Binaural Signal Integration Improves Vertical Sound Source Localization
AbstractEarly studies have shown that the localization of a sound source in the vertical plane can be accomplished with only a single ear and thus assumed to be based on monaural spectral cues. Such cues consists of notches and peaks in the perceived spectrum which vary systematically with the elevation of sound sources. This poses several problems to the auditory system like extracting relevant and direction-dependent cues among others. Interestingly, at the stage of elevation estimate binaural information from both ears is already available and it seems reasonable of the auditory system to take advantage of this information. Especially, since such a binaural integration can improve the localization performance dramatically as we demonstrate with a computational model of binaural signal integration for sound source localization in the vertical plane. In line with previous findings of vertical localization, modeling results show that the auditory system can perform monaural as well as binaural sound source localization given a single, learned map of binaural signals. Binaural localization is by far more accurate than monaural localization, however, when prior information about the perceived sound is integrated localization performance is restored. Thus, we propose that elevation estimation of sound sources is facilitated by an early binaural signal integration and can incorporate sound type specific prior information for higher accuracy.