scholarly journals Systematic phenotyping and characterization of the 3xTg-AD mouse model of Alzheimer's Disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominic I Javonillo ◽  
Kristine M. Tran ◽  
Jimmy Phan ◽  
Edna Hingco ◽  
Enikö A. Kramár ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Long Term Potentiation ◽  
Plaque Burden ◽  
Complex Disorders ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Ad Mouse Model

Animal models of disease are valuable resources for investigating pathogenic mechanisms and potential therapeutic interventions. However, for complex disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), the generation and availability of innumerous distinct animal models present unique challenges to AD researchers and hinder the success of useful therapies. Here, we conducted an in-depth analysis of the 3xTg-AD mouse model of AD across its lifespan to better inform the field of the various pathologies that appear at specific ages, and comment on drift that has occurred in the development of pathology in this line since its development 20 years ago. This modern characterization of the 3xTg-AD model includes an assessment of impairments in behavior, cognition, and long-term potentiation followed by quantification of amyloid beta (Aβ) plaque burden and neurofibrillary tau tangles, biochemical levels of Aβ, and tau protein, and neuropathological markers such as gliosis and accumulation of dystrophic neurites. We also present a novel comparison of the 3xTg-AD model with the 5xFAD model using the same deep-phenotyping characterization pipeline. The results from these analyses are freely available via the AD Knowledge Portal (https://admodelexplorer.synapse.org). Our work demonstrates the utility of a characterization pipeline that generates robust and standardized information relevant to investigating and comparing disease etiologies of current and future models of AD.

scholarly journals Neurovascular coupling preserved in a chronic mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease: Methodology is critical

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul S Sharp ◽  
Kam Ameen-Ali ◽  
Luke Boorman ◽  
Sam Harris ◽  
Stephen Wharton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Neurovascular Coupling ◽  
Hemodynamic Responses ◽  
Experimental Procedure ◽  
Model Of Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Disease Condition ◽  
Ad Mouse Model

AbstractNeurovascular coupling is the process by which neural activity causes localised changes in cerebral blood flow. Impaired neurovascular coupling has been suggested as an early pathogenic factor in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and if so, could serve as an early biomarker of cerebral pathology. We have established an anaesthetic regime in which evoked hemodynamic responses are comparable to those in awake mice. This protocol was adapted to allow repeated measurements of neurovascular function over three months in the hAPP-J20 mouse model of AD (J20-AD) and wild-type (WT) controls. Animals were 9-12 months old at the start of the experiment, which is when deficits due to the disease condition would be expected. Mice were chronically prepared with a cranial window through which optical imaging spectroscopy (OIS) was used to generate functional maps of the cerebral blood volume and saturation changes evoked by whisker stimulation and vascular reactivity challenges. Unexpectedly, the hemodynamic responses were largely preserved in the J20-AD group. This result failed to confirm previous investigations using the J20-AD model. However, a final acute electrophysiology and OIS experiment was performed to measure both neural and hemodynamic responses concurrently. In this experiment, previously reported deficits in neurovascular coupling in the J20-AD model were observed. This suggests that J20-AD mice may be more susceptible to the physiologically stressing conditions of an acute experimental procedure compared to WT animals. These results therefore highlight the importance of experimental procedure when determining the characteristics of animal models of human disease.Significance StatementUsing a chronic anaesthetised preparation, we measured hemodynamic responses evoked by sensory stimulation and respiratory gases in the J20-AD mouse model of Alzheimer’s Disease over a period of 3 months. We showed that neurovascular responses were preserved compared to age matched wildtype controls. These results failed to confirm previous investigations reporting a marked reduction of neurovascular coupling in the J20-AD mouse model. However, when our procedure involved acute surgical procedures, previously reported neurovascular deficits were observed. The effects of acute electrode implantation were caused by disturbances to baseline physiology rather than a consequence of the disease condition. These results highlight the importance of experimental procedure when determining the characteristics of animal models of human disease.

scholarly journals A Review of the Current Mammalian Models of Alzheimer’s Disease and Challenges That Need to Be Overcome

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (23) ◽  
pp. 13168
Author(s):  
Natasha Elizabeth Mckean ◽  
Renee Robyn Handley ◽  
Russell Grant Snell
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Mouse Models ◽  
Small Animal ◽  
Large Animal ◽  
Complex Disorders ◽  
Large Animal Models ◽  
The Impact

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is one of the looming health crises of the near future. Increasing lifespans and better medical treatment for other conditions mean that the prevalence of this disease is expected to triple by 2050. The impact of AD includes both the large toll on individuals and their families as well as a large financial cost to society. So far, we have no way to prevent, slow, or cure the disease. Current medications can only alleviate some of the symptoms temporarily. Many animal models of AD have been created, with the first transgenic mouse model in 1995. Mouse models have been beset by challenges, and no mouse model fully captures the symptomatology of AD without multiple genetic mutations and/or transgenes, some of which have never been implicated in human AD. Over 25 years later, many mouse models have been given an AD-like disease and then ‘cured’ in the lab, only for the treatments to fail in clinical trials. This review argues that small animal models are insufficient for modelling complex disorders such as AD. In order to find effective treatments for AD, we need to create large animal models with brains and lifespan that are closer to humans, and underlying genetics that already predispose them to AD-like phenotypes.

