scholarly journals Research on Physico-Chemical Properties of Diethyl Ether/Linseed Oil Blends for the Use as Fuel in Diesel Engines

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 6564
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Górski ◽  
Ruslans Smigins ◽  
Rafał Longwic
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Diethyl Ether ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Kinematic Viscosity ◽  
Linseed Oil ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Fuel Blends ◽  
Physico Chemical

Physico-chemical properties of diethyl ether/linseed oil (DEE/LO) fuel blends were empirically tested in this article for the first time. In particular, kinematic viscosity (ν), density (ρ), lower heating value (LHV), cold filter plugging point (CFPP) and surface tension (σ) were examined. For this research diethyl ether (DEE) was blended with linseed oil (LO) in volumetric ratios of 10%, 20% and 30%. Obtained results were compared with literature data of diethyl ether/rapeseed oil (DEE/RO) fuel blends get in previous research in such a way looking on differences also between oil types. It was found that DEE impacts significantly on the reduction of plant oil viscosity, density and surface tension and improve low temperature properties of tested oils. In particular, the addition of 10% DEE to LO effectively reduces its kinematic viscosity by 53% and even by 82% for the blend containing 30% DEE. Tested ether reduces density and surface tension of LO up to 6% and 25% respectively for the blends containing 30% DEE. The measurements of the CFPP showed that DEE significantly improves the low temperature properties of LO. In the case of the blend containing 30% DEE the CFPP can be lowered up to −24 °C. For this reason DEE/LO blends seem to be valuable as a fuel for diesel engines in the coldest season of the year. Moreover, DEE/LO blends have been tested in the engine research. Based on results it can be stated that the engine operated with LO results in worse performance compared with regular diesel fuel (DF). However, it was found that these disadvantages could be reduced with DEE as a component of the fuel mixture. Addition of this ether to LO improves the quality of obtained fuel blends. For this reason, the efficiency of DEE/LO blend combustion process is similar for the engine fuelled with regular diesel fuel. In this research it was confirmed that the smoke opacity reaches the highest value for the engine fuelled with plant oils. However, addition of 20% DEE reduces this emission to the value comparable for the engine operated with diesel fuel.

Efficient Assessment of Physico-Chemical Properties of the Cryolite Melts for Research on the Improvement of Low-Temperature Aluminum Electrolysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 284 ◽  
pp. 839-844 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.A. Lebedev ◽  
Andrey A. Shoppert
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Aluminum Electrolysis ◽  
Total Power ◽  
Potassium Cryolite ◽  
High Magnitude ◽  
Rate Of Dissolution ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Hazardous Production ◽  
High Level

Modern aluminum electrolysis in cryolite-alumina melts is energy-intensive, inefficient and environmentally hazardous production. Addressing these significant shortcomings, the technology of low-temperature electrolyte is directed. The basis of low-temperature electrolysis is potassium cryolite, which results in high magnitude and rate of dissolution of alumina. Additive of sodium and lithium fluorides provide the necessary conductivity. Experimental investigation of these properties is extremely time consuming. In this work, as a parameter, which will allow to characterize effectively and rapidly the complexing ability of cryolite melts, the ratio of cationic ion power of Al3+ to the total power of the other cations of the melt is proposed. Regression analyses of the known experimental data establish the existence with a high level of reliability (R2=0.966-0.995) of a directly proportional dependence of this parameter on solubility of alumina and electrical conductivity of cryolite melts.

Enhancing Diesel Engine Performance and Reducing Emissions Using Binary Biodiesel Fuel Blend

2019 ◽  
Vol 142 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paramvir Singh ◽  
S. R. Chauhan ◽  
Varun Goel ◽  
Ashwani K. Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Biodiesel Fuel ◽  
Injection Timing ◽  
Fuel Blend ◽  
Fuel Blends ◽  
Fuel Mixing ◽  
Ci Engines

Fossil fuel consumption provides a negative impact on the human health and environment in parallel with the decreased availability of this valuable natural resource for the future generations to use as a source of chemical energy for all applications in energy, power, and propulsion. The diesel fuel consumption in the transport sector is higher than the gasoline in most developing countries for reasons of cost and economy. Biodiesel fuel offers a good replacement for diesel fuel in compression ignition (CI) diesel engines. Earlier investigations by the authors revealed that a blend of 70% amla seed oil biodiesel and 30% eucalyptus oil (AB70EU30) is the favorable alternative renewable fuel blend that can be used as a fuel in diesel engines. With any fuel, air/fuel mixing and mixture preparation impact efficiency, emissions, and performance in CI engines. Minor adjustments in engine parameters to improve air/fuel mixing and combustion are deployable approaches to achieve good performance with alternative fuel blends in CI engines. This paper provides the role of a minor modification to engine parameters (compression ratio, injection timing, and injection pressure) on improved performance using the above mixture of binary fuel blends (AB70EU30). The results showed that the use of AB70EU30 in modified engine resulted in higher brake thermal efficiency and lower brake specific fuel consumption compared to normal diesel for improved combustion that also resulted in very low tailpipe emissions.

