scholarly journals Aliicoccus persicus gen. nov., sp. nov., a halophilic member of the Firmicutes isolated from a hypersaline lake

2014 ◽  
Vol 64 (Pt_6) ◽  
pp. 1964-1969 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ali Amoozegar ◽  
Maryam Bagheri ◽  
Ali Makhdoumi-Kakhki ◽  
Maryam Didari ◽  
Peter Schumann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Growth ◽  
Halophilic Bacterium ◽  
Hypersaline Lake ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Strictly Aerobic ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Gram Staining ◽  
Brine Sample ◽  
Moderately Halophilic Bacterium

A novel Gram-staining-positive, moderately halophilic bacterium, designated strain A76T, was isolated from a brine sample of the hypersaline lake Aran-Bidgol in Iran. Cells were strictly aerobic, coccus-shaped, non-motile, non-sporulating, and catalase- and oxidase-positive. Strain A76T grew between pH 7.0 and 10.0 (optimal growth at pH 8.0), between 20 and 45 °C (optimal growth at 35 °C) and at salinities of 0.5 to 12.5 % (w/v) NaCl (optimal growth at 7.5 %, w/v, NaCl). On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strain A76T was shown to belong to the phylum Firmicutes with sequence similarities of 94.1, 93.1 and 91.1 %, to the type species of the genera Jeotgalicoccus , Salinicoccus and Nosocomiicoccus , respectively. The DNA G+C content of this new isolate was 38.8 mol%. The major cellular fatty acids of strain A76T were anteiso-C15 : 0 and iso-C15 : 0, and its polar lipid pattern consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, a glycolipid, an unknown lipid and two unknown phospholipids. The isoprenoid quinones were MK-6 (94 %), MK-5 (3 %) and MK-7 (3 %). The amino acid constituents of the cell wall were Lys, Asp, Gly, Glu and Ala. The physiological, biochemical and phylogenetic differences between strain A76T and type strains of taxa with validly published names suggest that this strain represents a novel species in a novel genus within the family Staphylococcaceae , for which the name Aliicoccus persicus gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Aliicoccus persicus is strain A76T ( = CECT 8508T = DSM 28306T = IBRC-M 10081T).

Ornithinibacillus halophilus sp. nov., a moderately halophilic, Gram-stain-positive, endospore-forming bacterium from a hypersaline lake

2013 ◽  
Vol 63 (Pt_3) ◽  
pp. 844-848 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Bagheri ◽  
Mohammad Ali Amoozegar ◽  
Peter Schumann ◽  
Maryam Didari ◽  
Malihe Mehrshad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Halophilic Bacterium ◽  
Hypersaline Lake ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Strictly Aerobic ◽  
Gram Stain ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Moderately Halophilic ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Moderately Halophilic Bacterium

A novel Gram-stain-positive, moderately halophilic bacterium, designated strain G8BT, was isolated from water of the hypersaline lake Aran-Bidgol in Iran and characterized taxonomically using a polyphasic approach. Cells of strain G8BT were rod-shaped, motile and produced oval endospores at a terminal position in swollen sporangia. Strain G8BT was strictly aerobic, catalase-positive and oxidase-negative. The strain was able to grow at NaCl concentrations of 0.5–12.5 % (w/v), with optimum growth occurring at 5–7.5 % (w/v) NaCl. The optimum temperature and pH for growth were 35–40 °C and pH 7.5–8.0, respectively. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strain G8BT was shown to belong to the genus Ornithinibacillus within the phylum Firmicutes and showed closest phylogenetic similarity with Ornithinibacillus bavariensis WSBC 24001T (97.6 %). The DNA G+C content of strain G8BT was 36.9 mol%. The major cellular fatty acids of strain G8BT were anteiso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C17 : 0, iso-C15 : 0 and iso-C16 : 0, and its polar lipid pattern consisted of phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, four unknown phospholipids and an unknown aminolipid. The isoprenoid quinones were MK-7 (98 %) and MK-8 (2 %). Strain G8BT contained a peptidoglycan of type A4β, l-Orn–d-Asp. All these features confirmed the placement of isolate G8BT within the genus Ornithinibacillus . DNA–DNA hybridization experiments revealed a low level of relatedness (6 %) between strain G8BT and Ornithinibacillus bavariensis DSM 15681T. On the basis of evidence from this study, a novel species of the genus Ornithinibacillus , Ornithinibacillus halophilus sp. nov., is proposed, with strain G8BT ( = IBRC-M 10683T = KCTC 13822T) as the type strain.

