scholarly journals Cortical and thalamic connectivity of posterior parietal visual cortical areas PPc and PPr of the domestic ferret (Mustela putorius furo).

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leigh-Anne Dell ◽  
Giorgio M Innocenti ◽  
Claus C Hilgetag ◽  
Paul R Manger
Keyword(s):  
Parietal Cortex ◽  
Posterior Parietal Cortex ◽  
Mustela Putorius ◽  
Dorsal Thalamus ◽  
Area 7 ◽  
Model Animal ◽  
Visual Areas ◽  
Posterior Parietal ◽  
Visual Cortical ◽  
And Function

The present study describes the ipsilateral and contralateral cortico-cortical and cortico-thalamic connectivity of the parietal visual areas PPc and PPr in the ferret using standard anatomical tract-tracing methods. The two divisions of posterior parietal cortex of the ferret are strongly interconnected, however area PPc shows stronger connectivity with the occipital and suprasylvian visual cortex, while area PPr shows stronger connectivity with the somatomotor cortex, reflecting the functional specificity of these two areas. This pattern of connectivity is mirrored in the contralateral callosal connections. In addition, PPc and PPr are connected with the visual and somatomotor nuclei of the dorsal thalamus. Numerous connectional similarities exist between the posterior parietal cortex of the ferret (PPc and PPr) and the cat (area 7 and 5), indicative of the homology of these areas within the Carnivora. These findings highlight the existence of a fronto-parietal network as a shared feature of the organization of parietal cortex across Euarchontoglires and Laurasiatherians, with the degree of expression varying in relation to the expansion and areal complexity of the posterior parietal cortex. This observation indicates that the ferret is a potentially valuable experimental model animal for understanding the evolution and function of the posterior parietal cortex and the fronto-parietal network across mammals. The data generated will also contribute to the Ferretome (www.ferretome.org) connectomics databank, to further cross-species analyses of connectomes and illuminate wiring principles of cortical connectivity across mammals.

scholarly journals Cortical and thalamic connectivity of temporal visual cortical areas 20a and 20b of the domestic ferret (Mustela putorius furo).

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leigh-Anne Dell ◽  
Giorgio M Innocenti ◽  
Claus C Hilgetag ◽  
Paul R Manger
Keyword(s):  
Posterior Parietal Cortex ◽  
Network Connectivity ◽  
Temporal Region ◽  
Mustela Putorius ◽  
Dorsal Thalamus ◽  
Visual Thalamus ◽  
Species Analysis ◽  
Visual Areas ◽  
Posterior Parietal ◽  
Visual Cortical

The present study describes the ipsilateral and contralateral cortico-cortical and cortico-thalamic connectivity of the temporal visual areas 20a and 20b in the ferret using standard anatomical tract-tracing methods. The two temporal visual areas are strongly interconnected, but area 20a is primarily connected to the occipital visual areas, whereas area 20b maintains more widespread connections with the occipital, parietal and suprasylvian visual areas and the secondary auditory cortex. The callosal connectivity, although homotopic, consists mainly of very weak anterograde labelling which was more widespread in area 20a than area 20b. Although areas 20a and 20b are well connected with the visual dorsal thalamus, the injection into area 20a resulted in more anterograde label, whereas more retrograde label was observed in the visual thalamus following the injection into area 20b. Most interestingly, comparisons to previous connectional studies of cat areas 20a and 20b reveal a common pattern of connectivity of the temporal visual cortex in carnivores, where the posterior parietal cortex and the central temporal region (PMLS) provide network points required for dorsal and ventral stream interaction enroute to integration in the prefrontal cortex. This pattern of network connectivity is not dissimilar to that observed in primates, which highlights the ferret as a useful animal model to understand visual sensory integration between the dorsal and ventral streams. This data will contribute to the Ferretome (www.ferretome.org) to facilitate cross species analysis of brain connectomes and wiring principles of the brain.

Contributions of cat posterior parietal cortex to visuospatial discrimination

2000 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 701-709 ◽  
Author(s):  
STEPHEN G. LOMBER ◽  
BERTRAM R. PAYNE
Keyword(s):  
Parietal Cortex ◽  
Posterior Parietal Cortex ◽  
Food Reward ◽  
Visual Space ◽  
Visual Orienting ◽  
Area 7 ◽  
Visuospatial Processing ◽  
Posterior Parietal ◽  
Cooling Loops ◽  
Significant Bearing

