scholarly journals Automatic PET-CT Image Registration Method Based on Mutual Information and Genetic Algorithms

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Marinelli ◽  
Vincenzo Positano ◽  
Francesco Tucci ◽  
Danilo Neglia ◽  
Luigi Landini
Keyword(s):  
Mutual Information ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Global Maximum ◽  
Similarity Function ◽  
Spatial Transformation ◽  
Registration Method ◽  
Registration Algorithm ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Artery Disease

Hybrid PET/CT scanners can simultaneously visualize coronary artery disease as revealed by computed tomography (CT) and myocardial perfusion as measured by positron emission tomography (PET). Manual registration is usually required in clinical practice to compensate spatial mismatch between datasets. In this paper, we present a registration algorithm that is able to automatically align PET/CT cardiac images. The algorithm bases on mutual information (MI) as registration metric and on genetic algorithm as optimization method. A multiresolution approach was used to optimize the processing time. The algorithm was tested on computerized models of volumetric PET/CT cardiac data and on real PET/CT datasets. The proposed automatic registration algorithm smoothes the pattern of the MI and allows it to reach the global maximum of the similarity function. The implemented method also allows the definition of the correct spatial transformation that matches both synthetic and real PET and CT volumetric datasets.

scholarly journals IMAGE REGISTRATION BASED ON MAXIMIZATION OF GRADIENT CODE MUTUAL INFORMATION

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoxiang Wang ◽  
Jie Tian
Keyword(s):  
Image Registration ◽  
Mutual Information ◽  
Search Space ◽  
Image Resolution ◽  
Hill Climbing ◽  
Global Maximum ◽  
Registration Method ◽  
Pixel Intensity ◽  
Biological Images ◽  
Reference Images

Herein one proposes a mutual information-based registration method using pixel gradient information rather than pixel intensity information. Special care is paid to finding the global maximum of the registration function. In particular, one uses simulated annealing method speeded up by including a statistical analysis to reduce the next search space across the cooling schedule. An additional speed up is obtained by combining this numerical strategy with hill-climbing method. Experimental results obtained on a limited database of biological images illustrate that the proposed method for image registration is relatively fast, and performs well as the overlap between the floating and reference images is decreased and/or the image resolution is coarsened.

Observer repeatability and interscan reproducibility of 18F-sodium fluoride coronary microcalcification activity (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Slomka
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Fluoride ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Coronary Vessels ◽  
Global Measure ◽  
Multivessel Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Patient Level ◽  
Standardized Uptake Values ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Artery Disease

UNSTRUCTURED Background (words 199/200) We aimed to establish the observer repeatability and interscan reproducibility of coronary 18F-sodium fluoride (18F-NaF) positron emission tomography (PET) uptake using a novel semi-automated approach, coronary microcalcification activity (CMA). Methods Patients with multivessel coronary artery disease underwent repeated hybrid PET and computed tomography angiography (CTA) imaging (PET/CTA). CMA was defined as the integrated standardized uptake values (SUV) in the entire coronary tree exceeding 2 standard deviations above the background SUV. Coefficients of repeatability between the same observer (intraobserver repeatability), between 2 observers (interobserver repeatability) and coefficient of reproducibility between 2 scans (interscan reproducibility), were determined at both vessel and patient level. Results In 19 patients, CMA was assessed twice in 43 coronary vessels on two PET/CT scans performed 12±5 days apart. There was excellent intraclass correlation on a per-vessel and per-patient level for intraobserver and interobserver repeatability as well as interscan reproducibility (≥0.991 for all). There was 100% intraobserver, interobserver and interscan agreement for the presence (CMA>0) or absence (CMA=0) of coronary18F-NaF uptake. Mean CMA was 3.12±0.62 with coefficients of repeatability of ≤10% for all measures: intraobserver 0.24 and 0.22, interobserver 0.30 and 0.29 and interscan 0.33 and 0.32 at a per-vessel and per-patient level respectively. Conclusions CMA is a repeatable and reproducible global measure of coronary atherosclerotic activity.