scholarly journals Halanaerobacter jeridensis sp. nov., isolated from a hypersaline lake

2012 ◽  
Vol 62 (Pt_8) ◽  
pp. 1970-1973 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Mezghani ◽  
D. Alazard ◽  
F. Karray ◽  
J.-L. Cayol ◽  
M. Joseph ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Halophilic Bacterium ◽  
Hypersaline Lake ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Gram Staining ◽  
Moderately Halophilic Bacterium ◽  
Salt Crust

An obligatory anaerobic, moderately halophilic bacterium, designated strain CEJFG43T, was isolated from a sample of sediment collected below the salt crust on the hypersaline El Jerid lake, in southern Tunisia. The cells of this novel strain were Gram-staining-negative, non-sporulating, motile, short rods. They grew in media with 6–30 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum 15 %), at 20–60 °C (optimum 45 °C) and at pH 5.5–9.5 (optimum pH 8.3). The micro-organism fermented glucose, fructose, ribose, raffinose, galactose, mannose, sucrose, maltose, xylose, mannitol, pyruvate and glycerol. The products of glucose fermentation were lactate, ethanol, acetate, H2 and CO2. The genomic G+C DNA content of strain CEJFG43T was 33.3 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain CEJFG43T belonged in the genus Halanaerobacter and was most closely related to Halanaerobacter lacunarum DSM 6640T (95.3 % gene sequence similarity) and Halanaerobacter chitinivorans DSM 9569T (95.3 %). The predominant cellular fatty acids were non-branched (C16 : 0 and C16 : 1). Based on the phylogenetic and phenotypic evidence, strain CEJFG43T represents a novel species in the genus Halanaerobacter for which the name Halanaerobacter jeridensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CEJFG43T ( = DSM 23230T = JCM 16696T).

Saliterribacillus persicus gen. nov., sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from a hypersaline lake

2013 ◽  
Vol 63 (Pt_1) ◽  
pp. 345-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ali Amoozegar ◽  
Maryam Bagheri ◽  
Maryam Didari ◽  
Seyed Abolhassan Shahzedeh Fazeli ◽  
Peter Schumann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Halophilic Bacterium ◽  
Hypersaline Lake ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Moderately Halophilic Bacterium ◽  
The Family

A novel Gram-positive, moderately halophilic bacterium, designated strain X4BT, was isolated from soil around the hypersaline lake Aran-Bidgol in Iran and characterized taxonomically using a polyphasic approach. Cells of strain X4BT were motile rods and formed ellipsoidal endospores at a terminal or subterminal position in swollen sporangia. Strain X4BT was a strictly aerobic bacterium, catalase- and oxidase-positive. The strain was able to grow at NaCl concentrations of 0.5–22.5 % (w/v), with optimum growth occurring at 7.5 % (w/v) NaCl. The optimum temperature and pH for growth were 35 °C and pH 7.0. Analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that strain X4BT is a member of the family Bacillaceae , constituting a novel phyletic lineage within this family. Highest sequence similarities were obtained with the 16S rRNA gene sequences of the type strains of Sediminibacillus albus (96.0 %), Paraliobacillus ryukyuensis (95.9 %), Paraliobacillus quinghaiensis (95.8 %) and Sediminibacillus halophilus (95.7 %), respectively. The DNA G+C content of this novel isolate was 35.2 mol%. The major cellular fatty acids of strain X4BT were anteiso-C15 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0 and its polar lipid pattern consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, two aminolipids, an aminophospholipid and an unknown phospholipid. The isoprenoid quinones were MK-7 (89 %) and MK-6 (11 %). The peptidoglycan contained meso-diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic diamino acid. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis in combination with chemotaxonomic and phenotypic data, strain X4BT represents a novel species in a new genus in the family Bacillaceae , order Bacillales for which the name Saliterribacillus persicus gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of the type species (Saliterribacillus persicus) is X4BT ( = IBRC-M 10629T = KCTC 13827T).

scholarly journals Aquisalimonas lutea sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium from a saltern

2015 ◽  
Vol 65 (Pt_4) ◽  
pp. 1354-1359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen Infante-Domínguez ◽  
Cristina Sánchez-Porro ◽  
Antonio Ventosa
Keyword(s):  
Dna Hybridization ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Halophilic Bacterium ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Strictly Aerobic ◽  
Aerobic Bacterium ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Moderately Halophilic ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Moderately Halophilic Bacterium

