scholarly journals Neuronal synchrony and the relation between the BOLD response and the local field potential

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dora Hermes ◽  
Mai Nguyen ◽  
Jonathan Winawer
Keyword(s):  
Human Brain ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Field Potential ◽  
Neuronal Population ◽  
Alpha Power ◽  
Bold Signal ◽  
Population Responses ◽  
Data Matching ◽  
Two Measures ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThe most widespread measures of human brain activity are the blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) signal and surface field potential. Prior studies report a variety of relationships between these signals. To develop an understanding of how to interpret these signals and the relationship between them, we developed a model of (a) neuronal population responses, and (b) transformations from neuronal responses into the fMRI BOLD signal and electrocorticographic (ECoG) field potential. Rather than seeking a transformation between the two measures directly, this approach interprets each measure with respect to the underlying neuronal population responses. This model accounts for the relationship between BOLD and ECoG data from human visual cortex in V1-V3, with the model predictions and data matching in three ways: Across stimuli, the BOLD amplitude and ECoG broadband power were positively correlated, the BOLD amplitude and alpha power (8-13 Hz) were negatively correlated, and the BOLD amplitude and narrowband gamma power (30-80 Hz) were uncorrelated. The two measures provide complementary information about human brain activity and we infer that features of the field potential that are uncorrelated with BOLD arise largely from changes in synchrony, rather than level, of neuronal activity.

Decoding of the relationship between human brain activity and walking paths

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahul Mujib Kamal ◽  
Sue Sim ◽  
Rui Tee ◽  
Visvamba Nathan ◽  
Erfan Aghasian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Brain ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals How attitudes generated by humanoid robots shape human brain activity

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Di Cesare ◽  
F. Vannucci ◽  
F. Rea ◽  
A. Sciutti ◽  
G. Sandini
Keyword(s):  
Human Brain ◽  
Humanoid Robot ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Negative Attitude ◽  
Humanoid Robots ◽  
Bold Signal ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Soft Or ◽  
Forms Of Vitality

Abstract During interpersonal interactions, people perform actions with different forms of vitality, communicating their positive or negative attitude toward others. For example, a handshake can be “soft” or “vigorous”, a caress can be ‘kind’ or ‘rushed’. While previous studies have shown that the dorso-central insula is a key area for the processing of human vitality forms, there is no information on the perception of vitality forms generated by a humanoid robot. In this study, two fMRI experiments were conducted in order to investigate whether and how the observation of actions generated by a humanoid robot (iCub) with low and fast velocities (Study 1) or replicating gentle and rude human forms (Study 2) may convey vitality forms eliciting the activation of the dorso-central insula. These studies showed that the observation of robotic actions, generated with low and high velocities, resulted in activation of the parieto-frontal circuit typically involved in the recognition and the execution of human actions but not of the insula (Study 1). Most interestingly, the observation of robotic actions, generated by replicating gentle and rude human vitality forms, produced a BOLD signal increase in the dorso-central insula (Study 2). In conclusion, these data highlight the selective role of dorso-central insula in the processing of vitality forms opening future perspectives on the perception and understanding of actions performed by humanoid robots.

scholarly journals Age and APOE genotype affect the relationship between objectively measured physical activity and power in the alpha band, a marker of brain disease.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaisalmer de Frutos-Lucas ◽  
Pablo Cuesta ◽  
Federico Ramirez-Toraño ◽  
Alberto Nebreda ◽  
Esther Cuadrado-Soto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Apoe Genotype ◽  
Alpha Power ◽  
Alpha Band ◽  
Electrophysiological Studies ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Predicted Risk

