scholarly journals Cross reactivity of spike glycoprotein induced antibody against delta and omicron variants before and after third SARS-CoV-2 vaccine dose

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sian E Faustini ◽  
Adrian M Shields ◽  
Gemma Banham ◽  
Nadezhda Wall ◽  
Saly Al-Taei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Health Care Worker ◽  
Vaccine Dose ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Know How ◽  
Therapeutic Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Care Worker ◽  
Induced Immunity

Variants of SARS-CoV-2 may evade natural and vaccine induced immunity and monoclonal antibody immunotherapeutics. There is an urgent need to know how well antibodies, induced by healthy and Clinically Extremely Vulnerable (CEV) patients, will bind and thus help reduce transmission and severity of infection from variants of concern (VOC). This study determines the cross-reactive binding of serum antibodies obtained prior to and 28 days after a third vaccination in three cohorts; a health care worker cohort who received three doses of Pfizer-BioNtech (PPP), a cohort of CEV patients received two doses of the AstraZeneca-ChAdOx1-nCoV-19 (AAP) vaccine, followed by a third PFZ vaccine and a haemodialysis cohort that had a mixture of two AZ or PFZ vaccines followed by a PFZ booster. Six months post second vaccine there was evidence of antibody waning with 58.9% of individuals in the HD cohort seropositive against Wuhan, 34.4% Delta and 62.2% Omicron strains. For the AAP cohort, equivalent figures were 62.5%, 45.8% and 91.7% and the PPP cohort 92.2%, 90% and 91.1%. Post third dose vaccination there were universal increases in seropositivity and median optical density. For the HD cohort, 98.8% were seropositive to the Wuhan strain, 97.6% against Delta and 100% against Omicron strains. For the PPP and AAP cohorts, 100% were seropositive against all 3 strains. Lastly, we examined the WHO NIBSC 20/136 standard and there was no loss of antibody binding to either VOC. Similarly, a dilution series of Sotrovimab (GSK) found this therapeutic monoclonal antibody bound similarly to all VOC.

scholarly journals The Humoral Response to the BNT162b2 Vaccine in Hemodialysis Patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Yau ◽  
Kento T Abe ◽  
David MJ Naimark ◽  
Matthew J Oliver ◽  
Jeffrey Perl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Worker ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Vaccine Dose ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
Chronic Hemodialysis ◽  
Post Dose ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Median Level ◽  
Care Worker

Importance: Hemodialysis patients have an exceptionally high mortality from COVID-19 and this patient population often has a poor response to vaccinations. Randomized controlled trials for COVID-19 vaccines included few patients with kidney disease, therefore vaccine immunogenicity is uncertain in this population. Objective: Evaluate the SARS-CoV-2 antibody response in chronic hemodialysis patients following one versus two doses of BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccination compared to health care worker controls and convalescent serum. Design: Prospective observational cohort study. Setting: Single centre study in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Participants: 142 in-centre hemodialysis patients and 35 health care worker controls. Exposure: BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) COVID-19 vaccine. Main Outcomes and Measures: SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies to the spike protein (anti-spike), receptor binding domain (anti-RBD), and nucleocapsid protein (anti-NP) were measured in 66 hemodialysis patients receiving one vaccine dose following a public health policy change, 76 patients receiving two vaccine doses, and 35 health care workers receiving two vaccine doses. Results: Detectable anti-NP suggestive of natural SARS-CoV-2 infection was detected in 15/142 (11%) of patients at baseline while only three patients had prior RT-PCR confirmed COVID-19. Two additional patients contracted COVID-19 after receiving two doses of vaccine. In patients receiving a single BNT162b2 dose, seroconversion occurred in 53/66 (80%) for anti-spike and 35/66 (55%) for anti-RBD by 28 days post dose, but only 15/66 (23%) and 4/66 (6%), respectively attained a robust response as defined by reaching the median level of anti-spike and anti-RBD in convalescent serum from COVID-19 survivors. In patients receiving two doses of BNT162b2 vaccine, seroconversion occurred in 69/72 (96%) for anti-spike and 63/72 (88%) for anti-RBD by 2 weeks following the second dose while 52/72 (72%) and 43/76 (41%) reached the median convalescent serum level of anti-spike and anti-RBD, respectively. In contrast, 35/35 (100%) of health care workers exceeded the median level of anti-spike and anti-RBD found in convalescent serum 2-4 weeks after the second dose. Conclusions and Relevance: This study confirms poor immunogenicity 28 days following a single dose of BNT162b2 vaccine in the hemodialysis population, supporting adherence to recommended vaccination schedules, and avoiding delay of the second dose in these at-risk individuals.

scholarly journals Healthcare-associated SARS-CoV-2 transmission in a neonatal unit: the importance of universal masking, hand hygiene and symptom screening in containment

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
S L Holgate ◽  
A Dramowski ◽  
M van Niekerk ◽  
H Hassan ◽  
Y Prinsloo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Hand Hygiene ◽  
Health Care Worker ◽  
Neonatal Unit ◽  
Preterm Neonates ◽  
Staff Members ◽  
Symptom Screening ◽  
Containment Measures ◽  
Healthcare Associated ◽  
Care Worker

Abstract Following exposure to a health care worker with an influenza-like illness, two preterm neonates and six staff members developed symptoms and tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. This neonatal unit COVID-19 outbreak occurred prior to implementation of universal masking and symptom screening policies. Both neonates and all staff recovered, with no further healthcare-associated SARS-CoV-2 transmission following implementation of effective outbreak containment measures.

scholarly journals Health care worker burnout after the first wave of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic in Japan

2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Takahiro Matsuo ◽  
Fumika Taki ◽  
Daiki Kobayashi ◽  
Torahiko Jinta ◽  
Chiharu Suzuki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Worker ◽  
Care Worker
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