Early archives of genetically-restricted proviral DNA in the female genital tract after heterosexual transmission of HIV-1

AIDS ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Chomont ◽  
Hakim Hocini ◽  
Gérard Grésenguet ◽  
Céline Brochier ◽  
Hicham Bouhlal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genital Tract ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Heterosexual Transmission ◽  
Proviral Dna ◽  
Hiv 1 ◽  
Female Genital

scholarly journals Metagenomic Sequencing of HIV-1 in the Blood and Female Genital Tract Reveals Little Quasispecies Diversity during Acute Infection

2018 ◽  
Vol 93 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Piantadosi ◽  
Catherine A. Freije ◽  
Christina Gosmann ◽  
Simon Ye ◽  
Daniel Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Acute Infection ◽  
Infected Individual ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Heterosexual Transmission ◽  
Metagenomic Sequencing ◽  
Hiv 1 ◽  
Female Genital

ABSTRACTHeterosexual transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is associated with a significant bottleneck in the viral quasispecies population, yet the timing of that bottleneck is poorly understood. We characterized HIV-1 diversity in the blood and female genital tract (FGT) within 2 weeks after detection of infection in three women enrolled in a unique prospective cohort in South Africa. We assembled full-length HIV-1 genomes from matched cervicovaginal lavage (CVL) samples and plasma. Deep sequencing allowed us to identify intrahost single-nucleotide variants (iSNVs) and to characterize within-sample HIV-1 diversity. Our results demonstrated very little HIV-1 diversity in the FGT and plasma by the time viremia was detectable. Within each subject, the consensus HIV-1 sequences were identical in plasma and CVL fluid. No iSNV was present at >6% frequency. One subject had 77 low-frequency iSNVs across both CVL fluid and plasma, another subject had 14 iSNVs in only CVL fluid from the earliest time point, and the third subject had no iSNVs in CVL fluid or plasma. Overall, the small amount of diversity that we detected was greater in the FGT than in plasma and declined over the first 2 weeks after viremia was detectable, compatible with a very early HIV-1 transmission bottleneck. To our knowledge, our study represents the earliest genomic analysis of HIV-1 in the FGT after transmission. Further, the use of metagenomic sequencing allowed us to characterize other organisms in the FGT, including commensal bacteria and sexually transmitted infections, highlighting the utility of the method to sequence both HIV-1 and its metagenomic environment.IMPORTANCEDue to error-prone replication, HIV-1 generates a diverse population of viruses within a chronically infected individual. When HIV-1 is transmitted to a new individual, one or a few viruses establish the new infection, leading to a genetic bottleneck in the virus population. Understanding the timing and nature of this bottleneck may provide insight into HIV-1 vaccine design and other preventative strategies. We examined the HIV-1 population in three women enrolled in a unique prospective cohort in South Africa who were followed closely during the earliest stages of HIV-1 infection. We found very little HIV-1 diversity in the blood and female genital tract during the first 2 weeks after virus was detected in the bloodstream. These results are compatible with a very early HIV-1 population bottleneck, suggesting the need to study the HIV-1 population in the female genital tract before virus is detectable in the bloodstream.

scholarly journals Selenium Deficiency Is Associated With Shedding of HIV-1–Infected Cells in the Female Genital Tract

2001 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 360-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jared M. Baeten ◽  
Sara B. Mostad ◽  
Martin P. Hughes ◽  
Julie Overbaugh ◽  
Daniel D. Bankson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genital Tract ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Selenium Deficiency ◽  
Infected Cells ◽  
Hiv 1 ◽  
Female Genital

HIV-1 infection and the female genital tract

The Lancet ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 348 (9019) ◽  
pp. 59-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Basil Donovan
Keyword(s):  
Genital Tract ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Hiv 1 ◽  
Female Genital

scholarly journals A Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)–Inducing Factor from the Female Genital Tract Activates HIV‐1 Gene Expression through the κB Enhancer

1998 ◽  
Vol 178 (5) ◽  
pp. 1343-1351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lena Al‐Harthi ◽  
Gregory T. Spear ◽  
Farhad B. Hashemi ◽  
Alan Landay ◽  
Beverly E. Sha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv 1 ◽  
Female Genital

Hormonal influence on HIV-1 transmission in the female genital tract: New insights from systems biology

2018 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. e13019
Author(s):  
Haley A. Dupont ◽  
Jeff Lam ◽  
Matthew W. Woods ◽  
Mohammed A. Zahoor ◽  
Charu Kaushic
Keyword(s):  
Systems Biology ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Hormonal Influence ◽  
Hiv 1 ◽  
Female Genital

Differences in HIV-1 pol Sequences From Female Genital Tract and Blood During Antiretroviral Therapy

2003 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Pia De Pasquale ◽  
Andrew J. Leigh Brown ◽  
Susan Cu Uvin ◽  
Jessica Allega-Ingersoll ◽  
Angela M. Caliendo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Hiv 1 ◽  
Female Genital
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