scholarly journals Flight feather moult drives minimum daily heart rate in wild geese

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 20180650 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven J. Portugal ◽  
Craig. R. White ◽  
Jonathan A. Green ◽  
Patrick J. Butler
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Annual Cycle ◽  
Heart Rate Data ◽  
Flight Feather ◽  
Individual Bird ◽  
Data Loggers ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
History Of ◽  
Barnacle Geese ◽  
Wing Moult

Waterfowl undergo an annual simultaneous flight-feather moult that renders them flightless for the duration of the regrowth of the flight feathers. In the wild, this period of flightlessness could restrict the capacity of moulting birds to forage and escape predation. Selection might therefore favour a short moult, but feather growth is constrained and presumably energetically demanding. We therefore tested the hypothesis that for birds that undergo a simultaneous flight-feather moult, this would be the period in the annual cycle with the highest minimum daily heart rates, reflecting these increased energetic demands. Implantable heart rate data loggers were used to record year-round heart rate in six wild barnacle geese ( Branta leucopsis ), a species that undergoes a simultaneous flight-feather moult. The mean minimum daily heart rate was calculated for each individual bird over an 11-month period, and the annual cycle was divided into seasons based on the life-history of the birds. Mean minimum daily heart rate varied significantly between seasons and was significantly elevated during wing moult, to 200 ± 32 beats min −1 , compared to all other seasons of the annual cycle, including both the spring and autumn migrations. The increase in minimum daily heart rate during moult is likely due to feather synthesis, thermoregulation and the reallocation of minerals and protein.

scholarly journals Mechanics Of Flight Feathers: Effects Of Captivity?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven J. Portugal ◽  
Robert L. Nudds ◽  
Jonathan A. Green ◽  
R. McNeil Alexander ◽  
Patrick J. Butler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Round Trip ◽  
Flight Feather ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Cyclical Loading ◽  
Barnacle Geese ◽  
Branta Leucopsis

ABSTRACTFeathers act as aerodynamic cantilevers, and to withstand the prolonged cyclical loading that occurs during flight, feathers must be stiff, lightweight and strong. We experimentally tested the differences in feather structure, primarily stiffness and size, between (a) wild and captive Barnacle Geese Branta leucopsis, and (b) primary feathers dropped during the annual flight feather moult, and those feathers freshly regrown during the moult process. We found that, despite having undergone a 5,000km round-trip migration, flight feathers dropped during moult in the wild geese were stiffer than those measured in the captive geese, both for those dropped during moult and those re-grown. We propose that this may be related to diet or stress in the captive geese.

Trial Implantation of Heart Rate Data Loggers in Pinnipeds

2009 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan A. Green ◽  
Martin Haulena ◽  
Ian L. Boyd ◽  
Don Calkins ◽  
Frances Gulland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Rate Data ◽  
Heart Rate Data ◽  
Data Loggers

scholarly journals Implantation of subcutaneous heart rate data loggers in southern elephant seals (Mirounga leonina)

Polar Biology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (11) ◽  
pp. 2307-2312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laureline L. Chaise ◽  
William Paterson ◽  
Timothy G. Laske ◽  
Susan L. Gallon ◽  
Dominic J. McCafferty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Rate Data ◽  
Mirounga Leonina ◽  
Elephant Seals ◽  
Heart Rate Data ◽  
Data Loggers ◽  
Southern Elephant Seals

scholarly journals Pre-winter fattening and fat loss during wing moult: the annual cycle of fat deposition in captive barnacle geese (branta leucopsis)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven J. Portugal ◽  
Rona A. McGill ◽  
Jonathan A. Green ◽  
Patrick J. Butler
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Annual Cycle ◽  
Deuterium Oxide ◽  
Fat Deposition ◽  
Fat Loss ◽  
Barnacle Geese ◽  
Branta Leucopsis ◽  
Wing Moult ◽  
Winter Fattening

