scholarly journals Dual Passive Reactive Brain Computer Interface: a Novel Approach to Human-Machine Symbiosis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederic Dehais ◽  
Simon Ladouce ◽  
Ludovic Darmet ◽  
Tran-Vu Nong ◽  
Giuseppe Ferraro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Classification Accuracy ◽  
Brain Computer Interface ◽  
Computer Interface ◽  
Flight Simulator ◽  
Classification Algorithms ◽  
Monitoring Task ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Novel Concept ◽  
Mean Reaction Time

The present study proposes a novel concept of neuroadaptive technology, namely a dual passive-reactive Brain-Computer Interface (BCI), that enables bi-directional interaction between humans and machines. We have implemented such a system in a realistic flight simulator using the NextMind classification algorithms and framework to decode pilots' intention (reactive BCI) and to infer their level of attention (passive BCI). Twelve pilots used the reactive BCI to perform checklists along with an anti-collision radar monitoring task that was supervised by the passive BCI. The latter simulated an automatic avoidance maneuver when it detected that pilots missed an incoming collision. The reactive BCI reached 100% classification accuracy with a mean reaction time of 1.6s when exclusively performing the checklist task. Accuracy was up to 98.5% with a mean reaction time of 2.5s when pilots also had to fly the aircraft and monitor the anti-collision radar. The passive BCI achieved a F1 score of 0.94. This first demonstration shows the potential of a dual BCI to improve human-machine teaming which could be applied to a variety of applications.

Signal Processing and Classification for Electroencephalography Based Motor Imagery Brain Computer Interface

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2918-2927
Author(s):  
A. Shankar ◽  
S. Muttan ◽  
D. Vaithiyanathan
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Signal Processing ◽  
Motor Imagery ◽  
Classification Accuracy ◽  
Brain Computer Interface ◽  
Computer Interface ◽  
Discrete Wavelet ◽  
Feature Sets ◽  
Evaluation Of Performance ◽  
The Brain

Brain Computer Interface (BCI) is a fast growing area of research to enable communication between our brains and computers. EEG based motor imagery BCI involves the user imagining movement, the subsequent recording and signal processing on the electroencephalogram signals from the brain, and the translation of those signals into specific commands. Ultimately, motor imagery BCI has the potential to be applied to helping those with special abilities recover motor control. This paper presents an evaluation of performance for EEG based motor imagery BCI with a classification accuracy of 80.2%, making use of features extracted using the Fast Fourier Transform and the Discrete Wavelet Transform, and classification is done using an Artificial Neural Network. It goes on to conclude how the performance is affected by the particular feature sets and neural network parameters.

Practical Artifact Removal Brain-Computer Interface System

2014 ◽  
pp. 265-277
Author(s):  
Wei-Yen Hsu
Keyword(s):  
Support Vector Machine ◽  
Classification Accuracy ◽  
Brain Computer Interface ◽  
Computer Interface ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Artifact Removal ◽  
Eeg Data ◽  
Interface System ◽  
Electroencephalogram Eeg ◽  
Bci System

In this chapter, a practical artifact removal Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) system for single-trial Electroencephalogram (EEG) data is proposed for applications in neuroprosthetics. Independent Component Analysis (ICA) combined with the use of a correlation coefficient is proposed to remove the EOG artifacts automatically, which can further improve classification accuracy. The features are then extracted from wavelet transform data by means of the proposed modified fractal dimension. Finally, Support Vector Machine (SVM) is used for the classification. When compared with the results obtained without using the EOG signal elimination, the proposed BCI system achieves promising results that will be effectively applied in neuroprosthetics.

scholarly journals A P300 Brain-Computer Interface With a Reduced Visual Field

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiza Kirasirova ◽  
Vladimir Bulanov ◽  
Alexei Ossadtchi ◽  
Alexander Kolsanov ◽  
Vasily Pyatin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Field ◽  
Visual Processing ◽  
Classification Accuracy ◽  
Peripheral Vision ◽  
Brain Computer Interface ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Computer Interface ◽  
Central Visual Field ◽  
P300 Speller ◽  
Related Potentials

