can alter the composition and function of saliva in the mouth. Salivary gland dysfunction is associated with different diseases, including Sjögren syndrome, sialadenitis, and iatrogenic disease, due to radiotherapy and medications and is usually reported as a loss of secretory volume, which can range in severity. Defining salivary gland dysfunction by measuring salivary flow rates can be difficult since these vary widely in the healthy population. However, saliva can be sampled noninvasively and repeatedly, which facilitates longitudinal studies of subjects, providing a clearer picture of altered function. The application of omics technologies has revealed changes in saliva composition in many systemic diseases, offering disease biomarkers, but these compositional changes may not be related to salivary gland dysfunction. In Sjögren syndrome, there appears to be a change in the rheology of saliva due to altered mucin glycosylation. Analysis of glandular saliva in diseases or therapeutic interventions causing salivary gland inflammation frequently shows increased electrolyte concentrations and increased presence of innate immune proteins, most notably lactoferrin. Altering nerve-mediated signaling of salivary gland secretion contributes to medication-induced dysfunction and may also contribute to altered saliva composition in neurodegenerative disease.

scholarly journals Epidermal Fatty Acid-Binding Protein: A Novel Marker in the Diagnosis of Dry Eye Disease in Sjögren Syndrome

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (11) ◽  
pp. 3463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megumi Shinzawa ◽  
Murat Dogru ◽  
Seika Den ◽  
Takehiro Ichijima ◽  
Kazunari Higa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Dry Eye ◽  
Fatty Acid Binding Protein ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Sjögren Syndrome ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Sjogren Syndrome ◽  
Fatty Acid Binding ◽  
Acid Binding Protein ◽  
Healthy Control

Purpose: Sjögren syndrome (SS) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease of the lacrimal and salivary glands. This study compared the concentrations of epidermal fatty-acid binding protein (E-FABP) in the saliva, serum, and tears of SS patients with dry eye and dry mouth, with those of healthy adults to investigate the usefulness of E-FABP as a diagnostic marker for SS. Design: Prospective, observational case series. Participants: The subjects were 11 new patients with untreated Sjogren syndrome and 12 healthy control individuals. Methods: The diagnosis of SS was in accordance with the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (Japan) Diagnostic Criteria (1999). Saliva, serum, and tear specimens were collected during internal medicine, dental, and ophthalmological examinations. The ophthalmological tests included the Dry Eye-related Quality of life Score (DEQS), tear break-up time (BUT), vital staining with fluorescein (FS) and lissamine green (LG), and the Schirmer test-1. The E-FABP concentration in the tears, saliva, and serum was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Main outcome measure: The E-FABP concentrations were compared between patients and controls. Results: There were significant differences between the patient and healthy control groups in all ophthalmological test results. There were no significant differences between the groups in the E-FABP concentrations in the saliva (p = 0.1513) or the serum (p = 0.4799), but the E-FABP concentration in the tears significantly differed between groups. The E-FABP concentration in tears tended to be significantly lower in patients with SS (mean, 323.5 ± 325.6 pg/mL) than healthy control subjects (mean, 4076 pg/mL; p = 0.0136). The E-FABP concentration in tears significantly correlated with the results of dry eye parameters. Conclusion: The E-FABP concentration in tears appears to be related to ocular surface epithelial damage and tear stability and may be a promising novel biomarker in the diagnosis of SS.

scholarly journals Changes the Ocular Surface after Corneal Refractive Surgery. Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 344-350
Author(s):  
S. V. Trufanov ◽  
E. V. Sukhanova ◽  
A. A. Tyurina
Keyword(s):  
Dry Eye ◽  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Refractive Surgery ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Functional Results ◽  
Dry Eye Syndrome ◽  
Specificity And Sensitivity ◽  
Surgery Research ◽  
Corneal Refractive Surgery

Modern corneal refractive surgery provides high efficiency, safety, predictability and stability of the different ametropia kinds correction’s clinically-functional results. However, in overwhelming percentage of cases, having spent some time after surgery patients complain about discomfort, eyes dryness, burning, feel gritty, redness, blurred and vision instability. Complaints mentioned above are caused by the appearance of transitory dry eye syndrome. Main etiology and pathogenesis factors of this disease are presented in this review. The results of dry eye syndrome classical diagnosis methods have been analyzed, as well as modern techniques, characterized by high specificity and sensitivity, which allow to increase the dry eye’s diagnostics accuracy. The study of the dry syndrome after corneal refractive surgery is devoted to a huge number of works of domestic and foreign authors. However, at present time there is no unique algorithm for assessing the damage of the ocular surface before and after corneal refractive surgery, which would include a set of high-precision and specific techniques for quickly and reliably evaluate the severity of dry eye syndrome, allowing to develop preventive measures and pathogenetically oriented treatment and, thereby, accelerate rehabilitation of patients after surgery. Research continuation is needed in this direction.

