scholarly journals Pseudomonas allii sp. nov., a pathogen causing soft rot of onion in Japan

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroyuki Sawada ◽  
Takashi Fujikawa ◽  
Mizue Tsuji ◽  
Mamoru Satou
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Soft Rot ◽  
Cellular Fatty Acid ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Total Fatty Acids ◽  
Phylogenomic Analyses

Six phytopathogenic bacterial strains, MAFF 301512, MAFF 301513, MAFF 301514T, MAFF 301515, MAFF 301516 and MAFF 301517, were isolated from soft rot lesions of onion (Allium cepa L.) in Japan. The cells were Gram-reaction-negative, aerobic, non-spore-forming, motile with one or two polar flagella and rod-shaped. Analysis of their 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that they belong to the genus Pseudomonas , with the highest similarities to Pseudomonas poae DSM 14936T (99.86 %), Pseudomonas simiae OLiT (99.85 %), Pseudomonas trivialis DSM 14937T (99.79 %) and Pseudomonas extremorientalis KMM 3447T (99.79 %). Their genomic DNA G+C content was 60.9 mol% and the major fatty acids (>5 % of the total fatty acids) present were C16 : 0, summed feature 3 (C16 : 1 ω7c/C16 : 1 ω6c), summed feature 8 (C18 : 1 ω7c /C18 : 1 ω6c) and C17 : 0 cyclo. Phylogenetic and phylogenomic analyses based on the rpoD gene and whole genome sequences, respectively, demonstrated that the strains belong to the Pseudomonas fluorescens subgroup, but form a monophyletic and robust clade, with Pseudomonas azotoformans as their neighbour. Between the strains and P. azotoformans , the average nucleotide identity scores were 95.63–95.70 %, whereas the digital DNA–DNA hybridization scores of the strains against their closest relatives, including P. azotoformans , were 65.4 % or less, which are lower than the 70 % cut-off for prokaryotic species delineation. The strains were differentiated from their closest relatives by phenotypic characteristics, pathogenicity in onion and cellular fatty acid composition. The phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and genotypic data showed that the strains represent a novel Pseudomonas species, proposed to be named Pseudomonas allii sp. nov., with MAFF 301514T (=ICMP 23680T) being the type strain.

Pseudomonas cyclaminis sp. nov., a pathogen causing bacterial bud blight of cyclamen in Japan

2019 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroyuki Sawada ◽  
Takashi Fujikawa ◽  
Shigeru Osada ◽  
Mamoru Satou
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Cellular Fatty Acid ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Gene Sequences ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Total Fatty Acids

Five phytopathogenic bacterial strains, MAFF 301449T, MAFF 301450, MAFF 301451, MAFF 301452, and MAFF 301453, which were isolated from bud blight lesions of cyclamen (Cyclamen persicum Mill.) in Miyagi, Japan, were subjected to polyphasic taxonomic characterisation. The cells were Gram-reaction-negative, aerobic, non-spore-forming, motile with one to five polar flagella, and rod-shaped. Analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that they belong to the genus Pseudomonas , with Pseudomonas extremaustralis 14-3T (99.79 % sequence similarity), Pseudomonas trivialis DSM 14937T (99.79 %), Pseudomonas poae DSM 14936T (99.72 %), and Pseudomonas antarctica CMS 35T (99.72 %) as their relatives. The genomic DNA G+C content was 60.3 mol% and the major fatty acids (>5 % of the total fatty acids) were C16 : 0, summed feature 3 (C16 : 1 ω7c/C16 : 1 ω6c), summed feature 8 (C18 : 1 ω7c/C18 : 1 ω6c), and C17 : 0 cyclo. Phylogenetic analysis using the rpoD gene sequences and phylogenomic analyses based on the whole genome sequences demonstrated that the strains are members of the Pseudomonas fluorescens subgroup, but form a monophyletic and robust clade separated from their relatives. Average nucleotide identity and digital DNA–DNA hybridisation analyses with the closely related Pseudomonas species corroborated their novel species status. The strains were differentiated from their relatives by phenotypic characteristics, pathogenicity towards cyclamen, cellular fatty acid composition, and whole-cell MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry profiles. Based on the phenotypic, chemotaxonomic, and genotypic data obtained, we conclude that the strains represent a novel Pseudomonas species, for which we propose the name Pseudomonas cyclaminis sp. nov.; the type strain is MAFF 301449T (=ICMP 23720T).

scholarly journals Pseudomonas brassicae sp. nov., a pathogen causing head rot of broccoli in Japan