A yellow-pigmented, motile, Gram-stain-negative, moderately halophilic and strictly aerobic bacterium, designated BA42AL-1T, was isolated from water of a saltern of Santa Pola, Alicante, Spain. Strain BA42AL-1T grew in media containing 5–20 % (w/v) salts (optimum 7.5 % salts). It grew between pH 6.0 and 9.0 (optimally at pH 7.5) and at 15–45 °C (optimally at 37 °C). Phylogenetic analysis based on the comparison of 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain BA42AL-1T is a member of the genus Aquisalimonas . The closest relatives to this strain were Aquisalimonas halophila YIM 95345T and Aquisalimonas asiatica CG12T with sequence similarities of 99.4 % and 97.0 %, respectively. DNA–DNA hybridization between the novel isolate and Aquisalimonas halophila YIM 95345T revealed a relatedness of 54 %. The major fatty acids of strain BA42AL-1T were C18 : 1ω6c/C18 : 1ω7c, C19 : 0 cyclo ω8c and C16 : 0, and lower contents of C12 : 0 and C18 : 0. The polar lipid pattern of strain BA42AL-1T consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylmethylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine, two glycolipids, a lipid and four unknown phospholipids. The G+C content of the genomic DNA of this strain was 65.0 mol%. Based on the DNA–DNA hybridization, phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic data presented in this study, strain BA42AL-1T is proposed as a novel species of the genus Aquisalimonas , for which the name Aquisalimonas lutea sp. nov. is suggested. The type strain is BA42AL-1T ( = CCM 8472T = CECT 8326T = LMG 27614T).

Limimonas halophila gen. nov., sp. nov., an extremely halophilic bacterium in the family Rhodospirillaceae

2013 ◽  
Vol 63 (Pt_4) ◽  
pp. 1562-1567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ali Amoozegar ◽  
Ali Makhdoumi-Kakhki ◽  
Mohadaseh Ramezani ◽  
Mahdi Moshtaghi Nikou ◽  
Seyed Abolhassan Shahzadeh Fazeli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Halophilic Bacterium ◽  
Hypersaline Lake ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Strictly Aerobic ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
The Family

A novel, Gram-staining-negative, non-pigmented, rod-shaped, strictly aerobic, extremely halophilic bacterium, designated strain IA16T, was isolated from the mud of the hypersaline Lake Aran-Bidgol, in Iran. Cells of strain IA16T were not motile. Growth occurred with 2.5–5.2 M NaCl (optimum 3.4 M), at pH 6.0–8.0 (optimum pH 7.0) and at 30–50 °C (optimum 40 °C). Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain IA16T belonged in the family Rhodospirillaceae and that its closest relatives were Rhodovibrio sodomensis DSM 9895T (91.6 % sequence similarity), Rhodovibrio salinarum NCIMB 2243T (91.2 %), Pelagibius litoralis CL-UU02T (88.9 %) and Fodinicurvata sediminis YIM D82T (88.7 %). The novel strain’s major cellular fatty acids were C19 : 0 cyclo ω7c and C18 : 0 and its polar lipid profile comprised phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, four unidentified phospholipids, three unidentified aminolipids and two other unidentified lipids. The cells of strain IA16T contained the ubiquinone Q-10. The G+C content of the novel strain’s genomic DNA was 67.0 mol%. The physiological, biochemical and phylogenetic differences between strain IA16T and other previously described taxa indicate that the strain represents a novel species in a new genus within the family Rhodospirillaceae , for which the name Limimonas halophila gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Limimonas halophila is IA16T ( = IBRC-M 10018T  = DSM 25584T).

scholarly journals Aquisalimonas halophila sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from a hypersaline mine

2014 ◽  
Vol 64 (Pt_7) ◽  
pp. 2210-2216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun-Jiao Zhang ◽  
Man Jia ◽  
Yong-Chun Ma ◽  
Kai-Yang Lu ◽  
Fei Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type Strain ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Halophilic Bacterium ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Strictly Aerobic ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Moderately Halophilic ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Moderately Halophilic Bacterium

A Gram-negative, moderately halophilic, strictly aerobic strain, designated YIM 95345T, was isolated from a soil sample of a hypersaline mine in Yunnan province, PR China, and subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study. Strain YIM 95345T grew at 15–45 °C (optimum 30–35 °C), 3.0–23.0 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum 10.0–11.0 %, w/v) and pH 6.0–9.0 (optimum pH 7.0–8.0). Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that the organism belongs to the genus Aquisalimonas and exhibited sequence similarity of 96.6 % to the sole type strain Aquisalimonas asiatica CG12T. The predominant isoprenoid quinone was Q-8 and the major fatty acids were C16 : 0, C19 : 0 cyclo ω8c and C18 : 1ω7c. The polar lipids consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol, three aminolipids and three unidentified phospholipids. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 59.4 mol%. Based on the results of our comparative phylogenetic, chemotaxonomic and physiological analyses, the new isolate is assigned to a novel species of the genus Aquisalimonas , for which the name Aquisalimonas halophila sp. nov. is proposed, with the type strain YIM 95345T ( = DSM 25902T = CCTCC AB 2012043T).