AbstractMany different physiological changes have been observed in wild waterfowl during the flightless stage of wing moult, including a loss of body mass. Previously we established that captive barnacle geese (Branta leucopsis) underwent this characteristic decrease in body mass during their wing moult, even though they had unlimited and unrestricted access to food. In the present study we aimed to determine if this body mass loss during moult comprised mainly a reduction in fat stores, and to ascertain if the captive geese undergo pre-migratory and pre-winter fattening over a similar temporal scale to their wild conspecifics. The non-destructive technique of deuterium oxide isotope dilution was employed to provide repeated measurements of estimated fat deposition from a captive flock of fourteen barnacle geese. Birds were injected with deuterium oxide at 7 distinct intervals for one annual cycle. During the flightless period of the moult, body fat decreased by approximately 40% from the pre-moult value. During late-September and early October, body fat reached its highest point in the annual cycle, both as an absolute value and as a percentage of total body mass. We propose that while the energetic cost of wing moult is not the ultimate cause of fat loss in moulting barnacle geese, the approximate 212 g of fat catabolised during moult would provide sufficient energy to cover the cost of the replacement of the flight feathers, estimated to be 6384 kJ, over an approximate 42 day period. We conclude that the previously recorded increase in metabolism during moult in the geese, led to the use of endogenous fat reserves because the birds reduced rather than increased their food intake rates owing to the increased risk of predation when flightless. We also conclude that captive barnacle geese do undergo pre-winter and pre-migratory fattening, providing further evidence of the innate nature of these fat deposition cycles.

Correlation in the heart rate data

1998 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 141-148
Author(s):  
J. Ulbikas ◽  
A. Čenys ◽  
D. Žemaitytė ◽  
G. Varoneckas
Keyword(s):  
Nonlinear Dynamics ◽  
Experimental Data ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Time Series ◽  
Cardiovascular Function ◽  
Statistical Properties ◽  
Rate Data ◽  
Heart Rate Data ◽  
Dynamical Nature ◽  
Analysis Of Time Series

Variety of methods of nonlinear dynamics have been used for possibility of an analysis of time series in experimental physiology. Dynamical nature of experimental data was checked using specific methods. Statistical properties of the heart rate have been investigated. Correlation between of cardiovascular function and statistical properties of both, heart rate and stroke volume, have been analyzed. Possibility to use a data from correlations in heart rate for monitoring of cardiovascular function was discussed.

Estimation of Dog Emotions by Machine Learning Using Heart Rate Data of Other Dogs

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (0) ◽  
pp. 2P1-M03
Author(s):  
Kotaro SATO ◽  
Kazunori OHNO ◽  
Ryoichiro TAMURA ◽  
Sandeep Kumar NAYAK ◽  
Shotaro KOJIMA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Rate Data ◽  
Heart Rate Data

Abstract P127: Gender and Fitness Status Influence Age-related Decline in Peak Heart Rate Achievement: Insight From the FIT Cohort

Circulation ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 133 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Haitham Ahmed ◽  
Di Zhao ◽  
Eliseo Guallar ◽  
Michael J Blaha ◽  
Clinton A Brawner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Peak Heart Rate ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fitness Level ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Henry Ford ◽  
Exercise Treadmill ◽  
History Of ◽  
Separate Regression

Background: The declines in peak heart rate (HR) and fitness level with age are related; however, whether this association differs based on gender is not well appreciated. In a large cross-sectional cohort of women and men referred for a clinically indicated exercise treadmill test (ETT), we set out to determine whether the decrease in peak HR by age varied by gender (and fitness) in the Henry Ford Exercise Testing (FIT) project. Methods: We analyzed data on 38,196 apparently-healthy patients aged 18-96 [mean age 51 ± 12 yrs, 25% black, 48% women] who completed an ETT. Those with history of coronary heart disease, congestive heart failure, diabetes on medications, atrial fibrillation or flutter, or taking AV nodal blocking medications were excluded. Being “fit” was defined as achieving ≥ the median MET level for each sex/age-decile group. Peak HR vs age was plotted, and regression lines were used to determine the intercept and slope for each group. Results: Men had higher peak HR than women but with a greater decline over time; the respective intercepts and slopes for peak HR estimates were 202.9 and 0.90 for men and 197.3 and 0.80 for women, (p-interaction = 0.023). Fit people also started out with higher peak HR but approached unfit people at higher age groups; respective intercept and slope by fitness status were 203.0 and 0.87 for fit and 194.7 and 0.83 for unfit (p-interaction <0.001). Separate regression lines were generated for categories of fit men/unfit men, fit women/unfit women ( Figure ). Fit and unfit men had similar declines in peak HR with increasing age (slope=0.92); whereas fit women (slope=0.81) had a slightly greater decline in peak HR with increasing age than unfit women (slope=0.73). However, peak absolute HR for fit people still remains higher than for unfit people even into elderly ages. Conclusion: In this cross-sectional cohort of patients referred for a clinical ETT, we found that the age-related decline in peak HR is influenced by both gender and fitness status.

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