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (10) ◽  
pp. 5319-5329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroyuki Sawada ◽  
Takashi Fujikawa ◽  
Harukuni Horita
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Sequence Analysis ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Gene Sequence Analysis ◽  
Total Fatty Acids ◽  
Phylogenomic Analyses ◽  
Head Rot

Phytopathogenic bacteria, MAFF 212426, MAFF 212427T, MAFF 212428 and MAFF 212429, were isolated from head rot lesions of broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica Plenck) in Hokkaido, Japan, and subjected to polyphasic taxonomic characterization. The cells were Gram-reaction-negative, aerobic, non-spore-forming, motile with one or two polar flagella, rod-shaped and formed pale yellow colonies. Results of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that they belong to the genus Pseudomonas with the highest similarity to ‘Pseudomonas qingdaonensis’ JJ3T (99.86 %), Pseudomonas laurentiana GSL-010T (99.22 %), Pseudomonas huaxiensis WCHPs060044T (99.01 %), Pseudomonas japonica NBRC 103040T (98.87 %) and Pseudomonas alkylphenolica KL28T (98.73 %). The genomic DNA G+C content was 63.4 mol% and the major fatty acids (>5 % of the total fatty acids) were summed feature 3 (C16 : 1 ω7c / C16 : 1 ω6c), C16 : 0, summed feature 8 (C18 : 1 ω7c / C18 : 1 ω6c) and C17 : 0 cyclo. Multilocus sequence analysis using the partial rpoD, gyrB and rpoB gene sequences and phylogenomic analyses based on the whole genome sequences demonstrated that the strains are members of the Pseudomonas putida group, but form a monophyletic, robust clade separated from their closest relatives. Average nucleotide identity (ANI) and digital DNA–DNA hybridization (dDDH) values corroborated their novel species status, with 88.39 % (ANI) and 35.8 % (dDDH) as the highest scores with ‘P. qingdaonensis’ JJ3T. The strains were differentiated from their closest relatives by phenotypic characteristics, pathogenicity on broccoli, and whole-cell MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry profiles. The phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and genotypic data showed that the strains represent a novel Pseudomonas species, for which the name Pseudomonas brassicae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is MAFF 212427T (=ICMP 23635T).

Chitinophaga oryzae sp. nov., an epiphytic bacterium isolated from rice root surfaces

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nantawan Niemhom ◽  
Chanwit Suriyachadkun ◽  
Chokchai Kittiwongwattana
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Major Polar Lipid ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Respiratory Quinone ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Major Respiratory Quinone ◽  
Phylogenomic Analyses ◽  
Close Relatives

Two Gram-stain-negative, non-motile, rod-shaped bacterial strains were isolated from the surfaces of rice roots. They were designated as strains 1303T and 1310. Their colonies were circular, entire, opaque, convex and yellow. They were chitinase- and catalase-positive, reduced nitrate and grew at 16–37 °C (optimum, 30 °C), pH 5.0–10.0 (optimum, pH 7.0) and 0–2.0% NaCl (optimum, 1.0 %). Based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, they were classified as members of the genus Chitinophaga . Results of phylogenetic and phylogenomic analyses indicated that they formed a cluster with Chitinophaga eiseniae YC6729T, Chitinophaga qingshengii JN246T, Chitinophaga varians 10-7 W-9003T and Chitinophaga fulva G-6-1-13T. When the genomic sequences of strains 1303T and 1310 were compared with their close relatives, the average nucleotide identity and digital DNA–DNA hybridization values were below the cut-off levels. Phosphatidylethanolamine was the major polar lipid. MK-7 was the major respiratory quinone. iso-C15 : 0, C16 : 1  ω5c, iso-C17 : 0 3-OH and summed feature 3 (C16 : 1  ω7c/C16 : 1  ω6c) were the predominant fatty acids. Differential characteristics between both strains and their close relatives were also observed. Based on the distinctions in genotypic, phenotypic and chemotypic features, strains 1303T and 1310 represent members of a novel species of the genus Chitinophaga , for which the name Chitinophaga oryzae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 1303T (=KACC 22075T=TBRC 12926T).

scholarly journals Sphingomonas corticis sp. nov., and Sphingobacterium corticibacterium sp. nov., from bark canker

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (11) ◽  
pp. 5627-5633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Li ◽  
Shengkun Wang ◽  
Ju-pu Chang ◽  
Dan-ran Bian ◽  
Li-min Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Type Strain ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Respiratory Quinone ◽  
Polar Lipid Profile ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type