scholarly journals Novosphingobium aquiterrae sp. nov., isolated from ground water

2014 ◽  
Vol 64 (Pt_9) ◽  
pp. 3282-3287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jae-Chan Lee ◽  
Song-Gun Kim ◽  
Kyung-Sook Whang
Keyword(s):  
Ground Water ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Optimal Growth ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Strictly Aerobic ◽  
Polyphasic Analysis ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Gram Staining ◽  
Gene Sequence Analysis

A Gram-staining-negative, strictly aerobic, non-motile, non-spore-forming, yellow and rod-shaped bacterium, designated E-II-3T, was isolated from ground water at Daejeon in Korea. Strain E-II-3T grew between 4 and 45 °C (optimal growth at 28 °C), between pH 6.0 and 9.0 (optimal growth at pH 7.5) and at salinities of 0–2.0 % (w/v) NaCl, growing optimally with 0.5 % (w/v) NaCl. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strain E-II-3T was shown to belong to the genus Novosphingobium and showed closest phylogenetic similarity to ‘Novosphingobium ginsenosidimutans’ FW-6 (97.7 %), Novosphingobium aromaticivorans F199T (96.9 %) and Novosphingobium subterraneum B0478T (96.5 %). The major polar lipids were phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine and sphingoglycolipid. The predominant ubiquinone and polyamine components were Q-10 and spermidine, respectively. The major fatty acids were C18 : 1ω7c (34.0 %), C16 : 1ω7c and/or iso-C15 : 0 2-OH (23.8 %) and C17 : 1ω6c (19.3 %). The DNA G+C content of this novel isolate was 62.7 mol%. DNA–DNA relatedness between strain E-II-3T and ‘N. ginsenosidimutans’ KACC 16615, N. aromaticivorans KCTC 2888T and N. capsulatum KCTC 22844T was 38, 33 and 29 %, respectively. On the basis of polyphasic analysis from this study, strain E-II-3T represents a novel species of the genus Novosphingobium for which the name Novosphingobium aquiterrae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is E-II-3T ( = KACC 17599T = NBRC 109812T = NCAIM B 02537T).

Bacillus persicus sp. nov., a halophilic bacterium from a hypersaline lake

2013 ◽  
Vol 63 (Pt_4) ◽  
pp. 1229-1234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Didari ◽  
Mohammad Ali Amoozegar ◽  
Maryam Bagheri ◽  
Maliheh Mehrshad ◽  
Peter Schumann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Halophilic Bacterium ◽  
Diaminopimelic Acid ◽  
Hypersaline Lake ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Strictly Aerobic ◽  
Aerobic Bacterium ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Slightly Halophilic Bacterium

A novel Gram-positive, slightly halophilic bacterium, designated strain B48T, was isolated from soil around the hypersaline lake Aran-Bidgol in Iran and characterized taxonomically using a polyphasic approach. Cells of strain B48T were non-motile rods and produced ellipsoidal endospores at a central or subterminal position in swollen sporangia. Strain B48T was a strictly aerobic bacterium, catalase- and oxidase-positive. The strain was able to grow at NaCl concentrations of 0.5–10.0 % (w/v), with optimum growth occurring at 2.5 % (w/v) NaCl. The optimum temperature and pH for growth were 35 °C and pH 7.5–8.0, respectively. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strain B48T was shown to belong to the genus Bacillus within the phylum Firmicutes and showed the closest phylogenetic similarity to the species Bacillus foraminis CV53T (97.4 %) and Bacillus purgationiresistens DS22T (96.9 %). The DNA G+C content of this new isolate was 40.1 mol%. The major cellular fatty acids of strain B48T were iso-C15 : 0 and anteiso-C15 : 0, and its polar lipid pattern consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, an aminophospholipid and two unknown phospholipids. The only quinone present was menaquinone 7 (MK-7). The peptidoglycan contained meso-diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic diamino acid. All these features confirm the placement of isolate B48T within the genus Bacillus . DNA–DNA hybridization experiments revealed a low level of relatedness between strain B48T and Bacillus foraminis IBRC-M 10625T (8.1 %). On the basis of polyphasic evidence from this study, a new species of the genus Bacillus , Bacillus persicus sp. nov., is proposed, with strain B48T ( = IBRC-M 10115T = DSM 25386T = CECT 8001T) as the type strain.

