Aesthetic evaluation of lip position with respect to profile divergence: A silhouette based study.

Objective: To determine the mean attractiveness and score of lip position that is rated by orthodontists and lay persons in different levels of profile divergence as seen in silhouette images. Study Design: Cross-sectional survey. Setting: Punjab Dental Hospital/de’Montmorency College of Dentistry, Lahore. Period: January 2020 to July 2020. Material & Methods: Lay people were selected from the hospital and orthodontic postgraduate trainees were selected from the college. An ideal profile image was constructed and converted to silhouette. By changing position of subnasale and soft tissue pogonion horizontally in relation to true vertical line, divergence of profile was changed and 3 forms of straight/normal profile were created. Three sets of profiles were created (1 anterior divergent, 2 straight divergent, 3 posterior divergent) and each set consisted of 5 images with different degrees of lip protrusion. Results: There were 50% of both genders in orthodontists and 48% males and 52% females in lay person with mean ages 28.74±2.55 and 34.66±7.30 years respectively were part of the study. There was significant difference found between orthodontists and lay person for anterior divergent profile with normal position (4.54±0.61 and 4.68±0.47 with P<0.05). Conclusion: The normal lip position is viewed as the most ideal position; however the same does not have any significant bearing to the straight divergent profile, in which the assessments of various groups were uncertain.

Unfounded claims about productivity beyond density for reindeer pastoralism systems

We point out problems with the article Productivity beyond density: A critique of management models for reindeer pastoralism in Norway by Marin and co-workers published in Pastoralism in 2020. In our opinion, there are several misleading claims about the governance of the reindeer pastoralist system in Norway, the Røros model for herd management and density dependence in reindeer herds in their article. We point out the errors in their empirical re-evaluation of previous work on the relationship between reindeer densities and the productivity and slaughter weights in herds. These errors have a significant bearing on their conclusions. We agree that weather variability has a substantial impact on reindeer body mass growth, fecundity and survival, but disagree with Marin et al. when they argue that reindeer densities are of minor importance for reindeer productivity and animal welfare.

PRMT5: An Emerging Target for Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma

The overall survival of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains poor and its incidence is rising. Targetable mutations in PDAC are rare, thus novel therapeutic approaches are needed. Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) overexpression is associated with worse survival and inhibition of PRMT5 results in decreased cancer growth across multiple cancers, including PDAC. Emerging evidence also suggests that altered RNA processing is a driver in PDAC tumorigenesis and creates a partial dependency on this process. PRMT5 inhibition induces altered splicing and this vulnerability can be exploited as a novel therapeutic approach. Three possible biological pathways underpinning the action of PRMT5 inhibitors are discussed; c-Myc regulation appears central to its action in the PDAC setting. Whilst homozygous MTAP deletion and symmetrical dimethylation levels are associated with increased sensitivity to PRMT5 inhibition, neither measure robustly predicts its growth inhibitory response. The immunomodulatory effect of PRMT5 inhibitors on the tumour microenvironment will also be discussed, based on emerging evidence that PDAC stroma has a significant bearing on disease behaviour and response to therapy. Lastly, with the above caveats in mind, current knowledge gaps and the implications and rationales for PRMT5 inhibitor development in PDAC will be explored.

REV1 Inhibition Enhances Radioresistance and Autophagy

Cancer therapy resistance is a persistent clinical challenge. Recently, inhibition of the mutagenic translesion synthesis (TLS) protein REV1 was shown to enhance tumor cell response to chemotherapy by triggering senescence hallmarks. These observations suggest REV1&rsquo;s important role in determining cancer cell response to chemotherapy. Whether REV1 inhibition would similarly sensitize cancer cells to radiation treatment is unknown. This study reports a lack of radiosensitization in response to REV1 inhibition by small molecule inhibitors in ionizing radiation-exposed cancer cells. Instead, REV1 inhibition unexpectedly triggers autophagy, which is a known biomarker of radioresistance. Collectively, we report a possible role of REV1 TLS protein in determining cancer treatment outcomes depending upon the type of DNA damage inflicted. Furthermore, we discover REV1 inhibition directly triggers autophagy, an uncharacterized REV1 phenotype, with significant bearing on cancer treatment regimens.

Gender Identification in Language Other than Mother-Tongue: A Case of Non-Thai Listeners Deciphering a Thai Male Speaker’s Gender

This paper explores what factors contribute to distinguishing gay sounding and straight man sounding speech; linguistic cognate or social knowledge and whether the gender of listeners also determines ability in identification. To answer these questions, 286 participants were classified by nationality into 3 groups of participants: Thai listeners as a control group, Zhuang, and Other listeners. They were asked to listen to 12 voice stimuli in Thai from straight and gay men and identify the gender of the speakers. The outcome revealed that the accuracy rate in identifying a speaker’s gender varied among the 3 groups of listeners with Thai listeners scoring the highest in gender identification, followed by the Others and Zhuang respectively. This indicates that social knowledge gained from one’s presence Thailand is more important than linguistic cognate. Gender identification may have been made based on the expectation of the ‘typical’ social scene such as the high visibility of gay men in Thailand. The results also suggest that gender of the listeners does not have a significant bearing on the ability to differentiate gay and straight male voices.