Two Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, non-motile bacterial strains, 36D10-4-7T and 30C10-4-7T, were isolated from bark canker tissue of Populus × euramericana, respectively. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that strain 36D10-4-7T shows 98.0 % sequence similarity to Sphingomonas adhaesiva DSM 7418T, and strain 30C10-4-7T shows highest sequence similarity to Sphingobacterium arenae H-12T (95.6 %). Average nucleotide identity analysis indicates that strain 36D10-4-7T is a novel member different from recognized species in the genus Sphingomonas . The main fatty acids and respiratory quinone detected in strain 36D10-4-7T are C18 : 1  ω7c and/or C18 : 1  ω6c and Q-10, respectively. The polar lipids are diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylglycerol, aminolipid, phosphatidylethanolamine, sphingoglycolipid, two uncharacterized phospholipids and two uncharacterized lipids. For strain 30C10-4-7T, the major fatty acids and menaquinone are iso-C15 : 0, C16 : 1  ω7c and/or C16 : 1  ω6c and iso-C17 : 0 3-OH and MK-7, respectively. The polar lipid profile includes phosphatidylethanolamine, phospholipids, two aminophospholipids and six unidentified lipids. Based on phenotypic and genotypic characteristics, these two strains represent two novel species within the genera Sphingomonas and Sphingobacterium . The name Sphingomonas corticis sp. nov. (type strain 36D10-4-7T=CFCC 13112T=KCTC 52799T) and Sphingobacterium corticibacterium sp. nov. (type strain 30C10-4-7T=CFCC 13069T=KCTC 52797T) are proposed.

scholarly journals Proposal of Effusibacillus lacus gen. nov., sp. nov., and reclassification of Alicyclobacillus pohliae as Effusibacillus pohliae comb. nov. and Alicyclobacillus consociatus as Effusibacillus consociatus comb. nov.

2014 ◽  
Vol 64 (Pt_8) ◽  
pp. 2770-2774 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miho Watanabe ◽  
Hisaya Kojima ◽  
Manabu Fukui
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Cellular Fatty Acid ◽  
Phenotypic Characterization ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Respiratory Quinone ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Branched Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Branched Chain

A novel thermophilic, facultatively anaerobic bacterium, strain skLN1T, was isolated from the sediment of a freshwater lake in Japan. Cells of strain skLN1T were rod-shaped and Gram-stain-variable. A KOH lysis test suggested that the cell wall of the isolate has a Gram-positive structure. For aerobic growth, the optimum pH was pH 7.25–7.50 and the optimum temperature was 50–52 °C. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 50.8 mol%. Nitrate was reduced to nitrite. Alicyclic fatty acids were not detected, and branched-chain fatty acids were major components in the cellular fatty acid profile. MK-7 was the predominant respiratory quinone. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that the isolated strain was related most closely to Alicyclobacillus consociatus CCUG 53762T (95 % similarity). This analysis also showed that the monophyly of the genus Alicyclobacillus had been lost. On the basis of phylogenetic and phenotypic characterization, Effusibacillus lacus gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Effusibacillus lacus is skLN1T ( = NBRC 109614T = DSM 27172T). It is also proposed that Alicyclobacillus pohliae and Alicyclobacillus consociatus should be reclassified to the genus Effusibacillus as Effusibacillus pohliae comb. nov. and Effusibacillus consociatus comb. nov., respectively.

scholarly journals Rhodoligotrophos jinshengii sp. nov., isolated from activated sludge

2014 ◽  
Vol 64 (Pt_9) ◽  
pp. 3325-3330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shi-Kai Deng ◽  
Guo-Qiang Chen ◽  
Qing Chen ◽  
Shu Cai ◽  
Li Yao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Respiratory Quinone ◽  
Polar Lipid Profile ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Total Fatty Acids ◽  
Ph Range

