scholarly journals Characterization of the marine propionate-degrading, sulfate-reducing bacterium Desulfofaba fastidiosa sp. nov. and reclassification of Desulfomusa hansenii as Desulfofaba hansenii comb. nov.

2004 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 393-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lone Abildgaard ◽  
Niels Birger Ramsing ◽  
Kai Finster
Keyword(s):  
Small Subunit ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Dissimilatory Sulfite Reductase ◽  
Small Subunit Rdna ◽  
Reductase Gene ◽  
Morphological And Physiological Traits ◽  
Dissimilatory Sulfite Reductase Gene

A rod-shaped, slightly curved sulfate reducer, designated strain P2T, was isolated from the sulfate–methane transition zone of a marine sediment. Cells were motile by means of a single polar flagellum. The strain reduced sulfate, thiosulfate and sulfite to sulfide and used propionate, lactate and 1-propanol as electron donors. Strain P2T also grew by fermentation of lactate. Propionate was oxidized incompletely to acetate and CO2. The DNA G+C content was 48·8mol%. Sequence analysis of the small-subunit rDNA and the dissimilatory sulfite reductase gene revealed that strain P2T was related to the genera Desulfonema, Desulfococcus, Desulfosarcina, ‘Desulfobotulus’, Desulfofaba, Desulfomusa and Desulfofrigus. These genera include incomplete as well as complete oxidizers of substrates. Strain P2T shared important morphological and physiological traits with Desulfofaba gelida and Desulfomusa hansenii, including the ability to oxidize propionate incompletely to acetate. The 16S rRNA gene similarities of P2T to Desulfofaba gelida and Desulfomusa hansenii were respectively 92·9 and 91·5%. Combining phenotypic and genotypic traits, we propose strain P2T to be a member of the genus Desulfofaba. The name Desulfofaba fastidiosa sp. nov. (type strain P2T=DSM 15249T=ATCC BAA-815T) is proposed, reflecting the limited number of substrates consumed by the strain. In addition, the reclassification of Desulfomusa hansenii as a member of the genus Desulfofaba, Desulfofaba hansenii comb. nov., is proposed. A common line of descent and a number of shared phenotypic traits support this reclassification.

scholarly journals Congruent Phylogenies of Most Common Small-Subunit rRNA and Dissimilatory Sulfite Reductase Gene Sequences Retrieved from Estuarine Sediments

2001 ◽  
Vol 67 (7) ◽  
pp. 3314-3318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Joulian ◽  
Niels B. Ramsing ◽  
Kjeld Ingvorsen
Keyword(s):  
Target Genes ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Estuarine Sediments ◽  
Sulfite Reductase ◽  
Small Subunit Rrna ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Dissimilatory Sulfite Reductase ◽  
Phylogenetic Affiliation ◽  
Reductase Gene ◽  
Reducing Bacteria

ABSTRACT The diversity of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) in brackish sediment was investigated using small-subunit rRNA and dissimilatory sulfite reductase (DSR) gene clone libraries and cultivation. The phylogenetic affiliation of the most commonly retrieved clones for both genes was strikingly similar and producedDesulfosarcina variabilis-like sequences from the inoculum but Desulfomicrobium baculatum-like sequences from a high dilution in natural media. Related organisms were subsequently cultivated from the site. PCR bias appear to be limited (or very similar) for the two primersets and target genes. However, the DSR primers showed a much higher phylogenetic specificity. DSR gene analysis is thus a promising and specific approach for investigating SRB diversity in complex habitats.

scholarly journals Prevalence and molecular characterization of Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia duodenalis in dairy cattle in Gansu, northwest China

Parasite ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 62
Author(s):  
Yilin Wang ◽  
Jianke Cao ◽  
Yankai Chang ◽  
Fuchang Yu ◽  
Sumei Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Ribosomal Rna ◽  
Triosephosphate Isomerase ◽  
Giardia Duodenalis ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Gastrointestinal Parasites ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
And Control

Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia duodenalis are common gastrointestinal parasites with a broad range of hosts, including humans, livestock, and wildlife. To examine the infection status and assess the zoonotic potential of Cryptosporidium spp. and G. duodenalis in dairy cattle in Gansu, China, a total of 1414 fecal samples were collected from the rectum, with one sample collected from each individual animal. All the samples were tested using nested PCR based on the small subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA) gene of Cryptosporidium spp. and G. duodenalis. The overall infection rates of Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia duodenalis were 4.2% (n = 59) and 1.0% (n = 14), respectively. Four Cryptosporidium species were identified: C. andersoni (n = 42), C. parvum (n = 12), C. bovis (n = 5), and C. ryanae (n = 1). In further analyses of subtypes of C. parvum isolates based on the 60 kDa glycoprotein (gp60) gene, five were successfully subtyped as IIdA19G1 (n = 4) and IIdA15G1 (n = 1). All 14 G. duodenalis isolates were identified as assemblage E using the triosephosphate isomerase (tpi) gene. The relatively low positive rates of Cryptosporidium spp. and G. duodenalis detected here and the predominance of non-human pathogenic species/assemblages of these parasites indicated their unique transmission dynamics in this area and the low level of threat posed to public health. However, continuous monitoring and further studies of these parasites should be conducted for the prevention and control of these pathogens.