A P300 brain-computer interface (BCI) is a paradigm, where text characters are decoded from event-related potentials (ERPs). In a popular implementation, called P300 speller, a subject looks at a display where characters are flashing and selects one character by attending to it. The selection is recognized as the item with the strongest ERP. The speller performs well when cortical responses to target and non-target stimuli are sufficiently different. Although many strategies have been proposed for improving the BCI spelling, a relatively simple one received insufficient attention in the literature: reduction of the visual field to diminish the contribution from non-target stimuli. Previously, this idea was implemented in a single-stimulus switch that issued an urgent command like stopping a robot. To tackle this approach further, we ran a pilot experiment where ten subjects operated a traditional P300 speller or wore a binocular aperture that confined their sight to the central visual field. As intended, visual field restriction resulted in a replacement of non-target ERPs with EEG rhythms asynchronous to stimulus periodicity. Changes in target ERPs were found in half of the subjects and were individually variable. While classification accuracy was slightly better for the aperture condition (84.3 ± 2.9%, mean ± standard error) than the no-aperture condition (81.0 ± 2.6%), this difference was not statistically significant for the entire sample of subjects (N = 10). For both the aperture and no-aperture conditions, classification accuracy improved over 4 days of training, more so for the aperture condition (from 72.0 ± 6.3% to 87.0 ± 3.9% and from 72.0 ± 5.6% to 97.0 ± 2.2% for the no-aperture and aperture conditions, respectively). Although in this study BCI performance was not substantially altered, we suggest that with further refinement this approach could speed up BCI operations and reduce user fatigue. Additionally, instead of wearing an aperture, non-targets could be removed algorithmically or with a hybrid interface that utilizes an eye tracker. We further discuss how a P300 speller could be improved by taking advantage of the different physiological properties of the central and peripheral vision. Finally, we suggest that the proposed experimental approach could be used in basic research on the mechanisms of visual processing.

scholarly journals A Novel Design of 4-Class BCI Using Two Binary Classifiers and Parallel Mental Tasks

2008 ◽  
Vol 2008 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Geng ◽  
John Q. Gan ◽  
Matthew Dyson ◽  
Chun SL Tsui ◽  
Francisco Sepulveda
Keyword(s):  
Brain Computer Interface ◽  
Computer Interface ◽  
Classification Algorithms ◽  
Single Trial ◽  
Linear Discriminant ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Offline Analysis ◽  
Binary Classifiers ◽  
Novel Design ◽  
Mental Tasks

A novel 4-class single-trial brain computer interface (BCI) based on two (rather than four or more) binary linear discriminant analysis (LDA) classifiers is proposed, which is called a “parallel BCI.” Unlike other BCIs where mental tasks are executed and classified in a serial way one after another, the parallel BCI uses properly designed parallel mental tasks that are executed on both sides of the subject body simultaneously, which is the main novelty of the BCI paradigm used in our experiments. Each of the two binary classifiers only classifies the mental tasks executed on one side of the subject body, and the results of the two binary classifiers are combined to give the result of the 4-class BCI. Data was recorded in experiments with both real movement and motor imagery in 3 able-bodied subjects. Artifacts were not detected or removed. Offline analysis has shown that, in some subjects, the parallel BCI can generate a higher accuracy than a conventional 4-class BCI, although both of them have used the same feature selection and classification algorithms.

scholarly journals Comparison of Classification Methods for P300 Brain-Computer Interface on Disabled Subjects

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolay V. Manyakov ◽  
Nikolay Chumerin ◽  
Adrien Combaz ◽  
Marc M. Van Hulle
Keyword(s):  
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ◽  
Classification Accuracy ◽  
Brain Computer Interface ◽  
Computer Interface ◽  
Classification Methods ◽  
Linear Classifier ◽  
Typing System ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Lateral Sclerosis ◽  
Selection Of

We report on tests with a mind typing paradigm based on a P300 brain-computer interface (BCI) on a group of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), middle cerebral artery (MCA) stroke, and subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) patients, suffering from motor and speech disabilities. We investigate the achieved typing accuracy given the individual patient's disorder, and how it correlates with the type of classifier used. We considered 7 types of classifiers, linear as well as nonlinear ones, and found that, overall, one type of linear classifier yielded a higher classification accuracy. In addition to the selection of the classifier, we also suggest and discuss a number of recommendations to be considered when building a P300-based typing system for disabled subjects.

scholarly journals Investigation of EEG Signal Classification Techniques for Brain Computer Interface

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 3266-3274
Keyword(s):  
Feature Extraction ◽  
Classification Accuracy ◽  
Brain Computer Interface ◽  
Signal Classification ◽  
Computer Interface ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Eeg Signals ◽  
Classification Techniques ◽  
Feature Extraction And Selection ◽  
Bci System

Brain-computer interface (BCI) has emerged as a popular research domain in recent years. The use of electroencephalography (EEG) signals for motor imagery (MI) based BCI has gained widespread attention. The first step in its implementation is to fetch EEG signals from scalp of human subject. The preprocessing of EEG signals is done before applying feature extraction, selection and classification techniques as main steps of signal processing. In preprocessing stage, artifacts are removed from raw brain signals before these are input to next stage of feature extraction. Subsequently classifier algorithms are used to classify selected features into intended MI tasks. The major challenge in a BCI systems is to improve classification accuracy of a BCI system. In this paper, an approach based on Support Vector Machine (SVM), is proposed for signal classification to improve accuracy of the BCI system. The parameters of kernel are varied to attain improvement in classification accuracy. Independent component analysis (ICA) technique is used for preprocessing and filter bank common spatial pattern (FBCSP) for feature extraction and selection. The proposed approach is evaluated on data set 2a of BCI Competition IV by using 5-fold crossvalidation procedure. Results show that it performs better in terms of classification accuracy, as compared to other methods reported in literature.

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