A Gram-stain-negative, non-spore-forming, non-motile, ovoid, aerobic bacterial strain, designated BUT-3T, was isolated from activated sludge from the wastewater treatment facility of a herbicide-manufacturing plant in Kunshan city, Jiangsu province, PR China. Strain BUT-3T grew between 15 and 40 °C, with optimum growth at 30 °C. The pH range for growth was between 5.0 and 10.0 (optimum pH 7.0). The range of NaCl concentrations for growth of strain BUT-3T was 0–7.0 % (w/v), with an optimum of 1.5–3.0 % (w/v). A phylogenetic tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that strain BUT-3T clustered closely with Rhodoligotrophos appendicifer 120-1T (98.32 % similarity), with a bootstrap confidence level of 100 %. The major fatty acids (>5 % of total fatty acids) were C19 : 0 cyclo ω8c, C18 : 1ω7c, C16 : 0, anteiso-C15 : 0 and iso-C15 : 0. Strain BUT-3T contained ubiquinone Q-10 as the predominant respiratory quinone. The polar lipid profile comprised diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine, three unidentified aminolipids (AL1–3), two unknown phospholipids (PL1, 5), four unidentified glycolipids (GL1–4) and two unknown lipids (L1, 2). The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 67.7 mol%. The DNA–DNA relatedness between BUT-3T and R. appendicifer 120-1T was 44.1±0.6 %. Based on the polyphasic taxonomic data, strain BUT-3T should be classified as a representative of a novel species of the genus Rhodoligotrophos , for which the name Rhodoligotrophos jinshengii sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is BUT-3T ( = CCTCC AB2013083T = KACC 17220T).

scholarly journals Roseobacter cerasinus sp. nov., isolated from a fish farm

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (9) ◽  
pp. 4920-4926 ◽  
Author(s):  
So Muramatsu ◽  
Masataka Kanamuro ◽  
Yuki Sato-Takabe ◽  
Setsuko Hirose ◽  
Yuki Muramatsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Amino Acid Identity ◽  
Fish Farm ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Phenotypic Data ◽  
Respiratory Quinone ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Total Fatty Acids

An obligate aerobic and bacteriochlorophyll a-containing bacterium, designated strain AI77T, was isolated from a fish farm in Uwa Sea, Japan. Cells were Gram-stain-negative, coccoid- to oval-shaped, and showed no motility. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain AI77T is a member of the genus Roseobacter and closely related to Roseobacter ponti MM-7T (97.8 %), Roseobacter denitrificans OCh 114T (97.3 %) and Roseobacter litoralis OCh 149T (97.3 %). The G+C content of strain AI77T was 61.0 mol%. The average amino acid identity values of the genome in strain AI77T with those in R. denitrificans OCh 114T and R. litoralis OCh 149T were 73.26 % (SD 16.46) and 72.63 % (SD 16.76), respectively. The digital DNA–DNA hybridization values of strain AI77T with the type strains R. denitrificans OCh 114T and R. litoralis OCh 149T were 18.70 and 18.50 %, respectively. The dominant fatty acids (>10 % of total fatty acids) of AI77T were summed feature 8 (C18 : 1 ω7c and/or C18 : 1 ω6c) and saturated fatty acid C16 : 0. The sole respiratory quinone was ubiquinone-10. The predominant polar lipids were phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylglycerol and diphosphatidylglycerol. Based on the genetic and phenotypic data obtained herein, we conclude that strain AI77T represents a new species of the genus Roseobacter , for which we propose the name Roseobacter cerasinus sp. nov.; the type strain is AI77T (=DSM 110091T=NBRC 114115T).

scholarly journals Pseudomonas capsici sp. nov., a plant-pathogenic bacterium isolated from pepper leaf in Georgia, USA

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mei Zhao ◽  
Santosh Koirala ◽  
Hsiao-Chun Chen ◽  
Ronald Gitaitis ◽  
Brian Kvitko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Fatty Acid Analysis ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Pseudomonas Cichorii ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Fluorescent Pigment ◽  
Phylogenomic Analyses

Three phytopathogenic bacterial strains (Pc19-1T, Pc19-2 and Pc19-3) were isolated from seedlings displaying water-soaked, dark brown-to-black, necrotic lesions on pepper (Capsicum annuum) leaves in Georgia, USA. Upon isolation on King’s medium B, light cream-coloured colonies were observed and a diffusible fluorescent pigment was visible under ultraviolet light. Analysis of their 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that they belonged to the genus Pseudomonas , with the highest similarity to Pseudomonas cichorii ATCC 10857T (99.7 %). The fatty acid analysis revealed that the majority of the fatty acids were summed feature 3 (C16  :  1 ω7c/C16  :  1 ω6c), C16  :  0 and summed feature 8 (C18  :  1 ω7c/C18  :  1 ω6c). Phylogenomic analyses based on whole genome sequences demonstrated that the pepper strains belonged to the Pseudomonas syringae complex with P. cichorii as their closest neighbour, and formed a separate monophyletic clade from other species. Between the pepper strains and P. cichorii , the average nucleotide identity values were 91.3 %. Furthermore, the digital DNA–DNA hybridization values of the pepper strains when compared to their closest relatives, including P. cichorii , were 45.2 % or less. In addition, biochemical and physiological features were examined in this study and the results indicate that the pepper strains represent a novel Pseudomonas species. Therefore, we propose a new species Pseudomonas capsici sp. nov., with Pc19-1T (=CFBP 8884T=LMG 32209T) as the type strain. The DNA G+C content of the strain Pc19-1T is 58.4 mol%.

