scholarly journals Halovenus aranensis gen. nov., sp. nov., an extremely halophilic archaeon from Aran-Bidgol salt lake

2012 ◽  
Vol 62 (Pt_6) ◽  
pp. 1331-1336 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Makhdoumi-Kakhki ◽  
M. A. Amoozegar ◽  
A. Ventosa
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Gene Sequence ◽  
Salt Lake ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Halophilic Archaeon ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequence ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
The Family

A novel red-pigmented halophilic archaeon, strain EB27T, was isolated from Aran-Bidgol salt lake, a hypersaline playa in Iran. Cells of strain EB27T were non-motile and pleomorphic (rods to triangular or disc-shaped). Strain EB27T required at least 2.5 M NaCl and 0.1 M MgCl2 for growth. Optimal growth was achieved at 4 M NaCl and 0.5 M MgCl2. The optimum pH and temperature for growth were pH 7.5 and 40 °C; it was able to grow at pH 6.0–8.0 and 25–50 °C. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that strain EB27T is a member of the family Halobacteriaceae ; however, levels of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity were as low as 90.0, 89.3 and 89.1 % to the most closely related haloarchaeal taxa, namely Halalkalicoccus tibetensis DS12T, Halosimplex carlsbadense 2-9-1T and Halorhabdus utahensis AX-2T, respectively. The DNA G+C content of strain EB27T was 61 mol%. Strain EB27T contained phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylglycerol phosphate methyl ester, common phospholipids found in haloarchaea, together with two minor phospholipids. The only quinone present was MK-8(II-H2). Physiological, biochemical and phylogenetic differences between strain EB27T and recognized genera of extremely halophilic archaea suggest that this strain represents a novel species in a new genus within the family Halobacteriaceae , for which the name Halovenus aranensis gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Halovenus aranensis, the type species of the new genus, is strain EB27T ( = IBRC-M 10015T = CGMCC 1.11001T).

Lysinimonas soli gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from soil, and reclassification of Leifsonia kribbensis Dastager et al. 2009 as Lysinimonas kribbensis sp. nov., comb. nov.

2013 ◽  
Vol 63 (Pt_4) ◽  
pp. 1403-1410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun-Hee Jang ◽  
Soo-Jin Kim ◽  
Tomohiko Tamura ◽  
Moriyuki Hamada ◽  
Hang-Yeon Weon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Type Strain ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Gene Sequence ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequence ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
The Family

A Gram-stain-positive, non-motile rod, designated strain SGM3-12T, was isolated from paddy soil in Suwon, Republic of Korea. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that the strain represented a novel member of the family Microbacteriaceae . The nearest phylogenetic neighbour was Leifsonia kribbensis MSL-13T (97.4 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity). Strain SGM3-12T and Leifsonia kribbensis MSL-13T formed a distinct cluster within the family Microbacteriaceae . Strain SGM3-12T contained MK-12(H2) and MK-11(H2) as the predominant menaquinones with moderate amounts of MK-12 and MK-11; anteiso-C15 : 0 and iso-C16 : 0 as the major cellular fatty acids (>10 % of total); and diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol and unidentified glycolipids as the polar lipids. The peptidoglycan type of the isolate was B1δ with l-Lys as the diagnostic cell-wall diamino acid. On the basis of these results, strain SGM3-12T represents a novel species within a new genus, for which the name Lysinimonas soli gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed (the type strain of the type species is SGM3-12T = KACC 13362T = NBRC 107106T). It is also proposed that Leifsonia kribbensis be transferred to this genus as Lysinimonas kribbensis comb. nov. (the type strain is MSL-13T = DSM 19272T = JCM 16015T = KACC 21108T = KCTC 19267T).

Melghirimyces profundicolus sp. nov., isolated from a deep-sea sediment

2013 ◽  
Vol 63 (Pt_12) ◽  
pp. 4552-4556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Li ◽  
Sheng Qin ◽  
Zhi-Qing You ◽  
Li-Juan Long ◽  
Xin-Peng Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Gene Sequence ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequence ◽  
Phenotypic Characteristics ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
The Family