Emotional Intelligence, Socio -Emotional Competence andHuman Capital

The concept of emotional intelligence and emotional competency is contemporary issue in the management literature. Therefore, it has become imperative to study, understand and leverage it for the sake of enhancing the capacity of human capital at the level of individual as well as organizations. As the pace of change is fast and uncertain in the world of work, it is making more and more demands on a person’s cognitive, emotional and physical resources. These set of capabilities are becoming progressively significant. It is because majority of the concerns in organization involve people in different roles. Hence, emotional intelligence must become a determining factor for their effective management. Emotional and personal competencies are inevitable to identify measure, predict and manage performance at workplace resulting in its effectiveness. Thereby, it boosts the worth of the human capital. That is the reason why, the competencies possessed by the people have a significant bearing on the extent to which they can actualize their emotional intelligence. The current paper sets out to examine the concept and correlation between the emotional intelligence, socio emotional competencies, emotionally intelligent behavior and human capital. The study recommends that emotional intelligence is significantly related with the socio-emotional competencies which ultimately strengthen emotionally intelligent behavior to leverage human capital at individual and organizational level.

The Relationship Between Sexual Compulsivity, Emotional and Spiritual Distress of Religious and Non-religious Internet Pornography Users

This study sought to examine the relationship between the sexual compulsivity, emotional and spiritual distress of religious and non-religious adults who sought assessment for pornography addiction on the Internet. Religious (n = 350) and non-religious (n = 114) data were analyzed separately with a one-way between-subjects multivariate analysis of variance. The Kalichman Sexual Compulsivity Scale was used to divide the religious and non-religious into three groups: non-sexually compulsive (NCs); moderately sexually compulsive and sexually compulsive (SCs). All of the dependent variables, except age, were significantly higher for SCs than NCs for the religious. For the non-religious, all of the dependent variables, except age and time spent viewing Internet pornography (IP), were significantly higher for SCs than NCs. The non-religious spent significantly more time viewing IP than the religious. Yet, the religious were significantly more sexually compulsive. Emotional distress and spiritual distress were found to be significantly higher for SCs than the NCs regardless of religiosity. The non-religious were significantly more anxious and stressed than the religious. Specific religious affiliations did not have any significant bearing on the degree of sexual compulsivity. Religious practice, being associated with less viewing of IP, suggests the likelihood that moral reasons may provide some rationale for not viewing IP. At the same time, religious practice might reinforce shame in the addiction cycle thus religious individuals may be more at-risk to developing a compulsive pattern of viewing IP. The implications of the findings and suggestions for future research are presented.

A Study of the Effect of Parental Education and Occupation on the Study Habits of Class XI Science Students of Aizawl City

It has been often said home is the first school and parents the first teachers. A child’s education is greatly affected by his environment including the home. As parents are major figures in the home, their education and occupational status would be expected to have bearing on the educational performance of a child. A study was conducted among secondary science students of Aizawl City Mizoram to examine if parental education and occupational status would have significant bearing on the study habits of the child. A sample population of 512 students from 8 schools was examined and the Study Habit Inventory developed by Dr. M. Mukhopadhyay and Dr. D. N. Sansanwal was used for the purpose of the study. Statistical techniques such as t-test were used to analyse the data and the study found that the study habits of children were affected only by the educational status of the mothers.

Capital Account Liberalization and Capital Movement in China

Capital account liberalization has always been at the core of economic policymaking. China is a country which has chosen to go gradual in opening up the capital account. The present research seeks to manoeuvre aspects of capital account liberalization for the Chinese economy. An empirical investigation is run for ascertaining the particular influence capital controls has had on foreign direct investment in China which has outpaced other capital flows in the past decades. The model applied involves foreign direct investment inflows as the dependent variable while four variables are independent. The stationarity of the univariate series is checked with the use of Augmented Dicky Fuller test. The study concludes with theoretical understanding that full liberalization of the current account in China has overall benefited the economy. The outcome of the study suggests that there is no significant bearing of current account liberalization on foreign direct inflows.

Sites Unseen

This chapter argues that Catholics and evangelicals ultimately contribute to distinct constructions of ethnic space and of ethnic identity, in as much as ethnic space serves as a mechanism for ethnic identity construction. For Catholics, religion shapes the boundaries of ethnicity as a retrospective, locally anchored, communally embodied identity. For evangelicals, religion shapes the boundaries of ethnicity as a future looking, regionally dispersed, voluntarily selected identity. Catholicism, the author argues, tends to contribute to a more robust sense of ethnic continuity, while evangelicalism tends to contribute to a more robust sense of religious salience. The author argues that intergenerational transmission is a matter that both traditions continue to contend with as it has significant bearing on their ethnic futures. The chapter closes by reflecting on the adaptive ethnoreligious identities being forged by later generation Latinxs in light of the materials made available by earlier generations.