scholarly journals Prevalence and molecular characterization of Cryptosporidium spp. in Père David’s deer (Elaphurus davidianus) in Jiangsu, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Si-Yang Huang ◽  
Yi-Min Fan ◽  
Yi Yang ◽  
Yi-Jun Ren ◽  
Jing-Zhi Gong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Ssu Rrna ◽  
Ssu Rrna Gene ◽  
Cryptosporidium Spp ◽  
Père David’S Deer ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequencing

Abstract Cryptosporidium is a zoonotic parasite that causes diarrhea in a broad range of animals, including deer. Little is known about the prevalence and genotype of Cryptosporidium spp. in Père David’s deer. In this study, 137 fecal samples from Père David’s deer were collected between July 2017 and August 2018 in the Dafeng Reserve and analyzed for Cryptosporidium spp. by nested-PCR based on the small subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA) gene, followed by sequence analyses to determine the species. The 60 kDa glycoprotein (gp60) gene was used to characterize Cryptosporidium spp. Among 137 samples, 2 (1.46%) were positive for Cryptosporidium spp. according to SSU rRNA gene sequencing results. Both samples belonged to the Cryptosporidium deer genotype, with two nucleotide deletions and one nucleotide substitution. The prevalence data and molecular characterization of this study provide basic knowledge for controlling and preventing Cryptosporidium infections in Père David’s deer in this area.

scholarly journals Characterization of two urostylid ciliates, Metaurostylopsis flavicana spec. nov. and Tunicothrix wilberti (Lin & Song, 2004) Xu et al., 2006 (Ciliophora, Stichotrichia), from a mangrove nature protection area in China

2011 ◽  
Vol 61 (7) ◽  
pp. 1740-1750 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yangang Wang ◽  
Xiaozhong Hu ◽  
Jie Huang ◽  
Khaled A. S. Al-Rasheid ◽  
Alan Warren
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Trees ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
The Body ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Small Subunit Rrna ◽  
Cortical Granules ◽  
Nature Protection ◽  
Small Subunit Rrna Gene ◽  
Protection Area

Two marine stichotrich ciliates, Metaurostylopsis flavicana spec. nov. and Tunicothrix wilberti (Lin & Song, 2004) Xu et al., 2006, isolated from the Shenzhen Mangrove Protection Area on the coast of the South China Sea, were investigated using live observation and protargol impregnation techniques. Metaurostylopsis flavicana is characterized by its elongate body shape, yellowish body colour and bright-yellow cortical granules that are either grouped around the cirri and the dorsal cilia or aligned between the rows of cirri and dorsal cilia. It has four to eight frontal, two frontoterminal, one buccal and seven to ten transverse cirri, a mid-ventral complex comprising 13–17 midventral cirral pairs in a row that extends about three-fifths of the body length, four left and three right marginal rows and three complete dorsal kineties. The small subunit rRNA gene of this species was sequenced and phylogenetic trees were constructed in which M. flavicana does not group with its congeners, suggesting that the genus Metaurostylopsis is paraphyletic. Some supplementary morphological and morphogenetic traits for Tunicothrix wilberti are also documented.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Genetic Characterization of Cryptosporidium Infection in Java Sparrows (Lonchura oryzivora) in Northern China

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiu-Xia Yao ◽  
Xiao-Xuan Zhang ◽  
Kai Chen ◽  
Jian-Gang Ma ◽  
Wen-Bin Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Ssu Rrna ◽  
Ssu Rrna Gene ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Baseline Information ◽  
And Control

