Molecular evidence for the hybrid origin of Cryptocoryne ×purpurea Ridl. nothovar. purpurea (Araceae)

Natural hybridization has been considered a source of taxonomic complexity in Cryptocoryne. A combined study of DNA sequencing data from the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) of nuclear ribosomal DNA and the trnK-matK region of chloroplast DNA was used to identify the parents of Cryptocoryne putative hybrids from Peninsular Malaysia. Based on the intermediate morphology and sympatric distribution area, the plants were tentatively identified as the hybrid Cryptocoryne ×purpurea nothovar. purpurea. The plants were pollen sterile and had long been considered as hybrids, supposedly between two related and co-existing species, C. cordata var. cordata and C. griffithii. The status of C. ×purpurea nothovar. purpurea was independently confirmed by the presence of an additive ITS sequence pattern from these two parental species in hybrid individuals. An analysis of the chloroplast trnK-matK sequences showed that the hybridization is bidirectional with the putative hybrids sharing identical sequences from C. cordata var. cordata and C. griffithii, indicating that both putative parental species had been the maternal parent in different accessions.

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ITS sequence variation supports the hybrid origin of Malus toringoides Hughes

Canadian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1139/b07-050 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 85 (7) ◽

pp. 659-666 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Ting-Ting Feng ◽

Zhi-Qin Zhou ◽

Jian-Min Tang ◽

Ming-Hao Cheng ◽

Shi-Liang Zhou

Keyword(s):

Sequence Variation ◽

Gene Tree ◽

Natural Populations ◽

Its Sequences ◽

Nuclear Ribosomal Dna ◽

Hybrid Origin ◽

Putative Hybrid ◽

Molecular Evidence ◽

Sequence Information ◽

Aflp Data

Malus toringoides (Rehd.) Hughes was suggested to have originated from hybridization between Malus transitoria Schneid. and Malus kansuensis Rehd., followed by repeated backcrossing to one of the putative parents. In the present study, the sequence information of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) of nuclear ribosomal DNA (nrDNA) was used to re-examine the origin of this species. A total of 69 accessions from three natural populations (Maerkang, Xiaba and Kehe, Aba Autonomous Region, Sichuan, China) of M. toringoides and 10 accessions of its putative parents were analyzed. Using Malus angustifolia (Ait.) Michx., Malus ioensis (Wood) Britt. and Malus doumeri Chev. as outgroups, our phylogenetic analysis of the ITS sequences of M. toringoides and its putative parents showed that M. toringoides was not monophyletic, and two different types of ITS sequences which were obtained from each of the six accessions of M. toringoides were found to have clustered separately with those of the two putative parent species on the gene tree. A comparison of the sequence variation between M. toringoides and its putative parents revealed an additive variation pattern of ITS sequences in the putative hybrid species. These results are consistent with the previous morphological and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) data which suggested that M. toringoides was of hybrid origin. Our ITS data provide new molecular evidence for the hybrid origin hypothesis of M. toringoides and these results are of great importance for future study on hybridization, polyploid speciation and evolution of the genus Malus Miller.

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Molecular evidence for the hybrid origin of Rosa lichiangensis (Rosaceae)

Phytotaxa ◽

10.11646/phytotaxa.222.3.5 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 222 (3) ◽

pp. 221 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Zhangming Zhu ◽

Xinfen Gao

Keyword(s):

Significant Role ◽

Single Copy ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Natural Hybridization ◽

Hybrid Origin ◽

Molecular Evidence ◽

Nuclear Marker

Natural hybridization was assumed to play a significant role in the diversification of Rosa. Rosa lichiangensis was suspected to be of hybrid origin based on its intermediate morphological characters between R. soulieana and R. multiflora var. cathayensis. In this study, four chloroplast regions (ndhC-trnV, ndhF-rpl32, ndhJ-trnF, and psbJ-petA) and a single copy nuclear marker (GAPDH) were used to test the hybrid origin of R. lichiangensis. The results from molecular data supported the hybrid origin of R. lichiangensis and further identified R. soulieana as its maternal progenitor and R. multiflora var. cathayensis as the paternal progenitor.

