Treatment Outcomes for Older Depressed Patients With Earlier Versus Late Onset of First Depressive Episode: A Sequenced Treatment Alternatives to Relieve Depression (STAR*D) Report

2008 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Andrew Kozel ◽  
Madhukar H. Trivedi ◽  
Stephen R. Wisniewski ◽  
Sachiko Miyahara ◽  
Mustafa M. Husain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Outcomes ◽  
Depressive Episode ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Depressed Patients ◽  
Treatment Alternatives

Age, Age of Onset and Course of Primary Depressive Illness in the Elderly*

1983 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin G. Cole
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Depressive Episode ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Depressive Illness ◽  
Physical Illness ◽  
Course Of Illness

Thirty-eight elderly patients with primary depressive illness (Feighner criteria) were followed up for 7–31 months. In the absence of persistent organic signs and severe physical illness, age of onset (first depressive episode after 60) but not age was significantly related to course of illness. Compared to early onset depressives, late onset depressives were more likely to remain completely well during the follow-up period and less likely to have frequent or disabling relapses.

The Relationship between Genetic and Precipitating Factors in Depressive Illness

1972 ◽  
Vol 121 (560) ◽  
pp. 67-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Pollitt
Keyword(s):  
Index Case ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Depressive Illness ◽  
Precipitating Factors ◽  
Single Episode ◽  
Depressed Patients ◽  
Manic Depressive ◽  
Close Relatives ◽  
Genetically Determined ◽  
The Relationship

Scientific studies of the families of depressed patients have shown that the risk of development of similar illnesses for close relatives is greater when the illness of the index case began relatively early in life than when it began later. These studies have included both manic-depressive and single episode endogeneous depressions, and no account has been taken of the mode of precipitation of the illnesses. It has been postulated that (a) the penetrance of the gene may be lower in those families with late onset of depression, and (b) that depressive illness may be of diverse aetiology, so that genetically determined forms appear earlier in life and those which are not genetically determined occur later (Hopkinson and Ley 1969).

Urinary monoamines and monoamine metabolites in subtypes of unipolar depressive disorder and normal controls

1986 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 541-546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alec Roy ◽  
David Pickar ◽  
Patrice Douillet ◽  
Farouk Karoum ◽  
Markku Linnoila
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Episode ◽  
Major Depressive Episode ◽  
Dysthymic Disorder ◽  
Monoamine Metabolites ◽  
Urinary Catecholamine ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Depressed Patients ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous ◽  
Normal Controls ◽  
Lower Urinary

SynopsisAn examination was made of urinary catecholamine and metabolite outputs in 28 unipolar depressed patients and 25 normal controls. The total group of depressed patients had significantly higher urinary outputs of norepinephrine (NE) and its metabolite normetanephrine (NM), and significantly lower urinary outputs of the dopamine metabolite dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC), than controls. Patients who met DSM-III criteria for a major depressive episode with melancholia (N = 8) had significantly higher urinary outputs of normetanephrine than controls, whereas patients with a major depressive episode without melancholia (N = 7) and dysthymic disorder patients (N = 8) had levels comparable with controls. We postulate that the higher urinary outputs of norepinephrine and its metabolite, normetanephrine, reflect dysregulation of the sympathetic nervous system in depression.

Treatment Outcomes in Depressed Patients

1997 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin Ross ◽  
G Richard Smith ◽  
Brenda M Booth
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Outcomes ◽  
Depressed Patients

Responses to depression in unipolar depressed patients: an investigation of Nolen-Hoeksema's response styles theory

1999 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 1323-1333 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHRISTINE KUEHNER ◽  
IRIS WEBER
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Depressive Episode ◽  
Major Depressive Episode ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Response Styles ◽  
Post Discharge ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Depressed Patients ◽  
Response Styles Theory

Background. The response styles theory suggests that rumination in response to depressed mood exacerbates and prolongs depression, while distraction ameliorates and shortens it. Gender differences in response styles are said to contribute to the observed gender differences in the prevalence of unipolar depression. While empirical support for the theory has been found from a variety of non-clinical studies, its generalizability to clinically depressed patient populations remains unclear.Methods. A cohort of 52 unipolar depressed in-patients was assessed with the Response Styles Questionnaire during in-patient stay (T1) and 4 weeks after discharge (T2). The patients were followed up 4 months after discharge (T3). Clinical assessment included the SCAN-PSE-10.Results. Moderate and statistically significant retest-stabilities for rumination and distraction were found, comparable for patients with stable and changing depression status from T1 to T2. A cross-sectional diagnosis of a major depressive episode was associated with rumination, while gender was not. Post-discharge baseline rumination (T2), adjusted for concurrent depression, predicted follow-up levels of depression (T3), and, in patients who were non-remitted at post-discharge baseline, it predicted presence of a major depressive episode at follow-up (T3). Results on distraction were more ambiguous.Conclusions. Our results suggest that rumination is likely to have a deteriorating impact on the course of clinical episodes of depression in unipolar depressed patients. Larger longitudinal patient studies are needed to validate these findings.

Treatment Outcomes Of Patients With Early-Onset And Late-Onset Intensive Care Unit (ICU) Pneumonia

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimbal D. Ford ◽  
Ernesto G. Scerpella ◽  
Paula Peyrani ◽  
Nadia Z. Haque ◽  
Verna L. Welch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Treatment Outcomes ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Late Onset

Is apathy in late-life depressive illness related to age-at-onset, cognitive function or vascular risk?

2004 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 481-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Indrag K. Lampe ◽  
Thea J. Heeren
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Late Life ◽  
Depressive Illness ◽  
Vascular Risk Factors ◽  
Vascular Risk ◽  
Onset Type ◽  
Depressed Patients

Background: Apathy has been shown to be an important feature of degenerative, vascular or traumatic brain disorder. Its presence is associated with high depression scores, higher age, low performance on frontal tasks, and more severe deep white matter hyperintensities. In late-life depression, lack of interest or motivation are often more prominent than depressed mood, especially in the late-onset type. It was hypothesized that in a heterogeneous sample of elderly depressed patients, apathy is associated with late-onset type of depression, cognitive dysfunction or vascular risk factors.Method: The Apathy Evaluation Scale (AES) was administered to twenty-nine elderly (≥60 years) inpatients with a DSM-IV major depression or dysthymic disorder. The severity of the depression was measured with the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) and cognitive function with the Mini-mental State Examination (MMSE). The presence of vascular risk factors was traced in the patient's medical records.Results: Apathy was found in 86% of the patients. The AES-score was correlated with the negative symptom score, but not with total MADRS or MMSE-score. No difference in AES-score between early-onset depressed (n = 16) and late-onset depressed (n = 13) patients was found, and between patients with or without vascular risk.Conclusion: Apathy is a main feature of moderate to severe depressive illness in elderly patients and related to the negative symptoms of the disorder. Further studies should include less severely depressed patients and investigate the relation between depression severity and apathy.

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