scholarly journals The Effect of Chloroquine on the Development of Dry Eye in Sjögren Syndrome Animal Model

2019 ◽  
Vol 60 (12) ◽  
pp. 3708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun Jung Lee ◽  
Soojung Shin ◽  
Seul-Gi Yoon ◽  
Eun Jeong Cheon ◽  
So-Hyang Chung
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Dry Eye ◽  
Sjögren Syndrome ◽  
Sjogren Syndrome

scholarly journals Prevalence of Novel Candidate Sjogren Syndrome Autoantibodies in the Dry Eye Assessment and Management (DREAM) Study

Cornea ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (11) ◽  
pp. 1425-1430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vatinee Y. Bunya ◽  
Gui-Shuang Ying ◽  
Maureen G. Maguire ◽  
Eric Kuklinski ◽  
Meng C. Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Eye ◽  
Sjögren Syndrome ◽  
Sjogren Syndrome

scholarly journals Massive Demodicosis of the Eyes in a Patient with Sjögren Syndrome: A Case Report

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Ziaja-Sołtys ◽  
Magdalena Kołodziejczyk ◽  
Beata Rymgayłło-Jankowska ◽  
Dominika Wróbel-Dudzińska ◽  
Ewa Suchodoła-Ratajewicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Eye ◽  
Meibomian Gland ◽  
Sjögren Syndrome ◽  
Dry Eye Syndrome ◽  
Ocular Infection ◽  
Sjogren Syndrome ◽  
Corneal Perforation ◽  
Therapeutic Success ◽  
Immune Systems

Abstract Purpose Demodex mites infestation, typically asymptomatic, is a problem for patients with weakened immune systems because it often takes the form of symptomatic, massive infection. The Demodex mites play an important role in the occurrence of a range of eye surface diseases such as Demodex blepharitis, Meibomian gland dysfunctions, conjunctivitis and corneal changes. The ocular infection is closely related to the systemic invasion. Our goal was to minimize infestation and alleviate the symptoms of massive demodicosis so as to prevent further damage to the cornea. Methods Our research note involves a 61-year old woman diagnosed with secondary Sjögren syndrome due to rheumatoid arthritis. On the background of the autoimmune disease, corneal perforation of the left eye occurred that was cured by surgery. Then during the follow-up visit the patient was found (microscopically) massively infected with Demodex mites and the developed symptoms were particularly severe. Results Adequate dry eye syndrome and massive demodicosis therapy significantly reduced the number of Demodex mites and improved the patient’s condition. Conclusion We would like to draw the attention of the physicians of different specialties that special care should be taken with respect to the therapy of dry eye syndrome and ocular demodicosis in patients with immunological disorders to achieve therapeutic success and avoid particularly dangerous consequences of these diseases.

scholarly journals Tear Proteomics Approach to Monitoring Sjögren Syndrome or Dry Eye Disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 1932 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming-Tse Kuo ◽  
Po-Chiung Fang ◽  
Tsai-Ling Chao ◽  
Alexander Chen ◽  
Yu-Hsuan Lai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Eye ◽  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Concentration Ratio ◽  
Sjögren Syndrome ◽  
Dry Eye Disease ◽  
Eye Disease ◽  
Sjogren Syndrome ◽  
Tear Proteins ◽  
Proteomics Approach ◽  
Clinical Indices

Sjögren syndrome (SS) or dry eye disease (DED) is one of the most complicated ocular surface diseases. The goal of this study is to elucidate the relationship of the changes in clinical indices of tear film (TF) homeostasis with respect to tear components to allow for SS-DED monitoring and avoid stably controlled SS-DED patients from re-entering a vicious cycle. This prospective case-control study compared stable SS-DED patients with non-SS-DED control from several aspects, including clinical indices for TF homeostasis, 2 DED diagnostic biomarkers (MMP-9 and lactoferrin), and the proteome of flush tears. Compared with non-SS-DED controls, stably controlled SS-DED subjects had less tear secretion and higher ocular surface inflammation, a higher concentration ratio of tear MMP-9/lactoferrin, a more diverse tear proteome, and lower spectral intensities of lipocalin-1, lacritin, and prolactin-inducible protein among the abundant tear proteins. For stable SS-DED patients, the concentration ratio of tear MMP-9/lactoferrin and the corrected lipocalin-1 signal was positively correlated with ocular inflammation and TF stability, respectively. MMP-9 released from stressed ocular surface epithelium and lipocalin-1 secreted from the energetic lacrimal gland are two tear biomarkers responding well to TF homeostasis. The tear proteomics approach through flush tears is a promising method for monitoring SS-DED patients with a standardized sampling procedure and lactoferrin-corrected analysis.

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