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Evidence for continual hybridization rather than hybrid speciation betweenLigularia duciformisandL. paradoxa(Asteraceae)

PeerJ ◽

10.7717/peerj.3884 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 ◽

pp. e3884 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Rong Zhang ◽

Xun Gong ◽

Ryan Folk

Keyword(s):

Parental Species ◽

Reproductive Traits ◽

Issr Markers ◽

Natural Hybridization ◽

Hybrid Origin ◽

Phenotypic Traits ◽

Hybrid Species ◽

Network Analyses ◽

Hybrid Swarms ◽

Ssr Loci

BackgroundHybrids possess phenotypic traits that are often intermediate between their parental taxa, which commonly serves as evidence of hybridization in morphological analyses. Natural hybridization has been shown to occur frequently inLigularia(Asteraceae). In a previous study,Ligularia×maoniushanensiswas demonstrated as a natural hybrid species betweenL. duciformisandL.paradoxabased on morphological and reproductive traits.MethodsWe used three chloroplast (cpDNA) fragments (psbA-trnH,trnL-rpl32 andtrnQ-5′rps16), the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (nrITS), and co-dominant SSR and dominant ISSR markers to study natural hybridization betweenL. duciformisandL. paradoxagrowing sympatrically in two locations. Parental taxa were inferred using network analyses of cpDNA and nrITS haplotypes. Admixture among individuals was examined using the Bayesian clustering programs STRUCTURE and NewHybrids based on the SSR and ISSR data; and potential introgression in the SSR loci was assessed using the INTROGRESS package.ResultsThe putative parental species were clearly distinguished from other sympatricLigulariaspecies by nrITS data, andL.×maoniushanensisindividuals were confirmed to be the hybrid offspring ofL.duciformisandL.paradoxa. Moreover, introgression was detected among several individuals morphologically identified asL.duciformisorL. paradoxa. Analyses of the cpDNA data revealed primarily unidirectional hybridization betweenL. duciformisandL. paradoxa, withL.paradoxaas the maternal parent in Mt. Maoniu, whereas bidirectional but asymmetrical hybridization was inferred to occur in Heihai Lake. The STRUCTURE analyses based on the SSR data detected two distinct clusters among the three taxa. The NewHybrids analyses showed that individuals circumscribed asL.×maoniushanensiswere dominated by early- and later-generation and backcrossing hybrids. The NewHybrids results based on the ISSR data were congruent with SSR results. In addition, introgression was detected in some SSR loci, and heterogeneity among loci was found in terms of detected patterns of introgression.ConclusionsOur data provide strong evidence for hybridization and introgression betweenL.duciformisandL.paradoxa.Ligularia×maoniushanensiswas demonstrated to be of hybrid origin. Since no evident reproductive isolation was found between the two parental species, detected hybrids appear to be part of hybrid swarms resulting from frequent and ongoing gene flow, which might impede the formation of a new hybrid species.

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Allium dönmezii, a new species of Allium sect. Melanocrommyum (Amaryllidaceae) from Turkey: morphological and molecular evidence

Phytotaxa ◽

10.11646/phytotaxa.411.3.3 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 411 (3) ◽

pp. 194-204

Author(s):

ŞÜKRÜ KARAKUŞ ◽

BİROL MUTLU

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Molecular Marker ◽

Ribosomal Dna ◽

Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽

Nuclear Ribosomal Dna ◽

Molecular Evidence ◽

Its Regions ◽

First Time ◽

East Anatolia ◽

A New Species

Allium dönmezii is described as a new species from east Anatolia, Turkey. The molecular marker ITS (Internal Transcribed Spacer of nuclear ribosomal DNA) confirms that the new species belongs to A. sect. Melanocrommyum. The diagnostic characters of the new species are morphologically compared with the related A. woronowii, A. serpentinicum, and A. moderense, as well as with A. rothii and A. chrysantherum. In addition, the ITS regions of A. purpureoviride and A. chrysantherum were sequenced and uploaded on GenBank for the first time.