Cryptosporidiosis is a cosmopolitan parasitosis that affects a wide range of hosts including birds. As information concerning Cryptosporidium in birds is limited, the present study examined the prevalence and genotypes of Cryptosporidium in Java sparrows in Beijing and Shangqiu, northern China. Three hundred and fifty fecal samples were collected from Java sparrows (Lonchura oryzivora, 225 white Java sparrows and 125 gray Java sparrows) in Beijing and Shangqiu in October 2015, and the samples were examined by PCR amplification of the small subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA) gene. The overall Cryptosporidium prevalence is 13.42% (47/350), with 16.44% (37/225) in white Java sparrows and 8.00% (10/125) in gray Java sparrows. Cryptosporidium prevalence was 9.82% (16/163) in Java sparrows from Beijing and 16.58% (31/187) in Java sparrows from Shangqiu. The prevalence of Cryptosporidium in females and males was 40.63% (26/64) and 7.34% (21/286), respectively. The Cryptosporidium prevalence in Java sparrows of different ages varied from 10.47% to 16.33%. Sequence analysis of the SSU rRNA gene revealed that all the samples represented C. baileyi. This is the first report of Cryptosporidium in gray Java sparrows in China, which extend the host range for C. baileyi. These results provide baseline information for further studies of molecular epidemiology and control of Cryptosporidium infection in poultry in China.

scholarly journals Reclassification of the sulfate- and nitrate-reducing bacterium Desulfovibrio vulgaris subsp. oxamicus as Desulfovibrio oxamicus sp. nov., comb. nov.

2006 ◽  
Vol 56 (7) ◽  
pp. 1495-1499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro López-Cortés ◽  
Marie-Laure Fardeau ◽  
Guy Fauque ◽  
Catherine Joulian ◽  
Bernard Ollivier
Keyword(s):  
Type Strain ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Desulfovibrio Vulgaris ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Small Subunit Rrna ◽  
Terminal Electron Acceptor ◽  
Phenotypic Differences ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Phylogenetic Studies ◽  
Nacl Concentration

Desulfovibrio vulgaris subsp. oxamicus (type strain, DSM 1925T) was found to use nitrate as a terminal electron acceptor, the latter being reduced to ammonium. Phylogenetic studies indicated that strain DSM 1925T was distantly related to the type strain of Desulfovibrio vulgaris (95.4 % similarity of the small-subunit rRNA gene) and had as its closest phylogenetic relatives two other nitrate- and sulfate-reducing bacteria, namely Desulfovibrio termitidis (99.4 % similarity) and Desulfovibrio longreachensis (98.4 % similarity). Additional experiments were conducted to characterize better strain DSM 1925T. This strain incompletely oxidized lactate and ethanol to acetate. It also oxidized butanol, pyruvate and citrate, but not glucose, fructose, acetate, propionate, butyrate, methanol, glycerol or peptone. The optimum temperature for growth was 37 °C (range 16–50 °C) and the optimum NaCl concentration for growth was 0.1 % (range 0–5 %). Because of significant genotypic and phenotypic differences from Desulfovibrio termitidis and Desulfovibrio longreachensis, reclassification of Desulfovibrio vulgaris subsp. oxamicus as Desulfovibrio oxamicus sp. nov., comb. nov., is proposed. The type strain is strain Monticello 2T (=DSM 1925T=NCIMB 9442T=ATCC 33405T).

scholarly journals Desulfatibacillum alkenivorans sp. nov., a novel n-alkene-degrading, sulfate-reducing bacterium, and emended description of the genus Desulfatibacillum

2004 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 1639-1642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristiana Cravo-Laureau ◽  
Robert Matheron ◽  
Catherine Joulian ◽  
Jean-Luc Cayol ◽  
Agnès Hirschler-Réa
Keyword(s):  
Dna Hybridization ◽  
Gene Sequence ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Sequence Analyses ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Dissimilatory Sulfite Reductase ◽  
The Family ◽  
Emended Description ◽  
Bacterium Strain ◽  
Curved Rod

An alkene-degrading, sulfate-reducing bacterium, strain PF2803T, was isolated from oil-polluted sediments (Fos Harbour, France). The cells were found to be Gram-negative, non-sporulating, non-motile and to have a slightly curved rod shape. Optimum growth occurred at 1 % (w/v) NaCl, pH 6·8 and 28–30 °C. Strain PF2803T oxidized alkenes (from C8 to C23). The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 57·8 mol% (HPLC). On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence analyses, strain PF2803T belongs to the family ‘Desulfobacteraceae’ in the class ‘Deltaproteobacteria’, with Desulfatibacillum aliphaticivorans as its closest relative (99·6 % identity). Comparative sequence analyses of the dissimilatory sulfite reductase (dsrAB) gene supported the affiliation of strain PF2803T to the genus Desulfatibacillum. DNA–DNA hybridization with its closest taxon demonstrated 48·4 % similarity. On the basis of the results of physiological and genetic analyses, strain PF2803T is identified as a novel species of the genus Desulfatibacillum, for which the name Desulfatibacillum alkenivorans sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is PF2803T (=DSM 16219T=ATCC BAA-924T).

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