scholarly journals Subthalamic nucleus stabilizes movements by reducing neural spike variability in monkey basal ganglia: chemogenetic study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taku Hasegawa ◽  
Satomi Chiken ◽  
Kenta Kobayashi ◽  
Atsushi Nambu
Keyword(s):  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Subthalamic Nucleus ◽  
Macaca Fuscata ◽  
Movement Time ◽  
Neural Mechanism ◽  
Spike Trains ◽  
Voluntary Movements ◽  
Abnormal Movements ◽  
Neural Spike ◽  
Internal Pallidum

AbstractsThe subthalamic nucleus (STN) projects to the external pallidum (GPe) and internal pallidum (GPi), the relay and output nuclei of the basal ganglia (BG), respectively, and plays an indispensable role in controlling voluntary movements. To elucidate the neural mechanism by which the STN controls GPe/GPi activity and movements, we utilized a chemogenetic method to reversibly suppress the motor subregion of the STN in three macaque monkeys (Macaca fuscata, both sexes) engaged in reaching tasks. Systemic administration of chemogenetic ligands prolonged movement time and increased spike train variability in the GPe/GPi, but only slightly affected firing rate modulations. Across-trial analyses revealed that the irregular discharge activity in the GPe/GPi coincided with prolonged movement time. STN suppression also induced excessive abnormal movements in the contralateral forelimbs, which was preceded by STN and GPe/GPi phasic activity changes. Our results suggest that the STN stabilizes spike trains in the BG and achieves stable movements.

scholarly journals Hemiballismus, Hyperphagia, and Behavioral Changes following Subthalamic Infarct

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoud Etemadifar ◽  
Seyed-Hossein Abtahi ◽  
Seyed-Mojtaba Abtahi ◽  
Motahreh Mirdamadi ◽  
Sepideh Sajjadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Subthalamic Nucleus ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Behavioral Changes ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Abnormal Movements ◽  
Infarct Area

The function of subthalamic nucleus (STN) which is a part of the basal ganglia system is not clear, but it is hypothesized that this component might be involved in action selection. Unilateral damage to STN, which can commonly occur due to the small vessel stroke mainly, causes hemiballismus and sometimes hemichorea-hemiballismus. This paper deals with a 60-year-old patient with sudden onset of abnormal movements in his right limbs. He had increased appetite and hyperphagia and also developed mood and behavioral changes (aggressiveness, irritability, anxiety, and sometimes obscene speech). The magnetic resonance imaging revealed infarct area in left subthalamus. In our case, hemiballismus is caused by infarction in left subthalamic area. Occurrence of irritability, anxiety, and some behavioral changes such as aggressiveness and obscene speech can be explained by impairment of STN role in nonmotor behavior and cognitive function as a result of infarct.

Correlation between neural spike trains increases with firing rate

Nature ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 448 (7155) ◽  
pp. 802-806 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaime de la Rocha ◽  
Brent Doiron ◽  
Eric Shea-Brown ◽  
Krešimir Josić ◽  
Alex Reyes
Keyword(s):  
Firing Rate ◽  
Spike Trains ◽  
Neural Spike ◽  
Neural Spike Trains

Basal ganglia and gait control: apomorphine administration and internal pallidum stimulation in Parkinson's disease

1999 ◽  
Vol 126 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Grasso ◽  
A. Peppe ◽  
F. Stratta ◽  
D. Angelini ◽  
M. Zago ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Gait Control ◽  
Internal Pallidum

scholarly journals The Neuroid revisited: A heuristic approach to model neural spike trains

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 331-343
Author(s):  
Erick Javier Argüello Prada ◽  
Ignacio Antonio Buscema Arteaga ◽  
Antonio José D’Alessandro Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Spike Trains ◽  
Heuristic Approach ◽  
Neural Spike ◽  
Neural Spike Trains

Neuronal Activity of the Human Subthalamic Nucleus in the Parkinsonian and Nonparkinsonian State

