Genetic Diversity of Norovirus Infections, Coinfections, and Undernutrition in Children From Brazilian Semiarid Region

The aim of this study was to perform a morphological and morphoagronomic analysis of wild Manihot species from a Brazilian semiarid region for inclusion in the collection at the Center for Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Paraíba. To characterize the 55 accessions, 12 quantitative and 18 qualitative descriptors were used. A dissimilarity matrix was generated by Mahalanobis generalized distance (D²), and clusters were identified by the UPGMA method. It was possible to verify the formation of 8 dissimilar groups based on morphological characters and 5 groups based on morphometric characters, indicating the presence of genetic diversity among accessions. The evaluated morphometric variable with the greatest relative contribution was the length between the central lobe. Based on the dissimilarity matrix, the accessions 16 x 48 were the most genetically distant accessions, followed by 47 x 49. The accessions 4 Monteiro, 16 Soledad, 38 Boa Vista, 3 Pedra Lavrada, 7 Junco, 10 Barra de Santa Rosa, 21 Monteiro, and 39 Junco are the most promising and can be used as parents in breeding programs for this forage species.

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GENETIC DIVERSITY IN ACCESSIONS OF Stylosanthes spp. USING MORPHOAGRONOMIC DESCRIPTORS

Revista Caatinga ◽

10.1590/1983-21252016v29n112rc ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 29 (1) ◽

pp. 101-112

Author(s):

RONALDO SIMÃO DE OLIVEIRA ◽

MANOEL ABÍLIO DE QUEIRÓZ ◽

ROBERTO LISBOA ROMÃO ◽

GRÉCIA CAVALCANTI DA SILVA ◽

BRUNO PORTELA BRASILEIRO

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Plant Breeding ◽

Breeding Programme ◽

Semiarid Region ◽

Interspecific Crosses ◽

Human Populations ◽

Semiarid Environment ◽

Brazilian Semiarid ◽

Overall Evaluation ◽

Plant Breeding Programme

ABSTRACT: The great diversity of plants in the Brazilian Semiarid environment represents a vital natural resource for the human populations of these areas. Many of these plants have been subject to extractivism and among these, the species of the genus Stylosanthes, which have occurrence in this region, show great potential, however, studies on this topic are limited, and little is known about the existing variability among these plants. Therefore, further study is necessary, to facilitate the development of cultivars. This might reduce the scarcity of fodder supply in this region, but to commence a plant breeding programme, it is essential to identify genetic variability. Therefore, this study evaluated 25 accessions of Stylosanthes spp., to identify the most suitable candidates to be parents in a plant breeding programme for the semiarid region of the state of Bahia. Two experiments were carried out in different sites in an experimental design of randomized blocks with four replicates, with a spacing of 3.0 × 8.0 m. A large amount of genetic diversity was observed among accessions and the genotypes BGF 08-007, BGF 08-016, BGF 08-015 and BGF 08-021 were the most divergent in the overall evaluation. For the structuring of segregating populations, it is recommended to combine the genotypes BGF 08-016, BGF 08-015, BGF 08-007 and BGF 08-006, and for the interspecific crosses, a hybrid from the accession BGF-024 with the accessions BGF 08-016 or BGF 08-015. This might generate superior individuals for mass descriptors, which are the most important for animal forage breeding.

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Genetic Diversity and Fine-Scale Genetic Structure in Syagrus oleracea (Mart.) Becc.: A Survivor Palm Species of the Semiarid

Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.5539/jas.v11n6p373 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 373

Author(s):

Luciana Rodrigues de Souza ◽

Helbert Fagundes Soares ◽

Sara Luiza Ramos Ribeiro ◽

Afrânio Farias de Melo Junior ◽

Murilo Malveira Brandão ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Gene Flow ◽