A novel filamentous bacterium, strain SCSIO 11153T, was isolated from a sediment sample collected from the Indian Ocean (80° 03.099′ E 01° 03.300′ N) at a depth of 4593 m. Good growth was observed at 50–55 °C and pH 7.0 with 3 % NaCl. It formed ivory–white colonies with radial wrinkles. Aerial mycelium was absent on the media tested. Phenotypic characteristics and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that strain SCSIO 11153T belonged to the family Thermoactinomycetaceae . It exhibited 96.4 % and 96.2 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities to Melghirimyces algeriensis NariEXT and Melghirimyces thermohalophilus Nari11AT, respectively, while lower sequence similarity values (<95.4 %) were observed between strain SCSIO 11153T and other species of genera in the family Thermoactinomycetaceae . The menaquinone type was MK-7. Major cellular fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C15 : 0 and iso-C17 : 0. The polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylmethylethanolamine, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylglycerol. The DNA G+C content of strain SCSIO 11153T was 52.6 mol%. On the basis of the genotypic and phenotypic characteristics, it is proposed that strain SCSIO 11153T represents a novel species of the genus Melghirimyces with the name Melghirimyces profundicolus sp. nov. The type strain is SCSIO 11153T ( = DSM 45787T = CCTCC AA 2012007T = NBRC 109068T).

Hungatella effluvii gen. nov., sp. nov., an obligately anaerobic bacterium isolated from an effluent treatment plant, and reclassification of Clostridium hathewayi as Hungatella hathewayi gen. nov., comb. nov.

2014 ◽  
Vol 64 (Pt_3) ◽  
pp. 710-718 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sukhpreet Kaur ◽  
Mir Yawar ◽  
P. Anil Kumar ◽  
K. Suresh
Keyword(s):  
Type Strain ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Anaerobic Bacterium ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Gene Sequence ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequence ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
End Products

A Gram-stain-positive, rod-shaped, spore-forming and strictly anaerobic bacterium, designated UB-B.2T, was isolated from an industrial effluent anaerobic digester sample. It grew optimally at 30 °C and pH 7.0. Comparative analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence confirmed that strain UB-B.2T was closely related to Clostridium hathewayi DSM 13479T (97.84 % similarity), a member of rRNA gene cluster XIVa of the genus Clostridium , and formed a coherent cluster with other related members of the Blautia ( Clostridium ) coccoides rRNA group in phylogenetic analyses. The end products of glucose fermentation by strain UB-B.2T were acetate and propionate. The G+C content of the DNA was 51.4 mol%. Although strain UB-B.2T showed 97.8 % 16S rRNA gene sequence identity to the type strain of C. hathewayi , it exhibited only 38.4 % relatedness at the whole-genome level. It also showed differences from its closest phylogenetic relative, C. hathewayi DSM 13479T, in phenotypic characteristics such as hydrolysis of aesculin, starch and urea and fermentation end products. Both strains showed phenotypic differences from the members of rRNA gene cluster XIVa of the genus Clostridium . Based on these differences, C. hathewayi DSM 13479T and strain UB-B.2T were identified as representatives of a new genus of the family Clostridiaceae . Thus, we propose the reclassification of Clostridium hathewayi as Hungatella hathewayi gen. nov., comb. nov., the type species of the new genus (type strain DSM 13479T = CCUG 43506T = MTCC 10951T). Strain UB-B.2T ( = MTCC 11101T = DSM 24995T) is assigned to the novel species Hungatella effluvii gen. nov., sp. nov as the type strain.

Sphingomonas kyungheensis sp. nov., a bacterium with ginsenoside-converting activity isolated from soil of a ginseng field

2013 ◽  
Vol 63 (Pt_10) ◽  
pp. 3848-3853 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heung-Min Son ◽  
Jung-Eun Yang ◽  
YongJin Park ◽  
Chang-Kyun Han ◽  
Song-Gun Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Gene Sequence ◽  
Novel Species ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequence ◽  
Unidentified Phospholipid ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Gene Sequence Analysis ◽  
The Family