scholarly journals Positron Emission Tomography in the Diagnosis and Management of Coronary Artery Disease

Medicina ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eglė Kazakauskaitė ◽  
Diana Žaliaduonytė-Pekšienė ◽  
Eglė Rumbinaitė ◽  
Justas Keršulis ◽  
Ilona Kulakienė ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Imaging Modalities ◽  
Lv Function ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Artery Disease

Cardiac positron emission tomography (PET) and positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) are encouraging precise non-invasive imaging modalities that allow imaging of the cellular function of the heart, while other non-invasive cardiovascular imaging modalities are considered to be techniques for imaging the anatomy, morphology, structure, function and tissue characteristics. The role of cardiac PET has been growing rapidly and providing high diagnostic accuracy of coronary artery disease (CAD). Clinical cardiology has established PET as a criterion for the assessment of myocardial viability and is recommended for the proper management of reduced left ventricle (LV) function and ischemic cardiomyopathy. Hybrid PET/CT imaging has enabled simultaneous integration of the coronary anatomy with myocardial perfusion and metabolism and has improved characterization of dysfunctional areas in chronic CAD. Also, the availability of quantitative myocardial blood flow (MBF) evaluation with various PET perfusion tracers provides additional prognostic information and enhances the diagnostic performance of nuclear imaging.

scholarly journals Inflammation, Atherosclerosis, and Coronary Artery Disease: PET/CT for the Evaluation of Atherosclerosis and Inflammation

2014 ◽  
Vol 8s3 ◽  
pp. CMC.S17063 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadia Alie ◽  
Mootaz Eldib ◽  
Zahi A. Fayad ◽  
Venkatesh Mani
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Walls ◽  
Major Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Fdg Pet Ct ◽  
Preclinical And Clinical Studies

Atherosclerosis is a prevalent cardiovascular disease marked by inflammation and the formation of plaque within arterial walls. As the disease progresses, there is an increased risk of major cardiovascular events. Owing to the nature of atherosclerosis, it is imperative to develop methods to further understand the physiological implications and progression of the disease. The combination of positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) has proven to be promising for the evaluation of atherosclerotic plaques and inflammation within the vessel walls. The utilization of the radiopharmaceutical tracer, 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG), with PET/CT is invaluable in understanding the pathophysiological state involved in atherosclerosis. In this review, we will discuss the use of 18F-FDG-PET/CT imaging for the evaluation of atherosclerosis and inflammation both in preclinical and clinical studies. The potential of more specific novel tracers will be discussed. Finally, we will touch on the potential benefits of using the newly introduced combined PET/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for non-invasive imaging of atherosclerosis.

Abstract 19179: Prognostic Value of Combined Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography and Positron Emission Tomography Perfusion Imaging in Patients With Suspected Coronary Artery Disease

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 130 (suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Teemu Maaniitty ◽  
Iida Soukka ◽  
Antti Saraste ◽  
Valtteri Uusitalo ◽  
Heikki Ukkonen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Perfusion Imaging ◽  
Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Artery Disease

Objectives: Hybrid imaging using coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) and positron emission tomography (PET) perfusion imaging accurately detects functionally significant coronary artery disease (CAD), but its optimal clinical use remains unknown. We studied the prognostic significance of strategy utilizing sequential CTA for exclusion of CAD followed by PET perfusion imaging for evaluating functional significance of any suspected obstructive lesions with a hybrid PET-CT device in symptomatic patients with suspected intermediate probability of CAD. Methods: We identified a cohort of 864 consecutive patients undergone hybrid PET-CT for the detection of suspected CAD. All patients had CTA and based on CTA findings, haemodynamic significance of any suspected stenoses was evaluated by PET perfusion imaging using H 2 15 O during adenosine-induced stress. Major adverse cardiac events (MACE) including death, myocardial infarction (MI) and unstable angina pectoris (UAP), were collected from the national healthcare statistics. Results: After exclusion of 97 patients undergone early (< 6 months) revascularization, 767 patients with age of 61 ± 10 years (41% males) were followed-up for a median time of 2.5 years. During the follow-up 6 deaths, 5 MIs and 3 UAPs occurred. In 462 patients, obstructive CAD was excluded based on CTA alone and the remaining patients with suspected stenoses (n=305, 39.8%) underwent PET perfusion imaging. In patients with normal or non-obstructive CTA annual incidence of MACE was only 0.16%, whereas in patients with suspected stenosis based on CTA it was 1.36% (p<0.05 vs. no stenosis). In patients with suspected obstructive lesion based on CTA, patients with normal PET perfusion had significantly lower event rate than patients with ischemia (0.54 vs. 2.78%, p<0.05). Conclusion: In patients with suspected obstructive CAD PET perfusion imaging after CT angiography is able to accurately identify those patients with high risk of future MACE. Sequential use of CTA and PET perfusion imaging appears powerful and safe strategy for targeting therapeutic procedures in high risk individuals.

