scholarly journals Spatial Distribution of Tropospheric Ozone in National Parks of California: Interpretation of Passive-Sampler Data

2001 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 483-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
John D. Ray
Keyword(s):  
National Parks ◽  
Rocky Mountain ◽  
Standard Operating Procedure ◽  
Passive Samplers ◽  
Quality Assurance Program ◽  
Spatial Distributions ◽  
Great Smoky Mountains ◽  
Mount Rainier ◽  
Park Service ◽  
Baseline Values

The National Park Service (NPS) has tested and used passive ozone samplers for several years to get baseline values for parks and to determine the spatial variability within parks. Experience has shown that the Ogawa passive samplers can provide ±10% accuracy when used with a quality assurance program consisting of blanks, duplicates, collocated instrumentation, and a standard operating procedure that carefully guides site operators. Although the passive device does not meet EPA criteria as a certified method (mainly, that hourly values be measured), it does provide seasonal summed values of ozone. The seasonal ozone concentrations from the passive devices can be compared to other monitoring to determine baseline values, trends, and spatial variations. This point is illustrated with some kriged interpolation maps of ozone statistics. Passive ozone samplers were used to get elevational gradients and spatial distributions of ozone within a park. This was done in varying degrees at Mount Rainier, Olympic, Sequoia–Kings Canyon, Yosemite, Joshua Tree, Rocky Mountain, and Great Smoky Mountains national parks. The ozone has been found to vary by factors of 2 and 3 within a park when average ozone is compared between locations. Specific examples of the spatial distributions of ozone in three parks within California are given using interpolation maps. Positive aspects and limitations of the passive sampling approach are presented.

scholarly journals Zoonotic Infections Among Employees from Great Smoky Mountains and Rocky Mountain National Parks, 2008–2009

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 922-931 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Adjemian ◽  
Ingrid B. Weber ◽  
Jennifer McQuiston ◽  
Kevin S. Griffith ◽  
Paul S. Mead ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Parks ◽  
Rocky Mountain ◽  
Great Smoky Mountains ◽  
Zoonotic Infections ◽  
Smoky Mountains

scholarly journals Progress Report on the History of Forest Fires in Yellowstone National Park

1977 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
Richard Levinson ◽  
Ronald Marrs
Keyword(s):  
National Parks ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
National Park ◽  
Fire History ◽  
National Park Service ◽  
Research Effort ◽  
Rocky Mountain ◽  
Remotely Sensed Data ◽  
Park Service ◽  
Remote Sensing Techniques

This report discusses a research effort to determine the utility of remotely sensed data to delineate a forest fire history for Yellowstone and Grand Teton National Parks. Research was supported by the National Park Service and the Northern Rocky Mountain Parks Studies Cooperative Program. We are grateful for the cooperation and assistance given us by Dr. Don Despain and other personnel of the National Park Service who provided data and logistical support for this research. We also thank Dr. Dennis Knight and Mr. Bill Romme of the Department of Botany, University of Wyoming, for their assistance in gathering field data essential for evaluation of the remote sensing techniques.

scholarly journals Biogeography of Mammals in Rocky Mountain National Parks

1992 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 23-24
Author(s):  
Susan Glenn ◽  
Ian Butler ◽  
Brian Chapman ◽  
Rebecca Rudman
Keyword(s):  
National Parks ◽  
Rocky Mountain ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Regional Office ◽  
Cd Rom ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
Elevation Data ◽  
Park Service ◽  
Species Lists ◽  
Data Layers

The first phase of the project was to determine which mammal species may have gone locally extinct from the national parks and which of these extinctions were in populations at the edge of their range. Susan Glenn met with Robert Schiller in the NPS Regional Office in Denver in July 1992. During this meeting, the validity of the park species lists was discussed. Only verified species records were being used and some groups of species had not been thoroughly inventoried in many of the parks. Species lists have not been obtained from some parks. Problems in species lists has been documented by the National Park Service (Stohlgren and Quinn 1992). Therefore, it cannot be assumed that all species that are missing from the park lists have gone locally extinct. Species habitat requirements are being analyzed to determine if the parks are likely to maintain populations of the missing species. We acquired 3-arc second digital elevation data of the study area from Rocky Mountain Communications Inc. on CD-ROM. This data was merged for the Rocky Mountain region of the project. A VHRR satellite data has been obtained for mapping land cover. These auxiliary data layers will be used to refine the mammal distribution maps. In order to use these data, we have developed a database in dBase on habitat, and elevation range tolerance of each species. Brian Chapman, Warren Drummond and Susan Glenn visited several parks to obtain habitat information and verify species lists.