Characteristics of performance and emissions in high-speed direct injection diesel engine fueled with diethyl ether/diesel fuel blends

Energy ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 214-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitrios C. Rakopoulos ◽  
Constantine D. Rakopoulos ◽  
Evangelos G. Giakoumis ◽  
Athanasios M. Dimaratos
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Diethyl Ether ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Direct Injection Diesel Engine ◽  
Fuel Blends ◽  
Performance And Emissions

Effects of dimethyl carbonate fuel additive on diesel engine performances

2005 ◽  
Vol 219 (7) ◽  
pp. 897-903 ◽  
Author(s):  
G D Zhang ◽  
H Liu ◽  
X X Xia ◽  
W G Zhang ◽  
J H Fang
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Dimethyl Carbonate ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Fuel Additive ◽  
High Oxygen Content ◽  
Combustion Duration ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The physical and chemical properties of some oxygenated compounds are discussed, including dimethoxymethane (methylal, or DMM), dimethyl carbonate (DMC), and ethyl acetate. In particular, DMC may be a promising additive for diesel fuel owing to its high oxygen content, no carbon-carbon atomic bonds, suitable boiling point, and solubility in diesel fuel. The aim of this research was to study the combustion characteristics and performance of diesel engines operating on diesel fuel mixed with DMC. The experimental results have shown that particulate matter (PM) emissions can be reduced using the DMC oxygenated compound. The combustion analysis indicated that the ignition delay of the engine fuelled with DMC-diesel blended fuel is longer, but combustion duration is much shorter, and the thermal efficiency is increased compared with that of a base diesel engine. Further, if injection is also delayed, NOx emissions can be reduced while PM emissions are still reduced significantly. The experimental study found that diesel engines fuelled with DMC additive had improved combustion and emission performances.

scholarly journals Impact of diethyl ether in blends with diesel fuel on acceleration process of the diesel engine

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 411-414
Author(s):  
Wincenty Lotko ◽  
Krzysztof Górski ◽  
Jerzy Stobiecki
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Diethyl Ether ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Acceleration Process ◽  
Engine Fuel

The paper presents results of the crankshaft acceleration process of the diesel engine fuelled with diesel oil - diethyl ether blends. In particular mixtures of diesel fuel with addition of 5, 10, 15 and 20 % by volume were tested. Results confirmed that DEE addition has negative impact on acceleration process of the AD3.152 engine. However it should be pointed that tests were carried out for nominal settings of the engine fuel injection system. It means that these settings were not optimal for tested blends with different physico-chemical properties compared to regular diesel fuel.

scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF THE KINEMATIC VISCOSITY AND DENSITY OF THE MIXTURE OF DIESEL WITH ETHANOL AND DODECANOL

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (50) ◽  
pp. 144-152
Author(s):  
KRZEMIŃSKI A ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Ethyl Alcohol ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Kinematic Viscosity ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
The Other ◽  
Butyl Ether ◽  
Renewable Sources

The most popular group of alternative fuels is that derived from renewable sources. This group of fuels includes: vegetable oils and their derivatives (for example, esters of higher carboxylic acids) alcohols (for example, ethanol and methanol) ethers (for example, methyl tert-butyl ether, ethyl tert-butyl ether) liquid biomass processing products ( synthetic fuel). Among this group, the most interesting are alcohols, especially ethanol. This is due to the fact that ethanol has better physicochemical properties than methanol. It can be produced from renewable sources and the manufacturing process is not complicated. Drinking alcohol also reduces emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) and toxic compounds such as particulate matter and nitrogen oxides (NOx) from diesel engines. By using alternative fuels, costly engine design changes can be avoided and only regulatory changes can be made. The miscibility of ethanol with diesel is influenced by water content and temperature. At a temperature of about 10 ° C, the mixture stratifies. One additive that can be used as a stabilizer for an ethanol-diesel mixture is dodecanol (C12H26). It is obtained by reduction of methyl esters. Dodecanol is solid at a temperature of 24 ° C, insoluble in water and mixes well with diesel fuel and ethyl alcohol. In order for this type of fuel to be used to power diesel engines, it is necessary to know their physicochemical properties, since they have a significant impact on the correct operation of the internal combustion engine, operational parameters and the purity of exhaust gases into the environment. The addition of ethanol to diesel fuel affects key properties such as kinematic viscosity and density. Viscosity affects the atomization and atomization characteristics of the combustion chamber. According to Soter, a lower viscosity value leads to smaller droplet diameters, thus increasing the surface area of the droplets significantly affects the evaporation time of the droplets. Taking into account the processes occurring in the injection systems, the choice of fuel with the optimal viscosity should be a compromise option. On the one hand, the increase in viscosity is favorable due to the efficiency and pressure in the high-pressure pumps and the lubrication conditions of the moving interacting elements of the injection system, but on the other hand, it leads to an increase in energy for pumping fuel into the supply system. On the other hand, an increase in density leads to an increase in particulate emissions. Low density is associated with lower heating value. This will affect the degradation of power and torque. In such a case, in order to reduce the difference, the fuel dose should be increased, the fuel consumption will be increased and the beneficial effect of low fuel density on the reduction of particulate matter emissions will be eliminated. The article presents the results of the study of the issue substantiated the need to measure the kinematic viscosity and density of mixtures of diesel fuel with ethanol and dodecanol. The results of the viscosity measurements can be used to determine the injection parameters and the macrostructure of the atomized fuel flow. KEY WORDS: DIESEL FUEL, ALTERNATIVE FUEL, ETHYL ALCOHOL, DODECANOL, KINETIC VISCOSITY

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