The purpose of the present study was to examine the contributions made by cat posterior parietal cortex to the analyses of the relative position of objects in visual space. Two cats were trained on a landmark task in which they learned to report the position of a landmark object relative to a right or left food-reward chamber. Subsequently, three pairs of cooling loops were implanted bilaterally in contact with visuoparietal cortices forming the crown of the middle suprasylvian gyrus (MSg; architectonic area 7) and the banks of the posterior-middle suprasylvian sulcus (pMS sulcal cortex) and in contact with the ventral-posterior suprasylvian (vPS) region of visuotemporal cortex. Bilateral deactivation of pMS sulcal cortex resulted in a profound impairment for all six tested positions of the landmark, yet bilateral deactivation of neither area 7 nor vPS cortex yielded any deficits. In control tasks (visual orienting and object discrimination), there was no evidence for any degree of attentional blindness or impairment of form discrimination during bilateral deactivation of pMS cortex. Therefore, we conclude that bilateral cooling of pMS cortex, but neither area 7 nor vPS cortex, induces a specific deficit in spatial localization as examined with the landmark task. These observations have significant bearing on our understanding of visuospatial processing in cat, monkey, and human cortices.

scholarly journals Reconsidering the Border between the Visual and Posterior Parietal Cortex of Mice

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara R J Gilissen ◽  
Karl Farrow ◽  
Vincent Bonin ◽  
Lutgarde Arckens
Keyword(s):  
Parietal Cortex ◽  
Posterior Parietal Cortex ◽  
Spatial Navigation ◽  
Thalamic Nuclei ◽  
Anterior Cortex ◽  
Detailed Understanding ◽  
Cortical Input ◽  
Visual Areas ◽  
Posterior Parietal ◽  
Cortical Map

Abstract The posterior parietal cortex (PPC) contributes to multisensory and sensory-motor integration, as well as spatial navigation. Based on primate studies, the PPC is composed of several subdivisions with differing connection patterns, including areas that exhibit retinotopy. In mice the composition of the PPC is still under debate. We propose a revised anatomical delineation in which we classify the higher order visual areas rostrolateral area (RL), anteromedial area (AM), and Medio-Medial-Anterior cortex (MMA) as subregions of the mouse PPC. Retrograde and anterograde tracing revealed connectivity, characteristic for primate PPC, with sensory, retrosplenial, orbitofrontal, cingulate and motor cortex, as well as with several thalamic nuclei and the superior colliculus in the mouse. Regarding cortical input, RL receives major input from the somatosensory barrel field, while AM receives more input from the trunk, whereas MMA receives strong inputs from retrosplenial, cingulate, and orbitofrontal cortices. These input differences suggest that each posterior PPC subregion may have a distinct function. Summarized, we put forward a refined cortical map, including a mouse PPC that contains at least 6 subregions, RL, AM, MMA and PtP, MPta, LPta/A. These anatomical results set the stage for a more detailed understanding about the role that the PPC and its subdivisions play in multisensory integration-based behavior in mice.

scholarly journals Cortical and thalamic connectivity of occipital visual cortical areas 17, 18, 19 and 21 of the domestic ferret (Mustela putorius furo).

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leigh-Anne Dell ◽  
Giorgio M Innocenti ◽  
Claus C Hilgetag ◽  
Paul R Manger
Keyword(s):  
Brain Connectivity ◽  
Dorsal Stream ◽  
Mustela Putorius ◽  
Cortical Connectivity ◽  
Ipsilateral Hemisphere ◽  
Dorsal Thalamus ◽  
Visual Thalamus ◽  
Cortical Areas ◽  
Visual Areas ◽  
Visual Cortical

The present study describes the ipsilateral and contralateral cortico-cortical and cortico-thalamic connectivity of the occipital visual areas 17,18, 19 and 21 in the ferret using standard anatomical tract-tracing methods. In line with previous studies of mammalian visual cortex connectivity, substantially more anterograde and retrograde label was present in the hemisphere ipsilateral to the injection site compared to the contralateral hemisphere. Ipsilateral reciprocal connectivity was the strongest within the occipital visual areas, while weaker connectivity strength was observed in the temporal, suprasylvian and parietal visual areas. Callosal connectivity tended to be strongest in the homotopic cortical areas, and revealed a similar areal distribution to that observed in the ipsilateral hemisphere, although often less widespread across cortical areas. Ipsilateral reciprocal connectivity was observed throughout the visual nuclei of the dorsal thalamus, with no contralateral connections to the visual thalamus being observed. The current study, along with previous studies of connectivity in the cat, identified the posteromedial lateral suprasylvian visual area (PMLS) as a distinct network hub external to the occipital visual areas in carnivores, implicating PMLS as a potential gateway to the parietal cortex for dorsal stream processing. These data will also contribute to the Ferretome (www.ferretome.org), a macro connectome database of the ferret brain, providing essential data for connectomics analyses and cross-species analyses of connectomes and brain connectivity matrices, as well as providing data relevant to additional studies of cortical connectivity across mammals and the evolution of cortical connectivity variation.