scholarly journals Paraflavitalea devenefica sp. nov., isolated from urban soil

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoxiao Hou ◽  
Hongliang Liu ◽  
Yumang Shang ◽  
Sidi Mao ◽  
Shucheng Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Urban Soil ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Elemental Selenium ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Total Fatty Acids

A Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped, mesophilic, milky white-pigmented, aerobic, non-spore-forming and non-flagellated bacterium, designated strain X16T, was isolated from urban soil of Zibo, Shandong, China. According to 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, the isolate showed highest similarities with Paraflavitalea soli 5GH32-13T (97.6 %), Pseudoflavitalea soli KIS20-3T (96.2 %), Pseudobacter ginsenosidimutans Gsoil 221T (96.0 %) and Pseudoflavitalea rhizosphaerae T16R-265T (95.8 %). The neighbour-joining tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain X16T formed a subcluster with Paraflavitalea soli 5GH32-13T, and the subcluster was closely related to Pseudoflavitalea soli KIS20-3T, Pseudobacter ginsenosidimutans Gsoil 221T and Pseudoflavitalea rhizosphaerae T16R-265T. Strain X16T also formed a subcluster with Paraflavitalea soli 5GH32-13T in phylogenetic tree based on genomic sequences. The polar lipids are phosphatidylethanolamine, two unknown aminolipids, two unknown aminophospholipids, two unknown lipids and two unknown phospholipids. The major quinone of strain X16T is menaquinone-7 and the main fatty acids (>10 % of total fatty acids) of strain X16T are iso-C15 : 0, iso-C17 : 0 3-OH and iso-C15 : 1 G. The genome length of strain X16T is 8.7 Mb with a DNA G+C content of 47.4 %. ANI values among strain X16T and strain Paraflavitalea soli 5GH32-13T, Pseudobacter ginsenosidimutans Gsoil 221T, and Pseudoflavitalea rhizosphaerae T16R-265T are 78.1, 70.7, 70.6 %, respectively. On the basis of the results of the polyphasic characterization presented in this study, it is concluded that strain X16T represents a novel species. Besides, strain X16T can detoxify high toxicity selenite [Se(IV)] to low toxicity elemental selenium [Se(0)], for which the name Paraflavitale devenefica sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is X16T (=KACC 21698T=GDMCC1.1757T).

scholarly journals Paenibacillus shirakamiensis sp. nov., isolated from the trunk surface of a Japanese oak (Quercus crispula)

2014 ◽  
Vol 64 (Pt_5) ◽  
pp. 1763-1769 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akio Tonouchi ◽  
Daisuke Tazawa ◽  
Takashi Fujita
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Cellular Fatty Acid ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Unidentified Phospholipid ◽  
Respiratory Quinone ◽  
Quercus Crispula ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Total Fatty Acids

A novel bacterial strain designated P-1T was isolated from the trunk surface of a Japanese oak (Quercus crispula) growing in the Shirakami Mountains in Japan. Cells of strain P-1T were Gram-stain-negative, ellipsoidal endospore-forming, aerobic, slightly acidophilic rods, 0.8×2–5 µm, and motile by means of peritrichous flagella. Various carbohydrates could be used as growth substrates, but none of the organic acids tested were used. The major cellular fatty acid was anteiso-C15 : 0, which accounted for 64.2 % of the total fatty acids. The major respiratory quinone was menaquinone 7 (MK-7). Strain P-1T contained phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylethanolamine, four unidentified aminolipids, an unidentified phospholipid and two unidentified polar lipids. Strain P-1T shared the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with Paenibacillus pini S22T (96.6 %), followed by Paenibacillus chibensis JCM 9905T (96.1 %) and Paenibacillus anaericanus MH21T (95.9 %). The DNA G+C content was 43.9 mol%. These data indicate that strain P-1T represents a novel species within the genus Paenibacillus , for which we propose the name Paenibacillus shirakamiensis sp. nov. The type strain is P-1T (NBRC 109471T = DSM 26806T = KCTC 33126T = CIP 110571T).

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