Abstract BACKGROUND Electrophysiological studies show that reductions in power within the alpha band are associated with the Alzheimer’s disease (AD) continuum. Physical activity (PA) is a protective factor that has proved to reduce AD risk and pathological brain burden. Previous research has confirmed that exercise increases power in the alpha range. However, little is known regarding whether other non-modifiable risk factors for AD, such as increased age or APOE ε4 carriage, alter the association between PA and power in the alpha band.METHODS The relationship between PA and alpha power band was examined in a sample of 113 healthy adults using magnetoencephalography. Additionally, we explored whether ε4 carriage and age modulate this association. The correlations between alpha power and gray matter volumes and cognition were also investigated.RESULTS We detected a parieto-occipital cluster in which PA positively correlated with alpha power. The association between PA and alpha power remained following stratification of the cohort by genotype. Younger and older adults were investigated separately, and younger adults only exhibited a positive relationship between PA and alpha power. Interestingly, when four groups were created based on age (younger-older adult) and APOE (E3/E3-E3/E4), only younger E3/E3 (least predicted risk) and older E3/E4 (greatest predicted risk) had associations between greater alpha power and higher PA. Among older E3/E4, greater alpha power in these regions was associated with improved memory and preserved brain structure.CONCLUSION PA could protect against the slowing of brain activity that characterizes the AD continuum, where it is of benefit for all individuals, especially E3/E4 older adults.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN KINERJA OTAK DENGAN SPIRITUALITAS MANUSIA DIUKUR DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN INDONESIA SPIRITUAL HEALTH ASSESSMENT PADA DOSEN STAIN MANADO

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fitria Angraini Dalili ◽  
Taufiq F. Pasiak ◽  
Sunny Wangko
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Human Brain ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Health Assessment ◽  
Meaning Of Life ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Spiritual Health ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract: Neuroscience is a science about the nervous system especially the brain. According to Daniel Amen who used SPECT to watch brain activity that was associated with the soul, brain was  divided into five main systems: prefrontal cortex, limbic system, ganglia basalis, gyrus cingulatus, and temporal lobe. A person’s spirituality is related to the purpose and meaning of his/her life as a manifestation of one’s relationship with God. Spirituality has four dimensions, namely the meaning of life, positive emotions, spiritual experiences and rituals. In Indonesia, Indonesia Spiritual Health Assessment (ISHA) is used to assess a person’s spirituality. The purpose of this research was to determine the relationship of spirituality with the human brain among Manado STAIN lecturers. This was a descriptive analytic study with 30 respondents. The results were analyzed by using the Spearmen correlation analysis. There was a significant correlation between the performance of the human brain and spirituality, in this case the relationship was between the prefrontal cortex and the meaning of life. Conclusion: There was a strong relationship between the human brain and spirituality. Keywords: brain, ISHA, spirituality.  Abstrak: Neurosains adalah ilmu yang mempelajari tentang semua hal yang berkaitan dengan sistem saraf, dalam hal ini otak. Daniel Amen yang menggunakan SPECT dalam mengamati aktivitas otak yang berhubungan dengan jiwa, membagi otak ke dalam lima sistem utama: cortex prefrontalis, sistem limbik, ganglia basalis, gyrus cingulatus, dan lobus temporalis. Spiritualitas seseorang berkaitan dengan tujuan dan makna hidup kehidupan secara keseluruhan, sebagai manifestasi hubungannya dengan Tuhan. Spiritualitas mempunyai empat dimensi yaitu makna hidup, emosi positif, pengalaman spiritual, dan ritual. Di Indonesia, alat ukur spiritual yang digunakan yaitu Indonesia Spiritual Health Assessment (ISHA). Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan kinerja otak dengan spiritualitas manusia pada dosen STAIN Manado. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif analitik dengan jumlah responden 30 orang. Hasil penelitian dianalisis dengan analisis korelasi Spearmen yang menunjukkan adanya korelasi bermakna antara kinerja otak dan spiritualitas manusia, dalam hal ini hubungan antara cortex prefrontalis dan makna hidup. Simpulan: Terdapat hubungan bermakna antara kinerja otak dan spiritualitas manusia. Kata kunci: otak, ISHA, spiritualitas.

scholarly journals Age and APOE genotype affect the relationship between objectively measured physical activity and power in the alpha band, a marker of brain disease.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaisalmer de Frutos-Lucas ◽  
Pablo Cuesta ◽  
Federico Ramirez-Toraño ◽  
Alberto Nebreda ◽  
Esther Cuadrado-Soto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Apoe Genotype ◽  
Alpha Power ◽  
Alpha Band ◽  
Electrophysiological Studies ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Predicted Risk