A bacterial strain THG-B283T, which has β-glucosidase activity, was isolated from soil of a ginseng field. Cells were Gram-reaction-negative, oxidase- and catalase-positive, aerobic, motile with one polar flagellum and rod-shaped. The strain was subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study. Strain THG-B283T grew optimally at around pH 7.0, at 25–28 °C and in the absence of NaCl on R2A agar. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that strain THG-B283T belongs to the family Sphingomonadaceae and is closely related to Sphingomonas melonis DAPP-PG 224T (98.2 %), S. aquatilis JSS7T (98.1 %), S. insulae DS-28T (97.6 %), S. mali IFO 15500T (97.1 %) and S. pruni IFO 15498T (97.0 %). Strain THG-B283T contained Q-10 as the predominant ubiquinone. The major fatty acids included summed feature 3 (comprising C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c), C18 : 1ω7c, C14 : 0 2-OH and C16 : 0. The DNA G+C content was 72.2 mol%. The major component in the polyamine pattern was sym-homospermidine. The major polar lipids were phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidyldimethylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine, sphingoglycolipid, diphosphatidylglycerol, an unidentified glycolipid, unidentified aminolipids, an unidentified phospholipid and unidentified lipids. Genomic and chemotaxonomic data supported the affiliation of strain THG-B283T to the genus Sphingomonas . DNA–DNA relatedness between strain THG-B283T and its closest phylogenetic neighbours was below 23 %. On the basis of phenotypic, phylogenetic and genetic data, strain THG-B283T represents a novel species of genus Sphingomonas , for which the name Sphingomonas kyungheensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is THG-B283T ( = KACC 16224T = LMG 26582T).

scholarly journals Rhizocola hellebori gen. nov., sp. nov., an actinomycete of the family Micromonosporaceae containing 3,4-dihydroxydiaminopimelic acid in the cell-wall peptidoglycan

2014 ◽  
Vol 64 (Pt_8) ◽  
pp. 2706-2711 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atsuko Matsumoto ◽  
Yoko Kawaguchi ◽  
Takuji Nakashima ◽  
Masato Iwatsuki ◽  
Satoshi Ōmura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Gene Sequence ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequence ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Cell Wall Peptidoglycan ◽  
The Family ◽  
The 16S Rrna Gene

An actinomycete strain, K12-0602T, was isolated from the root of a Helleborus orientalis plant in Japan. The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain K12-0602T showed that it had a close relationship with members of the family Micromonosporaceae and the 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity values between strain K12-0602T and type strains of type species of 27 genera belonging to the family Micromonosporaceae were below 96.2 %. MK-9 (H4) and MK-9 (H6) were detected as major menaquinones, and galactose, xylose, mannose and ribose were present in the whole-cell hydrolysate. The acyl type of the peptidoglycan was glycolyl. Major fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0, iso-C16 : 0, C17 : 1ω9c and anteiso-C17 : 0. Phosphatidylethanolamine was detected as the phospholipid corresponding to phospholipid type II. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 67 mol%. Analyses of the cell-wall peptidoglycan by TLC and LC/MS showed that it was composed of alanine, glycine, hydroxylglutamic acid and an unknown amino acid, which was subsequently determined to be 3,4-dihydroxydiaminopimelic acid using instrumental analyses, including NMR and mass spectrometry. On the basis of the phylogenetic analysis and chemotaxonomic characteristics, strain K12-0602T represents a novel species of a new genus in the family Micromonosporaceae , for which the name Rhizocola hellebori gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of the type species is K12-0602T ( = NBRC 109834T = DSM 45988T). This is the first report, to our knowledge, of 3,4-dihydroxydiaminopimelic acid being found as a diamino acid in bacterial cell-wall peptidoglycan.

Algimonas porphyrae gen. nov., sp. nov., a member of the family Hyphomonadaceae , isolated from the red alga Porphyra yezoensis

2013 ◽  
Vol 63 (Pt_1) ◽  
pp. 314-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youhei Fukui ◽  
Mahiko Abe ◽  
Masahiro Kobayashi ◽  
Hiroaki Saito ◽  
Hiroshi Oikawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Gene Sequence ◽  
Porphyra Yezoensis ◽  
Red Alga ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequence ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
The Family

Three Gram-negative, stalked, motile bacteria, designated 0C-2-2T, 0C-17 and LNM-3, were isolated from the red alga Porphyra yezoensis. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that the three novel strains belonged to the family Hyphomonadaceae , and were closely related to Litorimonas taeanensis G5T (96.5 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity) and Hellea balneolensis 26III/A02/215T (94.3 %). The DNA G+C contents of the novel isolates (58.5–60.2 mol%) were clearly distinguished from those of L. taeanensis G5T (47.1 mol%) and H. balneolensis DSM 19091T (47.9 mol%). The G+C content of L. taeanensis G5T obtained in this study was quite different from a previous report (63.6 mol%). DNA–DNA hybridization experiments showed that the novel strains constituted a single species. Eleven phenotypic features of the three isolates differed from those of both related genera. The predominant respiratory quinone was ubiquinone-10 and the major fatty acid was C18 : 1ω7c. On the basis of this polyphasic taxonomic analysis, the novel strains represent a novel genus and species, for which the name Algimonas porphyrae gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Algimonas porphyrae is 0C-2-2T ( = LMG 26424T  = NBRC 108216T).

scholarly journals Carboxylicivirga gen. nov. in the family Marinilabiliaceae with two novel species, Carboxylicivirga mesophila sp. nov. and Carboxylicivirga taeanensis sp. nov., and reclassification of Cytophaga fermentans as Saccharicrinis fermentans gen. nov., comb. nov.