scholarly journals State Estimation in Posterior Parietal Cortex: Distinct Poles of Environmental and Bodily States

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Pieter Medendorp ◽  
Tobias Heed
Keyword(s):  
Parietal Cortex ◽  
Information Seeking ◽  
Posterior Parietal Cortex ◽  
Functional Organization ◽  
Novelty Detection ◽  
The Body ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Motor Processing ◽  
Posterior Parietal ◽  
And Function

Posterior parietal cortex (PPC) has been implicated in sensory and motor processing, but its underlying organization is still debated. Sensory-based accounts suggest that PPC is mainly involved in attentional selection and multisensory integration, serving novelty detection and information seeking. Motor-specific accounts suggest a parietal subdivision into lower-dimensional, effector-specific subspaces for planning motor action. More recently, function-based interpretations have been put forward based on coordinated responses across multiple effectors evoked by circumscribed PPC regions. In this review, we posit that an overarching interpretation of PPC’s functional organization must integrate, rather than contrast, these various accounts of PPC. We propose that PPC’s main role is that of a state estimator, which extends into two poles: a rostral, body-related pole, which projects the environment onto the body and a caudal, environment-related pole that projects the body into an environment landscape. The combined topology interweaves perceptual, motor, and function-specific principles, and suggests that actions are specified by top-down guided optimization of body-environment interactions.

scholarly journals Reconsidering the border between the visual and posterior parietal cortex of mice

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara R. J. Gilissen ◽  
Karl Farrow ◽  
Vincent Bonin ◽  
Lutgarde Arckens
Keyword(s):  
Parietal Cortex ◽  
Posterior Parietal Cortex ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Anatomical Location ◽  
List Type ◽  
Thalamic Nuclei ◽  
Cortical Input ◽  
Mouse Cortex ◽  
Visual Areas ◽  
Posterior Parietal

AbstractThe posterior parietal cortex (PPC) contributes to multisensory and sensory-motor integration, as well as spatial navigation. Based on studies in primates, the PPC is composed of several subdivisions with differing connection patterns, including areas that exhibit retinotopy. In mice the exact anatomical location and composition of the PPC is poorly understood. We present a revised delineation in which we classify the higher-order visual areas RL, AM and MMA as subregions of the mouse PPC. Retrograde and anterograde tracing revealed connectivity, characteristic for primate PPC, with sensory, retrosplenial, orbitofrontal, cingulate and motor cortex, as well as with several thalamic nuclei and the superior colliculus in the mouse. Regarding cortical input, RL receives major input from the somatosensory barrel field, while AM receives more input from the trunk, whereas MMA receives strong inputs from retrosplenial, cingulate and orbitofrontal cortices. These input differences suggest that each new PPC sub-region has a distinct function. Summarized, we put forward a new refined cortical map, including a mouse PPC that contains at least 6 sub-regions, RL, AM, MMA and PtP, MPta, LPta/A. These results will facilitate a more detailed understanding about the role that the PPC and its subdivisions play in multisensory integration-based behavior in mice.HighlightsHigher-order visual areas RL, AM and MMA are part of the posterior parietal cortex (PPC) of the mouse based on connectivity.The mouse PPC contains at least 6 sub-regions, including RL, AM, MMA, PtP, LPtA/A and MPtASpecialized cortical input patterns to the new PPC subdivisions may reflect division of function.A new flattened map for mouse cortex represents refined auditory, visual, retrosplenial and PPC areas.

Convergence of processing channels in the extrastriate cortex of monkeys

1990 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 609-613 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leah Krubitzer ◽  
Jon Kaas
Keyword(s):  
Visual Tracking ◽  
Parietal Cortex ◽  
Posterior Parietal Cortex ◽  
Visual Area ◽  
Extrastriate Cortex ◽  
Motion Processing ◽  
Middle Temporal ◽  
Visual Areas ◽  
Posterior Parietal ◽  
Visual Area Mt

AbstractThe first (V-I) and second (V-II) visual areas of primates contain three types of anatomical segregations of neurons as parts of hypothesized “P-B” or “color”, “P-I” or “form,” and “M” or “motion” processing channels. These channels remain distinct in relays of P-B and P-I information to the inferior temporal lobe via V-II and dorsolateral visual cortex for object recognition, and “M” information to posterior parietal cortex via the middle temporal visual area (MT) for visual tracking and attention. The present anatomical experiments demonstrate another channel where “P-B” modules in V-I and “P-B” and “M” modules in V-II merge in the projections to the dorsomedial visual area (DM), which relays to MT and posterior parietal cortex. This integrative area may function in unifying our perception of the visual world, and may allow “color” as well as “motion” to play a role in visual tracking and attention.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document