Differential permissivity to measles virus infection of human and CD46-transgenic murine lymphocytes

Analysis of measles virus (MV) pathogenesis requires the development of an adequate small animal model of MV infection. In this study, permissivity to MV infection was compared in human and transgenic murine T lymphocytes, expressing different levels of the human MV receptor, CD46. Whereas MV binding and entry correlated with CD46 expression, higher levels of MV replication were always observed in human T lymphocytes. This suggests the existence of intracellular factors, acting posterior to virus entry, that could limit MV replication in murine lymphocytes and should be considered when creating new animal models of MV infection.

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A NEW SMALL ANIMAL MODEL DEMONSTRATES THAT T-LYMPHOCYTES ARE ESSENTIAL FOR REJECTION OF VASCULARIZED CARDIAC CONCORDANT XENOGRAFTS

Transplantation Journal ◽

10.1097/00007890-199806270-00500 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 65 (12) ◽

pp. S123

Author(s):

Masayuki Ohbatake ◽

Stephen G Kimmel ◽

Michelle M Kushida ◽

Ian D Clarke ◽

Peter CW Kim

Keyword(s):

Animal Model ◽

T Lymphocytes ◽

Small Animal ◽

Small Animal Model

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Of mice, rats, and men: Small animal model of hepatitis C virus infection

Hepatology ◽

10.1002/hep.29765 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 68 (1) ◽

pp. 374-376

Author(s):

Arash Grakoui ◽

Christopher M. Walker

Keyword(s):

Animal Model ◽

Hepatitis C Virus ◽

Hepatitis C ◽

Virus Infection ◽

Small Animal ◽

Hepatitis C Virus Infection ◽

Small Animal Model

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A model of brain abscess: septic homologous blood clot emboli in rats

Journal of Neurosurgery ◽

10.3171/jns.1986.64.1.0125 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 64 (1) ◽

pp. 125-127 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Hiroshi Matsuura ◽

Motoshige Kudo ◽

Yukio Ikeda ◽

Kazuo Isayama ◽

Shozo Nakazawa

Keyword(s):

Animal Model ◽

Animal Models ◽

Blood Clot ◽

Small Animal ◽

Small Animal Model ◽

Homologous Blood ◽

Content Type ◽

Therapeutic Procedures ◽

Brain Abscesses ◽

Fine Print

✓ Brain abscesses in rats were produced by intra-arterial injection of septic homologous blood clot emboli. The production rate was 100% and the histopathological features closely resembled those seen in other animal models and in spontaneously occurring brain abscesses in humans. This small-animal model may be useful for systematic study of the development of brain abscesses as well as for evaluation of various therapeutic procedures.

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Progress Toward a Human CD4/CCR5 Transgenic Rat Model for De Novo Infection by Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1

Journal of Experimental Medicine ◽

10.1084/jem.20011549 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 195 (6) ◽

pp. 719-736 ◽

Cited By ~ 75

Author(s):

Oliver T. Keppler ◽

Frank J. Welte ◽

Tuan A. Ngo ◽

Peggy S. Chin ◽

Kathryn S. Patton ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Animal Model ◽

T Lymphocytes ◽

Small Animal ◽

Receptor Complex ◽

Gene Products ◽

Small Animal Model ◽

Transgenic Rats ◽

Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Hiv 1

The development of a permissive small animal model for the study of human immunodeficiency virus type (HIV)-1 pathogenesis and the testing of antiviral strategies has been hampered by the inability of HIV-1 to infect primary rodent cells productively. In this study, we explored transgenic rats expressing the HIV-1 receptor complex as a susceptible host. Rats transgenic for human CD4 (hCD4) and the human chemokine receptor CCR5 (hCCR5) were generated that express the transgenes in CD4+ T lymphocytes, macrophages, and microglia. In ex vivo cultures, CD4+ T lymphocytes, macrophages, and microglia from hCD4/hCCR5 transgenic rats were highly susceptible to infection by HIV-1 R5 viruses leading to expression of abundant levels of early HIV-1 gene products comparable to those found in human reference cultures. Primary rat macrophages and microglia, but not lymphocytes, from double-transgenic rats could be productively infected by various recombinant and primary R5 strains of HIV-1. Moreover, after systemic challenge with HIV-1, lymphatic organs from hCD4/hCCR5 transgenic rats contained episomal 2–long terminal repeat (LTR) circles, integrated provirus, and early viral gene products, demonstrating susceptibility to HIV-1 in vivo. Transgenic rats also displayed a low-level plasma viremia early in infection. Thus, transgenic rats expressing the appropriate human receptor complex are promising candidates for a small animal model of HIV-1 infection.

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Syrian hamster as an animal model for the study of human influenza virus infection

Journal of Virology ◽

10.1128/jvi.01693-17 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. JVI.01693-17 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Kiyoko Iwatsuki-Horimoto ◽

Noriko Nakajima ◽

Yurie Ichiko ◽

Yuko Sakai-Tagawa ◽

Takeshi Noda ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Animal Model ◽

Virus Infection ◽

H1n1 Virus ◽

Influenza Virus Infection ◽

Small Animal ◽

Influenza Viruses ◽

Human Influenza ◽

Small Animal Model ◽

Syrian Hamsters ◽

B Virus

Ferrets and mice are frequently used as animal models for influenza research. However, ferrets are demanding in terms of housing space and handling, whereas mice are not naturally susceptible to infection with human influenza A or B viruses. Therefore, prior adaptation of human viruses is required for their use in mice. In addition, there are no mouse-adapted variants of the recent H3N2 viruses, because these viruses do not replicate well in mice. In this study, we investigated the susceptibility of Syrian hamsters to influenza viruses with a view to using them as an alternative animal model to mice. We found that hamsters are sensitive to influenza viruses, including the recent H3N2 viruses, without adaptation. Although the hamsters did not show weight loss or clinical signs of H3N2 virus infection, we observed pathogenic effects in the respiratory tracts of the infected animals. All of the H3N2 viruses tested replicated in the respiratory organs of the hamsters, and some of them were detected in the nasal washes of infected animals. Moreover, a pdm09 and a seasonal H1N1 virus, as well as one of the two H3N2 viruses, but not a type B virus, were airborne transmissible in these hamsters. Hamsters thus have potential as a small animal model for the study of influenza virus infection, including studies of the pathogenicity of H3N2 viruses and other strains, as well as H1N1 virus transmission studies.IMPORTANCEWe found that Syrian hamsters are susceptible to human influenza viruses, including the recent H3N2 viruses, without adaptation. We also found that a pdm09 and a seasonal H1N1 virus, as well as one of the H3N2 viruses, but not a type B virus tested are airborne transmitted in these hamsters. Syrian hamsters thus have potential as a small animal model for the study of human influenza viruses.

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