scholarly journals Low–temperature sensors in bacteria

2002 ◽  
Vol 357 (1423) ◽  
pp. 887-893 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sofia Eriksson ◽  
Reini Hurme ◽  
Mikael Rhen
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Chemical Change ◽  
Temperature Sensors ◽  
Bacterial Virulence ◽  
Structural Alterations ◽  
Sensory Event ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Gene Response ◽  
Regulatory Cascades ◽  
Main Factor

Bacteria are ubiquitous colonizers of various environments and host organisms, and they are therefore often subjected to drastic temperature alterations. Temperature alterations set demands on these colonizers, in that the bacteria need to readjust their biochemical constitution and physiology in order to survive and resume growth at the new temperature. Furthermore, temperature alteration is also a main factor determining the expression or repression of bacterial virulence functions. To cope with temperature variation, bacteria have devices for sensing temperature alterations and a means of translating this sensory event into a pragmatic gene response. While such regulatory cascades may ultimately be complicated, it appears that they contain primary sensor machinery at the top of the cascade. The functional core of such machinery is usually that of a temperature–induced conformational or physico–chemical change in the central constituents of the cell. In a sense, a bacterium can use structural alterations in its biomolecules as the primary thermometers or thermostats.

Superconducting Wind Generators with Capacities of 10 MW and Larger

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 59-67
Author(s):  
Victor N. ANTIPOV ◽  
◽  
Andrey D. GROZOV ◽  
Anna V. IVANOVA ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Superconducting Materials ◽  
Commercial Application ◽  
Synchronous Generators ◽  
High Temperature Superconducting ◽  
Wind Generators ◽  
Main Factor

The overall dimensions and mass of wind power units with capacities larger than 10 MW can be improved and their cost can be decreased by developing and constructing superconducting synchronous generators. The article analyzes foreign conceptual designs of superconducting synchronous generators based on different principles: with the use of high- and low-temperature superconductivity, fully superconducting or only with a superconducting excitation system, and with the use of different materials (MgB2, Bi2223, YBCO). A high cost of superconducting materials is the main factor impeding commercial application of superconducting generators. In view of the state of the art in the technology for manufacturing superconductors and their cost, a conclusion is drawn, according to which a synchronous gearless superconducting wind generator with a capacity of 10 MW with the field winding made of a high-temperature superconducting material (MgB2, Bi-2223 or YBCO) with the «ferromagnetic stator — ferromagnetic rotor» topology, with the stator diameter equal to 7—9 m, and with the number of poles equal to 32—40 has prospects for its practical use in the nearest future.

scholarly journals Croonian lecture.—Observations on isolated nerve. Electrical changes a measure of physico-chemical change

1896 ◽  
Vol 59 (353-358) ◽  
pp. 308-312
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Change ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Chemical Conditions

The present investigation arises from experiments undertaken to determine autographically the varying relations between the magnitude of electrical change and the magnitude of stimulation in nerve under various chemical conditions.

Single superconducting quantum interference device multiplexer for arrays of low-temperature sensors

2001 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 371-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jongsoo Yoon ◽  
John Clarke ◽  
J. M. Gildemeister ◽  
Adrian T. Lee ◽  
M. J. Myers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Quantum Interference ◽  
Temperature Sensors ◽  
Superconducting Quantum Interference Device ◽  
Superconducting Quantum Interference

scholarly journals A Physico-chemical Change of Dissolving Pulp by Dry Milling and Fractionation

2015 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 23-32
Author(s):  
Taeyoung Kim ◽  
Songmin Lee ◽  
Yongdae Heo ◽  
Jinyoung Kim ◽  
Yangjin Joung
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Change ◽  
Dissolving Pulp ◽  
Dry Milling ◽  
Physico Chemical