2014 ◽  
Vol 64 (Pt_4) ◽  
pp. 1351-1358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung-Hyun Yang ◽  
Hyun-Seok Seo ◽  
Jung-Hee Woo ◽  
Hyun-Myung Oh ◽  
Hani Jang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Gene Sequence ◽  
Novel Species ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequence ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
The Family

Two facultatively anaerobic mesophilic bacteria, strains MEBiC 07026T and MEBiC 08903T, were isolated from two different tidal flat sediments and both strains showed approximately 92.2 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with [Cytophaga] fermentans DSM 9555T. 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity between the two new isolates was 97.5 % but levels of DNA–DNA relatedness between the two were 31.3–31.8 %. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the two isolates and [Cytophaga] fermentans DSM 9555T were affiliated with the family Marinilabiliaceae in the class Bacteroidia . The dominant fatty acids of strains MEBiC 07026T, MEBiC 08903T and [Cytophaga] fermentans DSM 9555T were branched-type or hydroxylated C15 : 0, but [Cytophaga] fermentans DSM 9555T contained a higher proportion of anteiso-branched fatty acids. The two new isolates contained a markedly higher proportion of monounsaturated fatty acids than other members of the family Marinilabiliaceae . The major respiratory quinone of the strains was MK-7. Strains MEBiC07026T and MEBiC08903T utilized a wide range of carboxylic acids whereas [Cytophaga] fermentans DSM 9555T utilized carbohydrates rather than carboxylic acids. The DNA G+C content of the novel strains was about 44 mol% but that of [Cytophaga] fermentans DSM 9555T revealed from the genome sequence was 37.6 mol%. Based on evidence from this polyphasic taxonomic study, a novel genus, Carboxylicivirga gen. nov., is proposed in the family Marinilabiliaceae with two novel species, Carboxylicivirga mesophila sp. nov. with type strain MEBiC 07026T ( = KCCM 42978T = JCM 18290T) and Carboxylicivirga taeanensis sp. nov. with type strain MEBiC 08903T ( = KCCM 43024T = JCM 19490T). Additionally, [Cytophaga] fermentans DSM 9555T ( = ATCC 19072T) is reclassified as Saccharicrinis fermentans gen. nov., comb. nov.

scholarly journals Halopenitus persicus gen. nov., sp. nov., an archaeon from an inland salt lake

2012 ◽  
Vol 62 (Pt_8) ◽  
pp. 1932-1936 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ali Amoozegar ◽  
Ali Makhdoumi-Kakhki ◽  
Seyed Abolhassan Shahzadeh Fazeli ◽  
Reza Azarbaijani ◽  
Antonio Ventosa
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Gene Sequence ◽  
Salt Lake ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequence ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequence ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
The Family

A novel pale pink-pigmented halophilic archaeon, strain DC30T, was isolated from Aran-Bidgol salt lake, a hypersaline playa in Iran. Cells of strain DC30T were non-motile and pleomorphic, from rods to triangular or disc-shaped. Strain DC30T required at least 1.7 M NaCl and 0.05 M MgCl2 for growth (optimum, 3 M NaCl and 0.1 M MgCl2). The optimum pH and temperature for growth of strain DC30T were pH 7.5 and 40 °C, respectively, although it was capable of growth over pH and temperature ranges of 6.5–8.5 and 25–50 °C, respectively. Analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence showed that strain DC30T was a member of the family Halobacteriaceae . However, it had low 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities of 92.4 %, 89.4 % and 89.1 % to the most closely related haloarchaeal taxa, the type species of the genera Halorubrum , Halogranum and Haloplanus , respectively. The DNA G+C content was 66.0 mol%. Phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylglycerol phosphate methyl ester, common phospholipids found in haloarchaea, were present. Three minor phospholipids and one unidentified glycolipid were also observed. The only quinone present was MK-8(II-H2). The physiological, biochemical and phylogenetic differences between strain DC30T and other previously described genera of extremely halophilic archaea suggest that strain DC30T represents a novel species in a new genus within the family Halobacteriaceae , for which the name Halopenitus persicus gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Halopenitus persicus is DC30T ( = IBRC 10041T = KCTC 4046T).