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Natural hybridization between two butterfly bushes in Tibet: dominance of F1 hybrids promotes strong reproductive isolation

10.21203/rs.3.rs-42245/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Rongli Liao ◽

Weibang Sun ◽

Yongpeng Ma

Keyword(s):

Reproductive Isolation ◽

Parental Species ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Natural Hybridization ◽

Hybrid Origin ◽

F1 Hybrids ◽

Evolutionary Significance ◽

Sympatric Populations ◽

Hybrid Species ◽

Intergenic Spacers

Abstract Background: F1 hybrids acting as a bridgehead for producing later generation hybrids can have evolutionary significance through strengthening reproductive isolation or facilitating gene flow between parental species, depending on whether backcrossing can occur. It had been suggested that the Tibetan plant Buddleja wardii was a hybrid species between B. alternifolia and B. crispa based on their sympatric distributions and the morphological characters in last century. Till now however, we still have limited evidence to prove key issues to B. wardii, like if it is of hybrid origin indeed and whether it is currently a true hybrid species already.Results: In the present study, two sympatric populations of these three taxa were examined and compared using four nuclear genes and three chloroplast intergenic spacers, as well as with 10 morphological characters. Our results suggest that at both sites B. × wardii was likely to be a hybrids between B. alternifolia and B. crispa, and moreover, most of the hybrids present were confirmed to be F1s. This was further supported by morphology as no transgressive characters were detected. B. crispa was found to be the maternal parent in one population (BH), while in the second population (TJ), it was difficult to distinguish the hybridization direction due to shared haplotypes of cpDNA between B. alternifolia and B. crispa. Conclusions: These results provide evidence that the natural hybrids between B. alternifolia and B. crispa mainly comprise F1 hybrids, which have subsequently been given the name B. wardii. The F1 hybrids have also contributed to strong reproductive isolation between parental species.

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Rhodiola integrifolia: hybrid origin and Asian relatives

Botany ◽

10.1139/b2012-078 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 90 (11) ◽

pp. 1186-1190 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Ursula Hermsmeier ◽

Jocelyn Grann ◽

Andreas Plescher

Keyword(s):

Glutamine Synthetase ◽

Ribosomal Dna ◽

Chromosome Numbers ◽

Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽

Rhodiola Rosea ◽

Nuclear Ribosomal Dna ◽

Hybrid Origin ◽

Internal Transcribed Spacer Regions ◽

The Relationship ◽

Rhodiola Integrifolia

We investigated the relationship among North American Rhodiola integrifolia Raf., Rhodiola rosea L., and Rhodiola rhodantha (A. Gray) H. Jacobsen by sequencing a fragment of the nuclear-encoded chloroplast-expressed glutamine synthetase (ncpGS) gene from these three species and from selected Asian representatives of the genus. We found that R. integrifolia is a hybrid descendant of R. rosea and R. rhodantha lineages. We also found that the ncpGS gene and the internal transcribed spacer regions of the nuclear ribosomal DNA of Asian Rhodiola algida Fisch. & Mey. are very similar to those of R. rhodantha. In accordance with known chromosome numbers and species morphology, we therefore propose to move R. algida into the subgenus Clementsia of the genus Rhodiola, which so far contains only two species, R. rhodantha and Asian Rhodiola semenovii (Regel & Herder) Boriss.

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Natural Hybridization between Two Butterfly Bushes in Tibet: Dominance of F1 Hybrids Promotes Strong Reproductive Isolation

10.21203/rs.3.rs-42245/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Rongli Liao ◽

Weibang Sun ◽

Yongpeng Ma

Keyword(s):

Reproductive Isolation ◽

Parental Species ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Natural Hybridization ◽