scholarly journals Characterization of the chromatin accessibility in an Alzheimer’s disease (AD) mouse model

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaqi Wang ◽  
Xiaomin Zhang ◽  
Qiao Song ◽  
Yuli Hou ◽  
Jing Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Chromatin Accessibility ◽  
Ad Mouse Model

Characterization of the 3xTg-AD mouse model of Alzheimer's disease: Part 2. Behavioral and cognitive changes

2010 ◽  
Vol 1348 ◽  
pp. 149-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roxanne Sterniczuk ◽  
Michael C. Antle ◽  
Frank M. LaFerla ◽  
Richard H. Dyck
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Cognitive Changes ◽  
Model Of Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Ad Mouse Model

scholarly journals Comprehensive Evaluation of the 5XFAD Mouse Model for Preclinical Testing Applications: A MODEL-AD Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian L. Oblak ◽  
Peter B. Lin ◽  
Kevin P. Kotredes ◽  
Ravi S. Pandey ◽  
Dylan Garceau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Preclinical Testing ◽  
5Xfad Mouse

The ability to investigate therapeutic interventions in animal models of neurodegenerative diseases depends on extensive characterization of the model(s) being used. There are numerous models that have been generated to study Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and the underlying pathogenesis of the disease. While transgenic models have been instrumental in understanding AD mechanisms and risk factors, they are limited in the degree of characteristics displayed in comparison with AD in humans, and the full spectrum of AD effects has yet to be recapitulated in a single mouse model. The Model Organism Development and Evaluation for Late-Onset Alzheimer’s Disease (MODEL-AD) consortium was assembled by the National Institute on Aging (NIA) to develop more robust animal models of AD with increased relevance to human disease, standardize the characterization of AD mouse models, improve preclinical testing in animals, and establish clinically relevant AD biomarkers, among other aims toward enhancing the translational value of AD models in clinical drug design and treatment development. Here we have conducted a detailed characterization of the 5XFAD mouse, including transcriptomics, electroencephalogram, in vivo imaging, biochemical characterization, and behavioral assessments. The data from this study is publicly available through the AD Knowledge Portal.

Characterization of the 3xTg-AD mouse model of Alzheimer's disease: Part 1. Circadian changes

2010 ◽  
Vol 1348 ◽  
pp. 139-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roxanne Sterniczuk ◽  
Richard H. Dyck ◽  
Frank M. LaFerla ◽  
Michael C. Antle
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Circadian Changes ◽  
Model Of Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Ad Mouse Model

scholarly journals Characterization of the retinal changes of the 3×Tg-AD mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 875-883 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugo Ferreira ◽  
João Martins ◽  
Ana Nunes ◽  
Paula I. Moreira ◽  
Miguel Castelo-Branco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Model Of Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Ad Mouse Model

Characterization of a 3xTg-AD mouse model of Alzheimer's disease with the senescence accelerated mouse prone 8 (SAMP8) background

Synapse ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. e22025 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Virgili ◽  
Meryem Lebbadi ◽  
Cyntia Tremblay ◽  
Isabelle St-Amour ◽  
Caroline Pierrisnard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Model Of Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Ad Mouse Model ◽  
Senescence Accelerated Mouse

scholarly journals Torpor enhances synaptic strength and restores memory performance in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina F. de Veij Mestdagh ◽  
Jaap A. Timmerman ◽  
Frank Koopmans ◽  
Iryna Paliukhovich ◽  
Suzanne S. M. Miedema ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Long Term Potentiation ◽  
Fear Memory ◽  
Contextual Fear ◽  
Contextual Fear Memory ◽  
Model Of Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Term Potentiation

AbstractHibernation induces neurodegeneration-like changes in the brain, which are completely reversed upon arousal. Hibernation-induced plasticity may therefore be of great relevance for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, but remains largely unexplored. Here we show that a single torpor and arousal sequence in mice does not induce dendrite retraction and synapse loss as observed in seasonal hibernators. Instead, it increases hippocampal long-term potentiation and contextual fear memory. This is accompanied by increased levels of key postsynaptic proteins and mitochondrial complex I and IV proteins, indicating mitochondrial reactivation and enhanced synaptic plasticity upon arousal. Interestingly, a single torpor and arousal sequence was also sufficient to restore contextual fear memory in an APP/PS1 mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease. Our study demonstrates that torpor in mice evokes an exceptional state of hippocampal plasticity and that naturally occurring plasticity mechanisms during torpor provide an opportunity to identify unique druggable targets for the treatment of cognitive impairment.

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