scholarly journals Arresting Vertical Transmission of Hepatitis B Virus (AVERT-HBV) in the Democratic Republic of the Congo

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peyton Thompson ◽  
Camille E. Morgan ◽  
Patrick Ngimbi ◽  
Kashamuka Mwandagalirwa ◽  
Noro Ravelomanana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Democratic Republic ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Pmtct Program ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Birth Dose ◽  
Republic Of The Congo ◽  
Dose Vaccine

Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) remains endemic throughout sub-Saharan Africa despite the widespread availability of effective vaccines. We evaluated the feasibility of adding HBV testing and treatment of pregnant women and birth-dose vaccination of HBV-exposed infants to the HIV prevention of MTCT (PMTCT) program infrastructure in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), where HBV treatment and birth-dose vaccination programs are not established. Methods: As part of the HIV PMTCT program at two maternity centers in Kinshasa, DRC, pregnant women were screened for HBV at routine prenatal care registration. Pregnant women with high viral load and/or HBeAg positivity were offered tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF). HBV-exposed infants received a birth-dose of HBV vaccine within 24 hours of life. The primary endpoint was the feasibility and acceptability of the study. Results: Of 4,016 women screened, 109 (2.7%) were HBsAg-positive. Ten of 91 (11.1%) women evaluated had high-risk disease. Of 88 infants, 60 (68.2%) received a birth-dose vaccine; of these, 46 (76.7%) received a timely birth-dose. No cases of HBV MTCT were observed in our cohort. There were no serious adverse events associated with TDF nor with birth-dose vaccine. The study procedures were highly acceptable (>80%) among mothers. Conclusions: Adding HBV screening and treatment of pregnant women and infant birth-dose vaccination to existing HIV PMTCT platforms is feasible in countries like the DRC. Birth-dose vaccination against HBV integrated within the current Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI) and HIV PMTCT program could accelerate progress toward HBV elimination in Africa.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Hepatitis B Virus Infection among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Clinics in Vientiane, Laos, 2008–2014

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Choisy ◽  
Sengdeuane Keomalaphet ◽  
Kinnaly Xaydalasouk ◽  
Fabrice Quet ◽  
Vatthanaphone Latthaphasavang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Democratic Republic ◽  
Perinatal Transmission ◽  
Hbv Vaccine ◽  
Annual Prevalence ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Birth Dose ◽  
Mother To Child

The Lao People’s Democratic Republic (PDR) is still considered a highly endemic country for hepatitis B, mainly due to perinatal transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV), despite efforts made since 2004 for universal immunization of newborns. The prevalence of HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) carriage in pregnant women is a relevant marker for the risk of mother-to-child HBV transmission. This study aimed to assess the changes in prevalence of HBV infection among pregnant women attending the Mahosot Prenatal Clinic (Vientiane Capital). Methods. A retrospective study was performed in the Mahosot Hospital Laboratory to collect and analyze all the results of HBsAg testing in pregnant women from 2008 to 2014. Results. Of a total of 13,238 tested women of mean age of 26 years, 720 women (5,44% [95 CI: 5.1–5.8%]) were found HBsAg positive, the annual prevalence ranging from 4.6% to 6.2%. A slight but steady and significant decrease in prevalence over the 7 years of the study could be documented. Conclusion. Although below the 8% hyperendemic threshold, the HBsAg prevalence observed in pregnant women in Vientiane reflects a high risk of HBV perinatal transmission and call for a widespread infant immunization with an HBV vaccine birth dose.

Untreated highly viraemic pregnant women from Asia or sub-Saharan Africa often transmit hepatitis B virus despite serovaccination to newborns

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 409-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Sellier ◽  
Sarah Maylin ◽  
Rishma Amarsy ◽  
Marie-Christine Mazeron ◽  
Lucile Larrouy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Sub Saharan

scholarly journals Cost-effectiveness of the controlled temperature chain for the hepatitis B virus birth dose vaccine in various global settings: a modelling study

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. e659-e667 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nick Scott ◽  
Anna Palmer ◽  
Christopher Morgan ◽  
Olufunmilayo Lesi ◽  
C Wendy Spearman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Birth Dose ◽  
Dose Vaccine ◽  
Modelling Study

scholarly journals Modelling hepatitis B virus infection and impact of timely birth dose vaccine: A comparison of two simulation models

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. e0237525
Author(s):  
Margaret J. de Villiers ◽  
Ivane Gamkrelidze ◽  
Timothy B. Hallett ◽  
Shevanthi Nayagam ◽  
Homie Razavi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus Infection ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Birth Dose ◽  
Dose Vaccine

scholarly journals Lymphocyte Transformation of Hepatitis B Virus Infected Pregnant Women, Attending Specialist Hospital Sokoto

2020 ◽  
pp. 97-107
Author(s):  
C. O. Onwuliri ◽  
C. C. Onyenekwe ◽  
M. H. Yeldu ◽  
A. A. Panti ◽  
A. B. Shuaibu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Concanavalin A ◽  
Lymphocyte Transformation ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
B Virus

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a major public health problem in sub-Saharan Africa with high morbidity and mortality. Vertical transmission is a significant contributor of new cases. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of HBV infection, to assess the immune competence of Hepatitis B (HB) viral infected pregnant women using lymphocyte transformation. It was a cross sectional comparative observational study. Simple random sampling technique was applied. One hundred HB infected pregnant women and one hundred controls were recruited. Data were analysed using SPSS (version 23) software. A P-value ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The results recorded showed a prevalence of 6.6%. The percentage lymphocyte transformation was significantly lower (p < 0.05) for HBV infected subjects compared with control. The rate of lymphocyte transformation with Phytohaemagglutinin was significantly lower (p < 0.05) when compared with Concanavalin A. Conclusively HB infection affects the adaptive immune response. Pregnant women should be screened for Hepatitis B surface Antigen (HBsAg) during routine Antenatal clinic and Concanavalin A based drugs should be recommended for HB infected pregnant women.

The influence of hepatitis B virus infection in pregnant women

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Lina Kang ◽  
Yaya Pian ◽  
Zhenxiang Gao ◽  
Jihong Hu ◽  
Jingjing Nie
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus Infection ◽  
B Virus
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