Bacillus salsus sp. nov., a halophilic bacterium from a hypersaline lake

2013 ◽  
Vol 63 (Pt_9) ◽  
pp. 3324-3329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ali Amoozegar ◽  
Maryam Didari ◽  
Maryam Bagheri ◽  
Seyed Abolhassan Shahzadeh Fazeli ◽  
Peter Schumann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Novel Species ◽  
Halophilic Bacterium ◽  
Diaminopimelic Acid ◽  
Hypersaline Lake ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Strictly Aerobic ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type

A Gram-staining-positive, endospore-forming, rod-shaped, strictly aerobic, slightly halophilic bacterium, designated strain A24T, was isolated from the hypersaline lake Aran-Bidgol in Iran. Cells of strain A24T were motile rods and produced oval endospores at a terminal position in swollen sporangia. Strain A24T was catalase and oxidase positive. Growth occurred with between 0.5 and 7.5 % (w/v) NaCl and the isolate grew optimally at 3 % (v/w) NaCl. The optimum temperature and pH for growth were 35 °C and pH 8.0, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain A24T belonged to the genus Bacillus within the phylum Firmicutes and showed the closest phylogenetic similarity with the species Bacillus alkalitelluris BA288T (97.2 %), Bacillus herbersteinensis D-1,5aT (96.0 %) and Bacillus litoralis SW-211T (95.6 %). The G+C content of the genomic DNA of this strain was 35.9 mol%. The polar lipid pattern of strain A24T consisted of phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine and two unknown phospholipids. The major cellular fatty acids of strain A24T were anteiso-C15 : 0 and iso-C15 : 0. The respiratory quinones were MK-7 (94 %) and MK-6 (4 %). The peptidoglycan contained meso-diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic diamino acid. All these features confirm the placement of isolate A24T within the genus Bacillus . DNA–DNA hybridization experiments revealed a relatedness of 8 % between strain A24T and Bacillus alkalitelluris IBRC-M 10596T, supporting its placement as a novel species. Phenotypic characteristics, phylogenetic analysis and DNA–DNA relatedness data suggest that this strain represents a novel species of the genus Bacillus , for which the name Bacillus salsus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is strain A24T ( = IBRC-M 10078 T = KCTC 13816T).

scholarly journals Gracilibacillus bigeumensis sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium from solar saltern soil

2012 ◽  
Vol 62 (Pt_8) ◽  
pp. 1857-1863 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pankyung Kim ◽  
Jae-Chan Lee ◽  
Dong-Jin Park ◽  
Kee-Sun Shin ◽  
Jeong-Yoon Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Halophilic Bacterium ◽  
Diaminopimelic Acid ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Strictly Aerobic ◽  
Solar Saltern ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Moderately Halophilic ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Moderately Halophilic Bacterium

A Gram-staining-positive, moderately halophilic bacterium, designated strain BH097T, was isolated from solar saltern soil of Bigeum Island in south-west Korea. Cells were motile rods, producing spherical endospores at a terminal position in swollen sporangia. Strain BH097T was strictly aerobic, grew at pH 5.5–9.5 (optimum, pH 8.0), at 10–52 °C (optimum, 37 °C) and at salinities of 1–22 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 7 % NaCl). On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strain BH097T was shown to belong to the genus Gracilibacillus within the phylum Firmicutes , and showed closest sequence similarity to Gracilibacillus saliphilus DSM 19802T (95.8 %), Gracilibacillus thailandensis TP2-8T (95.6 %), Gracilibacillus boraciitolerans DSM 17256T (95.5 %), ‘Gracilibacillus quinghaiensis’ DSM 17858 (95.4 %) and Gracilibacillus halophilus DSM 17856T (95.2 %). The DNA G+C content of this novel isolate was 37.9 mol%. The major cellular fatty acids of strain BH097T were anteiso-C15 : 0, iso-C15 : 0 and C16 : 0, and its polar lipid pattern consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol two unknown phospholipids and a glycolipid. The isoprenoid quinone was MK-7, and the peptidoglycan type was A1γ, with meso-diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic diamino acid. On the basis of polyphasic evidence from this study, strain BH097T represents a novel species of the genus Gracilibacillus for which the name Gracilibacillus bigeumensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is BH097T ( = KCTC 13130T = DSM 19028T).

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