Efficient Assessment of Physico-Chemical Properties of the Cryolite Melts for Research on the Improvement of Low-Temperature Aluminum Electrolysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 284 ◽  
pp. 839-844 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.A. Lebedev ◽  
Andrey A. Shoppert
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Aluminum Electrolysis ◽  
Total Power ◽  
Potassium Cryolite ◽  
High Magnitude ◽  
Rate Of Dissolution ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Hazardous Production ◽  
High Level

Modern aluminum electrolysis in cryolite-alumina melts is energy-intensive, inefficient and environmentally hazardous production. Addressing these significant shortcomings, the technology of low-temperature electrolyte is directed. The basis of low-temperature electrolysis is potassium cryolite, which results in high magnitude and rate of dissolution of alumina. Additive of sodium and lithium fluorides provide the necessary conductivity. Experimental investigation of these properties is extremely time consuming. In this work, as a parameter, which will allow to characterize effectively and rapidly the complexing ability of cryolite melts, the ratio of cationic ion power of Al3+ to the total power of the other cations of the melt is proposed. Regression analyses of the known experimental data establish the existence with a high level of reliability (R2=0.966-0.995) of a directly proportional dependence of this parameter on solubility of alumina and electrical conductivity of cryolite melts.

scholarly journals Research on Physico-Chemical Properties of Diethyl Ether/Linseed Oil Blends for the Use as Fuel in Diesel Engines

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 6564
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Górski ◽  
Ruslans Smigins ◽  
Rafał Longwic
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Diethyl Ether ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Kinematic Viscosity ◽  
Linseed Oil ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Fuel Blends ◽  
Physico Chemical

Physico-chemical properties of diethyl ether/linseed oil (DEE/LO) fuel blends were empirically tested in this article for the first time. In particular, kinematic viscosity (ν), density (ρ), lower heating value (LHV), cold filter plugging point (CFPP) and surface tension (σ) were examined. For this research diethyl ether (DEE) was blended with linseed oil (LO) in volumetric ratios of 10%, 20% and 30%. Obtained results were compared with literature data of diethyl ether/rapeseed oil (DEE/RO) fuel blends get in previous research in such a way looking on differences also between oil types. It was found that DEE impacts significantly on the reduction of plant oil viscosity, density and surface tension and improve low temperature properties of tested oils. In particular, the addition of 10% DEE to LO effectively reduces its kinematic viscosity by 53% and even by 82% for the blend containing 30% DEE. Tested ether reduces density and surface tension of LO up to 6% and 25% respectively for the blends containing 30% DEE. The measurements of the CFPP showed that DEE significantly improves the low temperature properties of LO. In the case of the blend containing 30% DEE the CFPP can be lowered up to −24 °C. For this reason DEE/LO blends seem to be valuable as a fuel for diesel engines in the coldest season of the year. Moreover, DEE/LO blends have been tested in the engine research. Based on results it can be stated that the engine operated with LO results in worse performance compared with regular diesel fuel (DF). However, it was found that these disadvantages could be reduced with DEE as a component of the fuel mixture. Addition of this ether to LO improves the quality of obtained fuel blends. For this reason, the efficiency of DEE/LO blend combustion process is similar for the engine fuelled with regular diesel fuel. In this research it was confirmed that the smoke opacity reaches the highest value for the engine fuelled with plant oils. However, addition of 20% DEE reduces this emission to the value comparable for the engine operated with diesel fuel.

scholarly journals Highly sensitive and precise optical temperature sensors based on new luminescent Tb3+/Eu3+ tetrakis complexes with imidazolic counterions

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 1988-1995
Author(s):  
Lucca B. Guimarães ◽  
Alexandre M. P. Botas ◽  
Maria C. F. C. Felinto ◽  
Rute A. S. Ferreira ◽  
Luis D. Carlos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Yield ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Temperature Sensors ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
High Emission ◽  
Yield Values ◽  
Emission Quantum Yield

Precise optical temperature sensors based on luminescent Tb3+:Eu3+ tetrakis complexes with imidazolic counterions with high emission quantum yield values and low temperature uncertainty.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document