Genetic Structure ◽

Shannon Index ◽

Semiarid Region ◽

Palm Tree ◽

Effective Number ◽

Expected Heterozygosity ◽

Brazilian Semiarid ◽

Palm Species

The species Syagrus oleracea is a native palm tree, present in highly impacted environments of the Brazilian semiarid. This species is exploited for use in the manufacture of folk crafts and for human and animal feeding. The objective of this study was to characterize the diversity and genetic structure of individuals from different populations, located in anthropic regions of the Brazilian semiarid region, in the state of Minas Gerais. This information is important for species management and conservation strategies. Thus, we used ISSR molecular markers in 157 individuals in seven populations of S. oleracea. Looking at the results, one can observe that amplifications of 109 locos occurred and that an average of 18, 17 alleles were found on each primer, values that demonstrated that the ISSR technique used was highly efficient. The genetic diversity indexes were observed, showing expected heterozygosity (He) and Shannon index (I) of 0.260 and 0.383, respectively. The number of alleles observed (na) among populations was 1.954 and the effective number of alleles (ne) was 1,606. Individuals of the populations are genetically structured in groups (demes) in a random and aggregate manner. We obtained the amplification of 109 ISSR loci, with a mean of 18.2 alleles per primer. The genetic diversity indexes revealed expected heterozygosity (He) and Shannon index (I) of 0.260 and 0.383, respectively. The number of alleles observed (na) was 1.954 and the effective number of alleles (ne) was 1.606. The value of the indirect gene flow found was 1.546. Evidence of high levels of kinship in populations was found, possibly due to low migration rates and geographical barrier. In addition, we observed signs of overexploitation in the areas, which consequently leads to a low rate of gene flow, occurring inbreeding among the sampled populations of Syagrus oleracea.

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Nitrogen Stocks in Soil Classes Under Different Land Uses in the Brazilian Semiarid Region

Journal of soil science and plant nutrition ◽

10.1007/s42729-021-00466-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Uemeson José dos Santos ◽

Everardo Valadares de Sá Barretto Sampaio ◽

Eunice Maia de Andrade ◽

Alexandre de Siqueira Pinto ◽

Bruno de Oliveira Dias ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Semiarid Region ◽

Land Uses ◽

Brazilian Semiarid

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Management of water supply systems from interbasin transfers: case study in the Brazilian semiarid region

Urban Water Journal ◽

10.1080/1573062x.2021.1925703 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-12

Author(s):

José Almir Cirilo ◽

Alfredo Ribeiro Neto ◽

Nyadja Menezes Rodrigues Ramos ◽

Carla Fernanda Fortunato ◽

Júlia Daniele Silva de Souza ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Supply ◽

Semiarid Region ◽

Water Supply Systems ◽

Brazilian Semiarid ◽

Interbasin Transfers ◽

Supply Systems

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Spatial distribution and temporal variation of microcrustaceans assembly (Cladocera and Copepoda) in different compartments of a reservoir in the brazilian semiarid region

Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia ◽

10.1590/s2179-975x9616 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 30 (0) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Josiane Souza Santos ◽

Nadson Ressyé Simões ◽

Sérgio Luiz Sonoda

Keyword(s):

Spatial Distribution ◽

Spatial Variation ◽

Temporal Variation ◽

Aquatic Macrophytes ◽

Temporal Dynamics ◽

Lateral Compartment ◽

Spatial And Temporal Variation ◽

Semiarid Region ◽

Brazilian Semiarid ◽

Significant Spatial Variation

Abstract Aim: The objective of this study was to investigate the spatial and temporal variation of microcrustacean assemblages of a reservoir in the Brazilian semiarid region. Methods Physical and chemical water variables and samples of microcrustaceans were collected at eight sites of the reservoir between July 2013 and November 2014, in a total of seven campaigns. For this study, the reservoir was categorized in two compartments: lateral and central. Results Limnological variables showed significant temporal variation (PERMANOVA, Pseudo-F = 19.51, p = 0.001). Higher turbidity values and suspended solids were observed in the rainiest months, while during the dry months, we measured higher values of transparency, dissolved oxygen, and chlorophyll-a. It was not found significant spatial variation of limnological variables (PERMANOVA, Pseudo-F = 0.96; p = 0.394). During the study period, ten species were recorded: four Cladocera (Ceriodaphnia cornuta, Daphnia gessneri, Diaphanosoma birgei and Diaphanosoma spinulosum ) three Copepoda Calanoida (Argyrodiaptomus azevedoi, Notodiaptomus cearensis and Notodiaptomus iheringi) and three Copepoda Cyclopoida (Macrocyclops albidus, Thermocyclops minutus and Thermocyclops decipiens). The microcrustacean assemblages showed significant temporal variation (PERMANOVA, Pseudo-F = 4.34; p = 0.001) as well as significant spatial variation (PERMANOVA, Pseudo-F = 9.46; p = 0.001). The highest values of abundance and richness were observed in the lateral compartment, this result is mainly related to the presence of aquatic macrophytes in this region, because the analysis of partial RDA indicated that limnological variables explained only 11% of this variation (Pseudo-F = 2.08, p = 0.001). Conclusions The results suggest that the seasonality of the semiarid is an important factor in the temporal dynamics of the limnological variables, while the aquatic macrophytes play an important role in the spatial distribution of the microcrustacean assembly.

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