Dickeya colocasiae sp. nov. isolated from wetland taro, Colocasia esculentum

Bacterial pathogens identified as Dickeya sp. have recently been associated with a corm rot of wetland taro on Oahu, Hawaii, but the species designation of these strains was unclear. A Gram-negative, pectinolytic bacterial strain PL65T isolated from an infected taro corm was subjected to polyphasic analysis to determine its genomic and phenotypic characteristics. Multi-locus sequence analyses (MLSA) based on five housekeeping genes (dnaA, gapA, gyrB, atpD, and purA) revealed that Dickeya zeae and D. oryzae, were the closest relatives. Phylogenetic analysis based on 463 core gene sequences clearly showed two potentially new species within Dickeya oryzae. In silico DNA-DNA hybridization value of strain PL65T with 12 Type strains of Dickeya species was <68%. Average nucleotide identity (ANI) analysis revealed that PL65T was at the margin of the species delineation cut-off values with a 96% ANI value. The metabolic profile of strain PL65T using BIOLOG differentiated it from the type strains of all other known species of Dickeya. Based on the results of genome-to-genome comparisons and phenotypic data presented in this report, we propose establishment of a new species, Dickeya colocasiae sp. nov. with strain PL65T as the type strain (ICMP 24361T).

Marisediminicola senii sp. nov. isolated from Queen Maud Land, Antarctica

A Gram-stain-variable, aerobic, orange pigmented, catalase-positive and oxidase-negative, cocci-shaped bacterium, designated SM7_A14T, isolated from glacier fed sediment sample collected from the Queen Maud Land, near India’s Maitri station in Antarctica. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed highest sequence similarity with Marisediminicola antarctica DSM 22350T (97.3 %), demonstrated distinct phylogenetic positioning of strain SM7_A14T within the genus Marisediminicola . Growth of strain SM7_A14T occurs at 5–25 °C (optimum, 20 °C), pH 7.0–10 (optimum, pH 8.0) with 0–5 % NaCl (optimum 1–4 %, w/v). C15 : 0 anteiso, C17 : 0 anteiso, C16 : 0 iso and C15 : 1 anteiso A are the major fatty acids (>5 % of the total fatty acids). The polar lipid profile consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylglycerol. The average nucleotide identity (ANI) and digital DNA–DNA hybridization values between SM7_A14T and DSM 22350T were 80.3 and 21.3 %, respectively. The genomic DNA G+C content of the strain SM7_A14T was 68.5 %. Distinguishing characteristics based on the polyphasic analysis indicates strain SM7_A14T as a novel species of genus Marisediminicola for which the name Marisediminicola senii sp. nov., is proposed. The type strain is SM7_A14T (=MCC 4327T=JCM 33936T=LMG 31795T).

Croceivirga litoralis sp. nov., isolated from coastal surface water, and reclassification of Muricauda lutea as Croceivirga lutea comb. nov.

A novel Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, yellow-pigmented bacterium was isolated from seawater of Aoshan Bay, and designated as strain ASW18T. Strain ASW18T was a long-rod-shaped bacterium without flagellum and lacked gliding ability. Based on 16S rRNA gene phylogeny, strain ASW18T showed the closest relationship to Croceivirga radicis MCCC 1A06690T, with a sequence similarity of 97.0 %. Strain ASW18T was able to grow at 25–40 °C, at pH 5.5–9.5 and with 0.5–9 % (w/v) NaCl. The genomic DNA G+C content of strain ASW18T was 37.3 %. The predominant cellular fatty acids of strain ASW18T were iso-C15 : 0, iso-C17 : 0 3-OH and iso-C15 : 1 G. The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidyldimethylethanolamine, an aminolipid and three unidentified lipids. The respiratory quinone of strain ASW18T was menaquinone with six isoprene units (MK-6). Based on the present polyphasic analysis, strain ASW18T represents a novel species of the genus Croceivirga , for which the name Croceivirga litoralis sp. nov. is proposed; the type strain is ASW18T (=MCCC 1K04203T=KCTC 72852T). In addition, it is also proposed that Muricauda lutea should be reclassified as Croceivirga lutea comb. nov.; the type strain is CSW06T (=CGMCC 1.15761T=JCM 31455T=KCTC 52375T=MCCC 1K03195T).

Description of a new member of the family Erysipelotrichaceae: Clostridium fusiformis sp. nov., isolated from healthy human feces

ABSTRACTA Gram-positive, non-motile, rod-shaped facultative anaerobic bacterial strain SG502T was isolated from the healthy human fecal samples in Brookings, SD, USA. The comparison of the 16S rRNA gene placed the strain within the Clostridium cluster XVI, where, Clostridium innocuum ATCC 14501T, Longicatena caecimuris strain PG-426-CC-2, Eubacterium dolichum DSM 3991T and Eubacterium tortuosum DSM 3987T were its closest taxa with 95.15%, 94.49%, 93.28%, and 93.20% sequence identities respectively. The optimal growth temperature and pH for the strain SG502T were 37°C and 7.0 respectively. Acetate was the major short-chain fatty acid product of the strain SG502T when grown in BHI-M medium. The major cellular fatty acids produced by the strain SG502T were C18:1 ω9c, C18:0 and C16:0. The DNA G+C content of the strain was 34.34 mol%. The average nucleotide identity of the genome of the strain SG502T and its closest neighbor C. innocuum ATCC 14501T was 63.48%. Based on the polyphasic analysis, the type strain SG502T (=DSM 107282T), represents a novel species of the genus Clostridium for which the name Clostridium fusiformis sp. nov. is proposed.