scholarly journals VIII—On Diencephalic and Mesencephalic Nuclei and fibre paths in the brains of three deep sea fish

1935 ◽  
Vol 224 (516) ◽  
pp. 361-419 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Cranial Nerves ◽  
Personal Communication ◽  
The Bahamas ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Sea Fish ◽  
External Form

Although a number of excellent papers have appeared on the brains of teleosts in general, very few studies have been reported on the brains of deep sea fish. A paper by Trojan (1906) gives but a superficial survey, while that by Gierse (1904) deals primarily with the external form of the brain, the accessory organs of the brain, and the peripheral cranial nerves. The purpose of this investigation is to present a somewhat detailed description of the cell areas and fibre pathways, especially of the diencephalon and mesencephalon, the object being to determine what modifications have taken place in connection with their unusual environment. Very little is known about the natural history of these fish. In a personal communication concerning them, Professor Burr says, “The Diaphus dumerili were collected by the Bingham Oceanographic Expedition off the Cat Islands, the Bahamas, in 1927. Of these there are six specimens, Bingham Collection Nos. 9, 21, 36, 37, 38, and 39. The two Saurida suspicio , Bingham Collection Nos. 19 and 40, were collected also off Gat Island, the Bahamas. The Bathypterois articolar phenox is a very rare specimen; it was collected at N. 20°— 16' W. 71°— 18', at a depth of from 900—945 fathoms, also in 1927.”

scholarly journals Chagasic meningoencephalitis in the immunodeficient

1998 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
LAZO JAVIER ◽  
ANTONIO CARLOS OLIVEIRA MENESES ◽  
ADEMIR ROCHA ◽  
MARCELO SIMÃO FERREIRA ◽  
JAIME OLAVO MARQUEZ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Chagas Disease ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Brain Pathology ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Brain

Based on their own experience and on the literature, the authors compare the brain pathology due to HIV+ associated Trypanosoma cruzi reactived infection to that described for the natural history of the Chagas' disease (CD). The peculiar focal necrotizing chagasic meningoencephalitis (MECNF) which appears only in immunedeficient chagasics, especially when the deficiency is due HIV is a safe criterion for reactivation of CD. MECNF morphologic findings are unlike to those found either for some cases of acute phase CD or for chronic nervous form of CD.

Advances in Radiosurgery for Arteriovenous Malformations of the Brain

Neurosurgery ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 74 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. S50-S59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin A. Rubin ◽  
Andrew Brunswick ◽  
Howard Riina ◽  
Douglas Kondziolka
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Stereotactic Radiosurgery ◽  
Endovascular Therapy ◽  
Arteriovenous Malformations ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformations ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Management Algorithms

Abstract Arteriovenous malformations of the brain are a considerable source of morbidity and mortality for patients who harbor them. Although our understanding of this disease has improved, it remains in evolution. Advances in our ability to treat these malformations and the modes by which we address them have also improved substantially. However, the variety of patient clinical and disease scenarios often leads us into challenging and complex management algorithms as we balance the risks of treatment against the natural history of the disease. The goal of this article is to provide a focused review of the natural history of cerebral arteriovenous malformations, to examine the role of stereotactic radiosurgery, to discuss the role of endovascular therapy as it relates to stereotactic radiosurgery, and to look toward future advances.

scholarly journals Renal Cell Carcinoma Metastatic to the Scalp

Rare Tumors ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 139-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mounir Errami ◽  
Vitali Margulis ◽  
Sergio Huerta
Keyword(s):  
Renal Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Overall Survival ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Bone Metastases ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Renal Cell ◽  
Metastatic Lesions ◽  
History Of ◽  
Rare Site ◽  
The Brain

Because of the asymptomatic natural history of renal cell carcinoma (RCC), by the time a diagnosis is made, metastatic disease is present in about one third of the cases. Thus, the overall survival of patients with RCC remains poor. Ultimately up to 50% of patients with RCC will develop metastases. Metastatic lesions from RCC are usually observed in the lungs, liver or bone. Metastases to the brain or the skin from RCC are rare. Here we present a patient diagnosed with RCC, found to have no evidence of metastases at the time of nephrectomy, who presented two years later with metastases to the scalp. We review the literature of patients with this rare site of metastasis and outline the overall prognosis of this lesion compared to other site of metastases from RCC.

Natural history of cavernous malformations of the brain

2002 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 171-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iman Feiz-Erfan ◽  
Joseph M. Zabramski ◽  
Giuseppe Lanzino ◽  
Randall W. Porter
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Cavernous Malformations ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Brain

The footprints of neuroscience in Alexandria during the 3rd-century BC: Herophilus and Erasistratus

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 186-194
Author(s):  
Maria Ioanna Stefanou
Keyword(s):  
Neurological Disease ◽  
Cranial Nerves ◽  
Sensory Nerves ◽  
Hellenistic Period ◽  
Physiological Properties ◽  
Brain Sciences ◽  
History Of ◽  
Human Dissection ◽  
Human Intellect ◽  
The Brain

In the first half of the 3rd-century BC in Alexandria, the Greek physicians Herophilus of Chalcedon (ca. 330 to ca. 260 BC) and Erasistratus of Chios (ca. 315 to ca. 240 BC) became the first scientists in antiquity to comprehensively study the anatomical underpinnings and the physiological properties of mind processes. Their scientific theories were based on experimental evidence arising from anatomical human dissection studies. Among their neuroscientific achievements were the discovery of the cranial nerves, the meninges, the dural sinuses and the ventricles; the delineation of the motor and sensory nerves; the appraisal of the brain as the seat of consciousness and human intellect; and the attribution of neurological disease to dysfunction of the nervous system. This paper will discuss the short-lived historical circumstances that enabled the ground-breaking progress in the domain of brain sciences during the Hellenistic period. In addition, this paper will examine the intriguing social, political and cultural interplays that determined the resonance of Herophilus and Erasistratus’s work and influenced the course of history of neuroscience.

Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysms and Vascular Malformations

2021 ◽  
pp. 429-439
Author(s):  
Robert D. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Intracranial Aneurysms ◽  
Vascular Malformations ◽  
Death Rates ◽  
Vascular Abnormalities ◽  
Epidemiologic Factors ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysms ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Brain

Knowledge of the natural history of unruptured intracranial aneurysms and vascular malformations of the brain is important because this information can be weighed against the morbidity and death rates of intervention to decide on the most appropriate treatment of an individual patient. This chapter reviews the epidemiologic factors and natural history of common intracranial vascular abnormalities.

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