Few innovations in medicine have so convincingly and expeditiously
improved patient outcomes more than the development of the left ventricular
assist device (LVAD). Where optimal pharmacotherapy once routinely failed
those with end-stage disease, the LVAD now offers considerable hope for the
growing advanced heart failure population. Despite improvements in
mortality, however, mechanical circulatory support is not without its
limitations. Those supported with an LVAD are at increased risk of several
complications, including infection, bleeding, stroke and arrhythmic events.
While once considered benign, ventricular arrhythmias in the LVAD patient
are being increasingly recognised for their deleterious influence on patient
morbidity and quality of life. In addition, the often multifactorial
aetiology to these episodes makes treatment difficult and optimal
therapeutic management controversial. Novel strategies are clearly needed to
better predict, prevent, and eradicate these arrhythmias in order to allow
future generations of heart failure patients to reap the full benefits of
LVAD implantation.