scholarly journals Chromosome-scale genome assembly provides insights into rye biology, evolution, and agronomic potential

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Timothy Rabanus-Wallace ◽  
Bernd Hackauf ◽  
Martin Mascher ◽  
Thomas Lux ◽  
Thomas Wicker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Fertility Control ◽  
Gene Families ◽  
Pathogen Resistance ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Temperature Tolerance ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Hybrid Breeding ◽  
Low Temperature Tolerance ◽  
Trade Offs

AbstractWe present a chromosome-scale annotated assembly of the rye (Secale cereale L. inbred line ‘Lo7’) genome, which we use to explore Triticeae genomic evolution, and rye’s superior disease and stress tolerance. The rye genome shares chromosome-level organization with other Triticeae cereals, but exhibits unique retrotransposon dynamics and structural features. Crop improvement in rye, as well as in wheat and triticale, will profit from investigations of rye gene families implicated in pathogen resistance, low temperature tolerance, and fertility control systems for hybrid breeding. We show that rye introgressions in wheat breeding panels can be characterised in high-throughput to predict the yield effects and trade-offs of rye chromatin.

scholarly journals Chromosome-scale genome assembly provides insights into rye biology, evolution and agronomic potential

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Timothy Rabanus-Wallace ◽  
Bernd Hackauf ◽  
Martin Mascher ◽  
Thomas Lux ◽  
Thomas Wicker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Introgressive Hybridization ◽  
Structural Evolution ◽  
Fertility Control ◽  
Pathogen Resistance ◽  
Temperature Tolerance ◽  
Hybrid Breeding ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Low Temperature Tolerance ◽  
Agronomic Potential

AbstractRye (Secale cereale L.) is an exceptionally climate-resilient cereal crop, used extensively to produce improved wheat varieties via introgressive hybridization and possessing the entire repertoire of genes necessary to enable hybrid breeding. Rye is allogamous and only recently domesticated, thus giving cultivated ryes access to a diverse and exploitable wild gene pool. To further enhance the agronomic potential of rye, we produced a chromosome-scale annotated assembly of the 7.9-gigabase rye genome and extensively validated its quality by using a suite of molecular genetic resources. We demonstrate applications of this resource with a broad range of investigations. We present findings on cultivated rye’s incomplete genetic isolation from wild relatives, mechanisms of genome structural evolution, pathogen resistance, low-temperature tolerance, fertility control systems for hybrid breeding and the yield benefits of rye–wheat introgressions.

Hybrid breeding in wheat: how shaping floral biology can offer new perspectives

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. 675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caterina Selva ◽  
Matteo Riboni ◽  
Ute Baumann ◽  
Tobias Würschum ◽  
Ryan Whitford ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control Systems ◽  
Floral Development ◽  
Seed Set ◽  
Fertility Control ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Floral Biology ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Hybrid Breeding ◽  
Hybrid Wheat ◽  
Male And Female

Hybrid breeding in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) has the potential to deliver major yield increases. This is a requisite to guarantee food security for increasing population demands and to counterbalance the effects of extreme environmental conditions. Successful hybrid breeding in wheat relies on forced outcrossing while preventing self-pollination. To achieve this, research has been directed towards identifying and improving fertility control systems. To maximise cross-pollination and seed set, however, fertility control systems need to be complemented by breeding phenotypically distinct male and female lines. This review summarises existing and novel male sterility systems for wheat hybridisation. We also consider the genetic resources that can be used to alter wheat’s floral development and spike morphology, with a focus on the genetic variation already available. Exploiting these resources can lead to enhanced outcrossing, a key requirement in the progress towards hybrid wheat breeding.

Bioinspired strengthening and toughening carbon nanotube@polyaniline/graphene film using electroactive biomass as glue for high rate, volumetric capacitance and low-temperature tolerance flexible supercapacitor

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Wu ◽  
Chuying Yu ◽  
Wenbin Zhong
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Graphene Film ◽  
Temperature Tolerance ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Flexible Supercapacitor ◽  
Low Temperature Tolerance ◽  
Electrical Devices ◽  
Brick And Mortar ◽  
Volumetric Capacitance

Natural nacre built up with brick-and-mortar architecture, exhibiting extraordinary strength and toughness, provides an inspiration to construct high-performance multifunctional film for flexible energy storage and portable electrical devices. In the...

scholarly journals Low temperature tolerance of human embryonic stem cells

2006 ◽  
pp. 124-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boon Chin Heng ◽  
Kumar Jayaseelan Vinoth ◽  
Hua Liu ◽  
Manoor Prakash Hande ◽  
Tong Cao
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Human Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Temperature Tolerance ◽  
Low Temperature Tolerance
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