2008 ◽  
Vol 100 (5) ◽  
pp. 2515-2524 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Steigerwald ◽  
M. Pötter ◽  
J. Herzog ◽  
M. Pinsker ◽  
F. Kopper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Essential Tremor ◽  
Subthalamic Nucleus ◽  
Neuronal Activity ◽  
Single Units ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Spectral Peaks ◽  
Time Changes

We recorded resting-state neuronal activity from the human subthalamic nucleus (STN) during functional stereotactic surgeries. By inserting up to five parallel microelectrodes for single- or multiunit recordings and applying statistical spike-sorting methods, we were able to isolate a total of 351 single units in 65 patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and 33 single units in 9 patients suffering from essential tremor (ET). Among these were 93 pairs of simultaneously recorded neurons in PD and 17 in ET, which were detected either by the same ( n = 30) or neighboring microelectrodes ( n = 80). Essential tremor is a movement disorder without any known basal ganglia pathology and with normal dopaminergic brain function. By comparing the neuronal activity of the STN in patients suffering from PD and ET we intended to characterize, for the first time, changes of basal ganglia activity in the human disease state that had previously been described in animal models of Parkinson's disease. We found a significant increase in the mean firing rate of STN neurons in PD and a relatively larger fraction of neurons exhibiting burstlike activity compared with ET. The overall proportion of neurons exhibiting intrinsic oscillations or interneuronal synchronization as defined by significant spectral peaks in the auto- or cross-correlations functions did not differ between PD and ET when considering the entire frequency range of 1–100 Hz. The distribution of significant oscillations across the theta (1–8 Hz), alpha (8–12 Hz), beta (12–35 Hz), and gamma band (>35 Hz), however, was uneven in ET and PD, as indicated by a trend in Fisher's exact test ( P = 0.05). Oscillations and pairwise synchronizations within the 12- to 35-Hz band were a unique feature of PD. Our results confirm the predictions of the rate model of Parkinson's disease. In addition, they emphasize abnormalities in the patterning and dynamics of neuronal discharges in the parkinsonian STN, which support current concepts of abnormal motor loop oscillations in Parkinson's disease.

scholarly journals A selective projection from the subthalamic nucleus to parvalbumin-expressing interneurons of the striatum

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishnakanth Kondabolu ◽  
Natalie M. Doig ◽  
Olaoluwa Ayeko ◽  
Bakhtawer Khan ◽  
Alexandra Torres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Subthalamic Nucleus ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Projection Neurons ◽  
Striatal Neurons ◽  
Primary Input ◽  
Cholinergic Interneurons ◽  
Axonal Connections ◽  
Excitatory Responses

AbstractThe striatum and subthalamic nucleus (STN) are considered to be the primary input nuclei of the basal ganglia. Projection neurons of both striatum and STN can extensively interact with other basal ganglia nuclei, and there is growing anatomical evidence of direct axonal connections from the STN to striatum. There remains, however, a pressing need to elucidate the organization and impact of these subthalamostriatal projections in the context of the diverse cell types constituting the striatum. To address this, we carried out monosynaptic retrograde tracing from genetically-defined populations of dorsal striatal neurons in adult male and female mice, quantifying the connectivity from STN neurons to spiny projection neurons, GABAergic interneurons, and cholinergic interneurons. In parallel, we used a combination of ex vivo electrophysiology and optogenetics to characterize the responses of a complementary range of dorsal striatal neuron types to activation of STN axons. Our tracing studies showed that the connectivity from STN neurons to striatal parvalbumin-expressing interneurons is significantly higher (~ four-to eight-fold) than that from STN to any of the four other striatal cell types examined. In agreement, our recording experiments showed that parvalbumin-expressing interneurons, but not the other cell types tested, commonly exhibited robust monosynaptic excitatory responses to subthalamostriatal inputs. Taken together, our data collectively demonstrate that the subthalamostriatal projection is highly selective for target cell type. We conclude that glutamatergic STN neurons are positioned to directly and powerfully influence striatal activity dynamics by virtue of their enriched innervation of GABAergic parvalbumin-expressing interneurons.

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