scholarly journals Optimizing parameters for using the parallel auditory brainstem response (pABR) to quickly estimate hearing thresholds

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa J Polonenko ◽  
Ross K Maddox
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Response ◽  
Presentation Rate ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Single Frequency ◽  
Time Saving ◽  
Recording Time ◽  
Hearing Thresholds ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Brainstem Response

Timely assessments are critical to providing early intervention and better hearing and spoken language outcomes for children with hearing loss. To facilitate faster diagnostic hearing assessments in infants, we developed the parallel auditory brainstem response (pABR), which presents randomly timed trains of tone pips at five frequencies to each ear simultaneously. We have shown that the pABR yields high-quality waveforms that are similar to the standard, single-frequency serial ABR but in a fraction of the recording time. While well-documented for standard ABRs, it is yet unknown how presentation rate and level interact to affect responses collected in parallel to random tone pip stimuli. Therefore, in this study we determined the optimal range of parameters for the pABR by recording responses across a range of six presentation rates, each at a low and high stimulus level. We show that a wide range of rates yields robust responses in under 15 minutes, but 40 Hz is the optimal singular presentation rate. Extending the analysis window to include later components of the response offers further time-saving advantages for the temporally broader responses to low frequency tone pips. Perceptual thresholds that subtly change across rate allow for a testing paradigm that easily transitions between rates, which may be useful for quickly estimating thresholds for different configurations of hearing loss. These optimized parameters facilitate expediency and effectiveness of the pABR to estimate hearing thresholds in a clinical setting.

scholarly journals Comparison of auditory brainstem response and auditory steady state response audiometry by evaluating the hearing thresholds obtained in children with different severity of hearing loss

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Azeem Aslam ◽  
Adeela Javed ◽  
Abdul Moiz
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Response ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Steady State Response ◽  
State Response ◽  
Hearing Thresholds ◽  
Auditory Steady State Response ◽  
Brainstem Response ◽  
The Mean

Objectives: To compare the hearing thresholds obtained with auditory brainstem response (ABR) and auditory steady state response (ASSR) audiometry in children with hearing loss. Methods: Hearing thresholds were obtained by ABR and ASSR in children who presented with suspicion of deafness at Ear, nose & throat department of Al-Nafees Medical College Hospital Islamabad, between January to August 2018. The mean hearing thresholds obtained by two tests were compared within each category of severity of deafness. Time taken by both tests was also compared. Results: A total of 57 patients (114 ears) were included in the study. Among them 27 (47.4%) were male and 30 (52.6%) were female. The mean age of patients at presentation was 42 months (±30.9) with age range from one to 12 years. Mean hearing thresholds obtained by click ABR, chirp ABR, ASSR (1, 2, 4 kHz) & ASSR (0.5, 1, 2, 4 kHz) was 56.25 (±27.61), 58.88 (±27.44), 58.03 (±21.26) & 56.35 (±22.86) respectively. Mean thresholds were comparable between click ABR & ASSR (1, 2, 4 kHz) and between chirp ABR & ASSR (0.5, 1, 2, 4 kHz) in all degrees of hearing loss categories except in those patients with normal hearing thresholds. The mean time taken by clicks ABR, chirp ABR and ASSR were four minutes seven seconds, three minutes 15 seconds and 16 minutes and 7 seconds respectively. Conclusions: Hearing thresholds obtained by ABR and ASSR are comparable in all categories of severity of hearing loss. The time taken by ABR is less as compared to ASSR. How to cite this:Aslam MA, Javed A, Moiz A. Comparison of auditory brainstem response and auditory steady state response audiometry by evaluating the hearing thresholds obtained in children with different severity of hearing loss. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(2):---------.   doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.2.688 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

scholarly journals The Parallel Auditory Brainstem Response

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 233121651987139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa J. Polonenko ◽  
Ross K. Maddox
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Brainstem Response ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Test Duration ◽  
Recording Time ◽  
Low Frequencies ◽  
Periodic Sequences ◽  
Hearing Thresholds ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Brainstem Response ◽  
Indispensable Tool