Hybrid Origin ◽

F1 Hybrids ◽

Evolutionary Significance ◽

Sympatric Populations ◽

Hybrid Species ◽

Intergenic Spacers

Abstract Background: F1 hybrids acting as a bridgehead for producing later generation hybrids can have evolutionary significance through strengthening reproductive isolation or facilitating gene flow between parental species, depending on whether backcrossing can occur. It had been suggested that the Tibetan plant Buddleja wardii was a hybrid species between B. alternifolia and B. crispa based on their sympatric distributions and the morphological characters in last century. Till now however, we still have limited evidence to prove key issues to B. wardii, like if it is of hybrid origin indeed and whether it is currently a true hybrid species already.Results: In the present study, two sympatric populations of these three taxa were examined and compared using four nuclear genes and three chloroplast intergenic spacers, as well as with 10 morphological characters. Our results suggest that at both sites B. × wardii was likely to be a hybrids between B. alternifolia and B. crispa, and moreover, most of the hybrids present were confirmed to be F1s. This was further supported by morphology as no transgressive characters were detected. B. crispa was found to be the maternal parent in one population (BH), while in the second population (TJ), it was difficult to distinguish the hybridization direction due to shared haplotypes of cpDNA between B. alternifolia and B. crispa. Conclusions: These results provide evidence that the natural hybrids between B. alternifolia and B. crispa mainly comprise F1 hybrids, which have subsequently been given the name B. wardii. The F1 hybrids have also contributed to strong reproductive isolation between parental species.

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Molecular phylogenetic analyses of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences of nuclear ribosomal DNA indicate monophyly of the genus Phytolacca L. (Phytolaccaceae)

Bangladesh Journal of Plant Taxonomy ◽

10.3329/bjpt.v22i1.23859 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

M. Ajmal Ali ◽

Joongku Lee ◽

Soo-Yong Kim ◽

Sang-Hong Park ◽

Fahad M.A. Al-Hemaid

Keyword(s):

Ribosomal Dna ◽

Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

Its Sequences ◽

Nuclear Ribosomal Dna ◽

Phylogenetic Study ◽

Molecular Evidence ◽

The Family ◽

Molecular Phylogenetic ◽

Plant Taxon

Relationships within the family Phytolaccaceae sensu lato were examined based on internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences of nuclear ribosomal DNA (nrDNA). The study revealed Phytolacca L. as taxonomically the most difficult genus in the family with completely unknown phylogeny. Molecular evidence was used from nrDNA ITS sequences of about 90% of the species for maximum parsimony analyses, and the molecular phylogenetic analyses defined a monophyletic Phytolacca. This first molecular phylogenetic study of Phytolacca concludes that the relationships among the species within the genus do not show harmony with the generic classification based on morphology. These results set the stage for a more detailed phylogenetic analysis of Phytolacca.Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 22(1): 18, 2015 (June)

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Hybridization experiments indicate incomplete reproductive isolating mechanism between Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica

Parasitology ◽

10.1017/s0031182011000965 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 138 (10) ◽

pp. 1278-1284 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

T. ITAGAKI ◽

M. ICHINOMIYA ◽

K. FUKUDA ◽

S. FUSYUKU ◽

C. CARMONA

Keyword(s):

Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽

Fasciola Hepatica ◽

Fasciola Gigantica ◽

Nuclear Ribosomal Dna ◽

Molecular Evidence ◽

Phenotypic Characteristics ◽

Its1 Region ◽

Mode Of Reproduction ◽

Isolating Mechanisms ◽

Isolating Mechanism

SUMMARYExperiments on hybridization between Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica were carried out to clarify whether a reproductive isolating mechanism appears between the two Fasciola species. Molecular evidence for hybridization was based on the DNA sequence of the internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) region in nuclear ribosomal DNA, which differs between the species. The results suggested that there were not pre-mating but post-mating isolating mechanisms between the two species. However, viable adults of the hybrids F1 and F2 were produced from both parental F. hepatica and F. gigantica. The hybrids inherited phenotypic characteristics such as ratio of body length and width and infectivity to rats from parental Fasciola hepatica and F. gigantica. These findings suggest that reproductive isolation is incomplete between Fasciola hepatica and F. gigantica. Adults of the hybrids F1 and F2 were completely different in mode of reproduction from aspermic Fasciola forms that occur in Asia and seem to be offspring originated from hybridization between F. hepatica and F. gigantica and to reproduce parthenogenetically.

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