Lightning Occurrence and Casualties in U.S. National Parks

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald L. Holle ◽  
William A. Brooks ◽  
Kenneth L. Cummins
Keyword(s):  
National Parks ◽  
National Park ◽  
Grand Canyon ◽  
Rocky Mountain ◽  
Great Smoky Mountains ◽  
Continental Divide ◽  
Lightning Detection ◽  
Smoky Mountains ◽  
Local Topography ◽  
Time Of Year

AbstractNational park visitors travel primarily to view natural features while outdoors, however visits often occur in warmer months when lightning is present. This study uses cloud-to-ground flashes from 1999-2018 and cloud-to-ground strokes from 2009-2018 from the National Lightning Detection Network to identify lightning at the 46 contiguous United States national parks larger than 100 km2. The largest density is 6.10 flashes km-2 y-1 within Florida’s Everglades, and the smallest is near zero in Pinnacles National Park.The six most-visited parks are Great Smoky Mountains, Grand Canyon, Rocky Mountain, Zion, Yosemite, and Yellowstone. For these parks, lightning data are described by frequency, location and time of year and day. The four parks west of the Continental Divide have most lightning from 01 July to 15 September, and 1100 to 1900 LST. Each park has its own spatial lightning pattern dependent on local topography.Deaths and injuries from lightning within national parks have the same summer afternoon dominance shown by lightning data. Most casualties occur to people visiting from outside the parks’ states. The most common activities and locations are mountain climbing, hiking, and viewing canyons from overlooks.Lightning Fatality Risk, the product of areal visitor and CG flash densities, shows that many casualties are not in parks with high Risk, while very small Risk indicates parks where lightning awareness efforts can be minimized. As a result, safety advice should focus on specific locations where lightning-vulnerable activities are engaged by many visitors such as canyon rims, mountains and exposed high-altitude roads.

YMCA Hiking Patterns at Rocky Mountain National Park: Implications for Public Health

2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas R. Collingwood ◽  
Alicia Adcock ◽  
John Librett
Keyword(s):  
National Parks ◽  
Energy Cost ◽  
National Park ◽  
National Park Service ◽  
Rocky Mountain ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
Rocky Mountain National Park ◽  
Public Land ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Park Service

Background:There is little data on hiking patterns in national parks to support hiking behavior as a vehicle to meet the joint YMCA, CDC, and National Park Service initiatives to encourage physical activity through public land use.Methods:The YMCA of the Rockies hiking program provided data from Hike Report forms completed after 343 supervised hikes for one summer season in Rocky Mountain National Park (ROMO) to assess visitor hiking patterns.Results:Of the total hikes, 64.4% were categorized as easy, 27.1% moderate, and 8.5% difficult. There were 1937 individual hikers which represented 13.3% of the estimated potential hiker sample. The majority of hikers (69%) only took easy hikes with 72.7% participating in only one hike and 27.3% doing two or more hikes. Energy cost estimates for hike categories indicated mean MET levels between 4.0 to 5.7.Conclusion:Hiking patterns at ROMO may be reflective of general population inactivity suggesting the need to design strategies to promote visitor hiking.

From Competition to Cooperation: A History of Canada–US National Park Relations

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terence Young ◽  
Alan MacEachern ◽  
Lary Dilsaver
Keyword(s):  
National Parks ◽  
National Park ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Us ◽  
Park Service ◽  
Settler Societies ◽  
History Of ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Flow Of Information ◽  
The Relationship

This essay explores the evolving international relationship of the two national park agencies that in 1968 began to offer joint training classes for protected-area managers from around the world. Within the British settler societies that dominated nineteenth century park-making, the United States’ National Park Service (NPS) and Canada’s National Parks Branch were the most closely linked and most frequently cooperative. Contrary to campfire myths and nationalist narratives, however, the relationship was not a one-way flow of information and motivation from the US to Canada. Indeed, the latter boasted a park bureaucracy before the NPS was established. The relationship of the two nations’ park leaders in the half century leading up to 1968 demonstrates the complexity of defining the influences on park management and its diffusion from one country to another.

Are We Loving Our National Parks to Death? A Call for Research on Crime and Law Enforcement in the U.S. National Park System

2021 ◽  
pp. 073401682110157
Author(s):  
William Andrew Stadler ◽  
Cheryl Lero Jonson ◽  
Brooke Miller Gialopsos
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
National Parks ◽  
National Park ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Road Map ◽  
Current State ◽  
Park Service ◽  
Service Data ◽  
National Park System ◽  
The U.S

Despite a recent surge of visitation and frequent media accounts of lawlessness in America’s national parks, little empirical research has been dedicated to crime and law enforcement in the U.S. national park system. The absence of systematic crime and justice research within these protected spaces should raise concern, as recent park service data and intra-agency reports suggest visitor growth, funding and personnel declines, operational shortcomings, and technology constraints may endanger the capacity of the National Park Service (NPS) to adequately address anticipated crime threats in the 21st century. This call for research aims to raise awareness of the contemporary law enforcement challenges facing this federal agency and encourage the study of crime and justice issues within the U.S. national park system. We briefly examine the evolution and current state of NPS law enforcement and its associated challenges and conclude with a conceptual road map for future research occurring in these protected spaces.

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