The frequency-specific tone-evoked auditory brainstem response (ABR) is an indispensable tool in both the audiology clinic and research laboratory. Most frequently, the toneburst ABR is used to estimate hearing thresholds in infants, toddlers, and other patients for whom behavioral testing is not feasible. Therefore, results of the ABR exam form the basis for decisions regarding interventions and hearing habilitation with implications extending far into the child’s future. Currently, responses are elicited by periodic sequences of toneburst stimuli presented serially to one ear at a time, which take a long time to measure multiple frequencies and intensities, and provide incomplete information if the infant wakes up early. Here, we describe a new method, the parallel ABR (pABR), which uses randomly timed toneburst stimuli to simultaneously acquire ABR waveforms to five frequencies in both ears. Here, we describe the pABR and quantify its effectiveness in addressing the greatest drawback of current methods: test duration. We show that in adults with normal hearing the pABR yields high-quality waveforms over a range of intensities, with similar morphology to the standard ABR in a fraction of the recording time. Furthermore, longer latencies and smaller amplitudes for low frequencies at a high intensity evoked by the pABR versus serial ABR suggest that responses may have better place specificity due to the masking provided by the other simultaneous toneburst sequences. Thus, the pABR has substantial potential for facilitating faster accumulation of more diagnostic information that is important for timely identification and treatment of hearing loss.

scholarly journals The parallel auditory brainstem response

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa J Polonenko ◽  
Ross K Maddox
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Brainstem Response ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Test Duration ◽  
Recording Time ◽  
Low Frequencies ◽  
Periodic Sequences ◽  
Hearing Thresholds ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Brainstem Response ◽  
Indispensable Tool

ABSTRACTThe frequency-specific tone-evoked auditory brainstem response (ABR) is an indispensable tool in both the audiology clinic and research laboratory. Most frequently the toneburst ABR is used to estimate hearing thresholds in infants, toddlers and other patients for whom behavioral testing is not feasible. Therefore, results of the ABR exam form the basis for decisions regarding interventions and hearing habilitation with implications extending far into the child’s future. Currently, responses are elicited by periodic sequences of toneburst stimuli presented serially to one ear at a time, which take a long time to measure multiple frequencies and intensities, and provide incomplete information if the infant wakes up early. Here we describe a new method, the parallel ABR (pABR), which uses randomly timed toneburst stimuli to simultaneously acquire ABR waveforms to 5 frequencies in both ears. Here we describe the pABR and quantify its effectiveness in addressing the greatest drawback of current methods: test duration. We show that in adults with normal hearing the pABR yields high-quality waveforms over a range of intensities, with similar morphology to the standard ABR in a fraction of the recording time. Furthermore, longer latencies and smaller amplitudes for low frequencies at a high intensity evoked by the pABR versus serial ABR suggest that responses may have better place specificity due to the masking provided by the other simultaneous toneburst sequences. Thus, the pABR has substantial potential for facilitating faster accumulation of more diagnostic information that is important for timely identification and treatment of hearing loss.

scholarly journals Prevention of acquired sensorineural hearing loss in mice by in vivo Htra2 gene editing

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xi Gu ◽  
Daqi Wang ◽  
Zhijiao Xu ◽  
Jinghan Wang ◽  
Luo Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Hair Cell ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Response ◽  
Gene Editing ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing ◽  
Brainstem Response

Abstract Background Aging, noise, infection, and ototoxic drugs are the major causes of human acquired sensorineural hearing loss, but treatment options are limited. CRISPR/Cas9 technology has tremendous potential to become a new therapeutic modality for acquired non-inherited sensorineural hearing loss. Here, we develop CRISPR/Cas9 strategies to prevent aminoglycoside-induced deafness, a common type of acquired non-inherited sensorineural hearing loss, via disrupting the Htra2 gene in the inner ear which is involved in apoptosis but has not been investigated in cochlear hair cell protection. Results The results indicate that adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated delivery of CRISPR/SpCas9 system ameliorates neomycin-induced apoptosis, promotes hair cell survival, and significantly improves hearing function in neomycin-treated mice. The protective effect of the AAV–CRISPR/Cas9 system in vivo is sustained up to 8 weeks after neomycin exposure. For more efficient delivery of the whole CRISPR/Cas9 system, we also explore the AAV–CRISPR/SaCas9 system to prevent neomycin-induced deafness. The in vivo editing efficiency of the SaCas9 system is 1.73% on average. We observed significant improvement in auditory brainstem response thresholds in the injected ears compared with the non-injected ears. At 4 weeks after neomycin exposure, the protective effect of the AAV–CRISPR/SaCas9 system is still obvious, with the improvement in auditory brainstem response threshold up to 50 dB at 8 kHz. Conclusions These findings demonstrate the safe and effective prevention of aminoglycoside-induced deafness via Htra2 gene editing and support further development of the CRISPR/Cas9 technology in the treatment of non-inherited hearing loss as well as other non-inherited diseases.

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