scholarly journals Gracilibacillus kekensis sp. nov., a moderate halophile isolated from Keke Salt Lake

2012 ◽  
Vol 62 (Pt_5) ◽  
pp. 1032-1036 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miao Gao ◽  
Zhan-Zhi Liu ◽  
Yu-Guang Zhou ◽  
Hong-Can Liu ◽  
Yu-Chao Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Gene Sequence ◽  
Salt Lake ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequence ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequence ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type

A novel moderately halophilic bacterium, designated strain K170T, was isolated from Keke Salt Lake in Qinghai, China. The strain grew with 0–22 % (w/v) NaCl, at 4–50 °C and at pH 6–11, with optimum growth in 3 % (w/v) NaCl, at 40 °C and at pH 8. The predominant respiratory quinone was menaquinone 7 (MK-7). The polar lipids included diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, unidentified phospholipids, aminolipids and glycolipids. The major cellular fatty acids were anteiso-C15 : 0, iso-C15 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0. The DNA G+C content was 35.8 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on the full-length 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that strain K170T was a member of the genus Gracilibacillus . High levels of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity were found between strain K170T and Gracilibacillus boraciitolerans DSM 17256T (97.3 %) and Gracilibacillus thailandensis JCM 15569T (97.1 %). 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities between strain K170T and the type strains of other recognized members of the genus Gracilibacillus were below 97 %. The DNA–DNA hybridization values of strain K170T with G. boraciitolerans DSM 17256T and G. thailandensis JCM 15569T were 21.9 % and 34.3 %, respectively. On the basis of these results, strain K170T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Gracilibacillus , for which the name Gracilibacillus kekensis sp. nov. is proposed; the type strain is K170T ( = CGMCC 1.10681T = DSM 23178T).

scholarly journals Reclassification and emended description of Caulobacter leidyi as Sphingomonas leidyi comb. nov., and emendation of the genus Sphingomonas

2012 ◽  
Vol 62 (Pt_12) ◽  
pp. 2835-2843 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Chen ◽  
Mareike Jogler ◽  
Manfred Rohde ◽  
Hans-Peter Klenk ◽  
Hans-Jürgen Busse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
Dna Hybridization ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Gene Sequence ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequence ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
The Family

‘ Caulobacter leidyi ’ DSM 4733T has been shown to be affiliated with the family Sphingomonadaceae instead of the Caulobacteraceae , and due to its poor characterization has been omitted from the current edition of Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology and removed to limbo. We isolated a novel sphingoglycolipid-containing dimorphic prosthecate bacterium, designated strain 247, from a pre-alpine freshwater lake. Strain 247 and ‘ Caulobacter leidyi ’ DSM 4733T were characterized in detail. The rod-shaped cells were Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, catalase- and oxidase-positive, and formed a stalk or polar flagellum. Both strains grew optimally at 28–30 °C, and pH 6.0–8.0. The major fatty acids were C18 : 1ω7c, C16 : 0 and 11-methyl C18 : 1ω7c. C14 : 0 2-OH represents the major 2-hydroxy fatty acid. Q-10 was the major respiratory quinone and the major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidyldimethylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylmonomethylethanolamine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine, three glycolipids, two phosphoaminolipids and two unidentified sphingoglycolipids. The major polyamine was sym-homospermidine. The G+C content of genomic DNA of strains 247 and DSM 4733T was 67.6 mol% and 67.0 mol%, respectively. According to 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and DNA–DNA hybridization, strains DSM 4733T and 247 were phylogenetically closely related (99.6 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, 82.9 % DNA–DNA hybridization value) and affiliated to the genus Sphingomonas . The closest recognized species was Sphingomonas aquatilis DSM 15581T (98.1 % sequence similarity). In addition, the presence of cystine arylamidase, absence of β-galactosidase, and the inability to utilize l-arabinose, galactose and sucrose distinguished strains DSM 4733T and 247 from most other members of the family Sphingomonadaceae . So far, the dimorphic life cycle that involves a prosthecate and a flagellated stage is unique for strains DSM 4733T and 247 among all members of the family Sphingomonadaceae . Therefore, Caulobacter leidyi is reclassified as Sphingomonas leidyi, with the type strain DSM 4733T ( = ATCC 15260T = CIP 106443T = VKM B-1368T) and strain 247 (DSM 25078 = LMG 26658) as an additional strain of this species.

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