Abstract BACKGROUND: Electrophysiological studies show that reductions in power within the alpha band are associated with the Alzheimer’s disease (AD) continuum. Physical activity (PA) is a protective factor that has proved to reduce AD risk and pathological brain burden. Previous research has confirmed that exercise increases power in the alpha range. However, little is known regarding whether other non-modifiable risk factors for AD, such as increased age or APOE ε4 carriage, alter the association between PA and power in the alpha band. METHODS: The relationship between PA and alpha band power was examined in a sample of 113 healthy adults using magnetoencephalography. Additionally, we explored whether ε4 carriage and age modulate this association. The correlations between alpha power and gray matter volumes and cognition were also investigated. RESULTS: We detected a parieto-occipital cluster in which PA positively correlated with alpha power. The association between PA and alpha power remained following stratification of the cohort by genotype. Younger and older adults were investigated separately, and only younger adults exhibited a positive relationship between PA and alpha power. Interestingly, when four groups were created based on age (younger-older adult) and APOE (E3/E3-E3/E4), only younger E3/E3 (least predicted risk) and older E3/E4 (greatest predicted risk) had associations between greater alpha power and higher PA. Among older E3/E4, greater alpha power in these regions was associated with improved memory and preserved brain structure. CONCLUSION: PA could protect against the slowing of brain activity that characterizes the AD continuum, where it is of benefit for all individuals, especially E3/E4 older adults.

Human brain and financial behavior: a neurofinance perspective

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 485-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mrinalini Srivastava ◽  
Gagan Deep Sharma ◽  
Achal Kumar Srivastava
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Human Brain ◽  
Emotional Processing ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Financial Behavior ◽  
Forest Plot ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose This study aims to review the relationship between neurological processes and financial behavior from an interdisciplinary perspective. Individual decision-making is influenced by cognitive and affective biases; hence, it becomes pertinent to understand the origin of these biases. Neurofinance is an emerging field of finance budding from neuroeconomics and explains the relationship between human brain activity and financial behavior, drawn from interdisciplinary fields, including neurology, psychology and finance. Design/methodology/approach This conceptual paper extensively reviews the extant literature and performs meta-analysis to attain its research objectives. Findings The paper highlights the use of neuroimaging techniques in mapping the brain areas to help understand the processes in the higher cognitive areas of brain. The paper raises some new questions regarding individual preferences and choices while making financial or non-financial decisions. Originality/value The special focus on dysfunctions arising in brain because of injury and their impact on decision-making is also a key point in this paper and is summarized using meta-analytic forest plot. The existing literature provides instances where emotional processing is altered by injury in brain and may lead to more advantageous decisions, especially in risky situations.

scholarly journals The Amplitude and Timing of the BOLD Signal Reflects the Relationship between Local Field Potential Power at Different Frequencies

2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 1395-1407 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Magri ◽  
U. Schridde ◽  
Y. Murayama ◽  
S. Panzeri ◽  
N. K. Logothetis
Keyword(s):  
Local Field ◽  
Local Field Potential ◽  
Field Potential ◽  
Bold Signal ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Age and APOE genotype affect the relationship between objectively measured physical activity and power in the alpha band, a marker of brain disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaisalmer de Frutos-Lucas ◽  
Pablo Cuesta ◽  
Federico Ramírez-Toraño ◽  
Alberto Nebreda ◽  
Esther Cuadrado-Soto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Apoe Genotype ◽  
Alpha Power ◽  
Alpha Band ◽  
Electrophysiological Studies ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Predicted Risk

Abstract Background Electrophysiological studies show that reductions in power within the alpha band are associated with the Alzheimer’s disease (AD) continuum. Physical activity (PA) is a protective factor that has proved to reduce AD risk and pathological brain burden. Previous research has confirmed that exercise increases power in the alpha range. However, little is known regarding whether other non-modifiable risk factors for AD, such as increased age or APOE ε4 carriage, alter the association between PA and power in the alpha band. Methods The relationship between PA and alpha band power was examined in a sample of 113 healthy adults using magnetoencephalography. Additionally, we explored whether ε4 carriage and age modulate this association. The correlations between alpha power and gray matter volumes and cognition were also investigated. Results We detected a parieto-occipital cluster in which PA positively correlated with alpha power. The association between PA and alpha power remained following stratification of the cohort by genotype. Younger and older adults were investigated separately, and only younger adults exhibited a positive relationship between PA and alpha power. Interestingly, when four groups were created based on age (younger-older adult) and APOE (E3/E3-E3/E4), only younger E3/E3 (least predicted risk) and older E3/E4 (greatest predicted risk) had associations between greater alpha power and higher PA. Among older E3/E4, greater alpha power in these regions was associated with improved memory and preserved brain structure. Conclusion PA could protect against the slowing of brain activity that characterizes the AD continuum, where it is of benefit for all individuals, especially E3/E4 older adults.

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