Motion correction in PET/CT

2005 ◽  
Vol 44 (S 01) ◽  
pp. S46-S50 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Dawood ◽  
N. Lang ◽  
F. Büther ◽  
M. Schäfers ◽  
O. Schober ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Flow ◽  
Motion Correction ◽  
Motion Vector ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Cardiac Pet ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Flow Algorithm ◽  
Motion Vector Field

Summary:Motion in PET/CT leads to artifacts in the reconstructed PET images due to the different acquisition times of positron emission tomography and computed tomography. The effect of motion on cardiac PET/CT images is evaluated in this study and a novel approach for motion correction based on optical flow methods is outlined. The Lukas-Kanade optical flow algorithm is used to calculate the motion vector field on both simulated phantom data as well as measured human PET data. The motion of the myocardium is corrected by non-linear registration techniques and results are compared to uncorrected images.

The Potential Value of Hybrid Positron Emission Tomography/Dual-Source Computed Tomography Imaging in Coronary Bypass Surgery

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andre Plass ◽  
Maximilian Y. Emmert ◽  
Oliver Gaemperli ◽  
Hatem Alkadhi ◽  
Philipp Kaufmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Angiography ◽  
Myocardial Perfusion ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Bypass Surgery ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Pet Ct

<p><b>Background:</b> We evaluated how comprehensive assessment of coronary artery lesions and their hemodynamic relevance by means of hybrid positron emission tomography (PET) and computed tomography (CT) imaging would affect decision-making in coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG), compared with using invasive coronary angiography (ICA) alone.</p><p><b>Methods:</b> After undergoing ICA, 27 patients (21 men and 6 women; mean SD age, 66 � 10 years) planned for cardiac surgery were scheduled for myocardial perfusion stress/rest evaluation with [13N]ammonia PET and CT coronary angiography. Only ICA was available to the surgeon. Postoperatively, the performed CABG was compared with the hypothetical strategy based on hybrid PET/CT findings (regional coronary flow reserve [CFR], myocardial perfusion defects). Procedures included CABG (n = 18) alone, CABG combined with valve replacement (n = 6), and CABG combined with isolated valve replacement (n = 3). A total of 56 bypass grafts (28 venous and 28 arterial) and 66 distal anastomoses were placed.</p><p><b>Results:</b> CT evaluation showed 93% concordance (66/71) with ICA regarding significant stenoses, with sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of 93.1%, 98.7%, 94.4%, and 98.4%, respectively. In the PET scan, 16 patients had 1 ischemic region, and 12 patients had 1 scar region, including 5 patients who presented with mixed conditions (scar and ischemia). One patient had a completely normal myocardium. Compared with the performed surgery, PET/CT fusion evaluation showed that of the performed anastomoses, 48% had documented ischemia (with a CFR <2 in 86%), 38% were nonischemic (although a CFR value <2 was found in 78%), and 14% had scar tissue (fixed perfusion defect).</p><p><b>Conclusions:</b> Although <50% of bypasses were placed to areas with myocardial ischemia, the CFR was low in the majority of nonischemic regions, a finding that may have important prognostic relevance. PET/CT fusion imaging could potentially influence planning for CABG and provide incremental prognostic information.</p>

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