Scattering of Relativistic Electrons on Electric Field Concentrations in a Turbulent Plasma

1984 ◽  
Vol 52 (18) ◽  
pp. 1613-1616 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. J. Hopman ◽  
G. C. A. M. Janssen
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Turbulent Plasma ◽  
Relativistic Electrons

MEASUREMENT OF ELECTRIC FIELD IN TURBULENT PLASMA BY THE METHOD OF SATELLITES OF FORBIDDEN TRANSITIONS IN HELIUM

1979 ◽  
Vol 40 (C7) ◽  
pp. C7-867-C7-868
Author(s):  
M. P. Brizhinev ◽  
S. V. Egorov ◽  
B. G. Eremin ◽  
A. V. Kostrov ◽  
A. D. Stepanushkin
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Turbulent Plasma ◽  
Forbidden Transitions

scholarly journals The Acceleration of Outer-Belt Electrons by Localized Electric Fields

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 477-482
Author(s):  
A. P. Kropotkin
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Relativistic Electrons ◽  
Strong Component ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Energetic Electrons ◽  
Geomagnetic Tail ◽  
Night Side ◽  
Bursty Bulk Flows

Abstract To explain the populations of the outer-belt energetic electrons, including relativistic electrons, that sporadically appear in the magnetosphere, a mechanism was proposed long ago for the acceleration of those electrons by short-term bursts of the electric field, which appear on the night side during substorm disturbances (Kropotkin, 1996). This mechanism can be substantially specified if the modern concepts of bursty bulk flows in the geomagnetic tail, the occurrence of dipolarization fronts, and the excitation of localized field-aligned-resonant poloidal Alfvén oscillations involving a strong component of the electric field in the dawn-dusk direction are taken into account.

scholarly journals Very High-Energy Emission from the Direct Vicinity of Rapidly Rotating Black Holes

Galaxies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kouichi Hirotani
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Black Holes ◽  
Black Hole ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Accretion Rate ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Relativistic Electrons ◽  
Field Lines ◽  
The Magnetic Field

When a black hole accretes plasmas at very low accretion rate, an advection-dominated accretion flow (ADAF) is formed. In an ADAF, relativistic electrons emit soft gamma-rays via Bremsstrahlung. Some MeV photons collide with each other to materialize as electron-positron pairs in the magnetosphere. Such pairs efficiently screen the electric field along the magnetic field lines, when the accretion rate is typically greater than 0.03–0.3% of the Eddington rate. However, when the accretion rate becomes smaller than this value, the number density of the created pairs becomes less than the rotationally induced Goldreich–Julian density. In such a charge-starved magnetosphere, an electric field arises along the magnetic field lines to accelerate charged leptons into ultra-relativistic energies, leading to an efficient TeV emission via an inverse-Compton (IC) process, spending a portion of the extracted hole’s rotational energy. In this review, we summarize the stationary lepton accelerator models in black hole magnetospheres. We apply the model to super-massive black holes and demonstrate that nearby low-luminosity active galactic nuclei are capable of emitting detectable gamma-rays between 0.1 and 30 TeV with the Cherenkov Telescope Array.

Relativistic electron acceleration at Saturn and Jupiter by global scale electric fields

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elias Roussos ◽  
Yixin Hao ◽  
Yixin Sun ◽  
Ying Liu ◽  
Peter Kollmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Energy Range ◽  
Electron Acceleration ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Radiation Belts ◽  
Relativistic Electrons ◽  
Convection Pattern ◽  
Energy Bands ◽  
Magnetospheric Convection ◽  
Rapid Injection

<p>Electrons in Saturn's radiation belts are distributed along discrete energy bands, a feature often attributed to the energisation of charged particles following their rapid injection towards a planet's inner magnetosphere. However, the mechanism that could deliver electrons deep into Saturn's radiation belts remains elusive, as for instance, the efficiency of magnetospheric interchange injections drops rapidly for electrons above 100 keV and at low L-shells. Using Cassini measurements and simulations we demonstrate that the banding derives from slow radial plasma flows associated to a persistent convection pattern in Saturn's magnetosphere (noon to midnight electric field), making the need for rapid injections obsolete. This transport mode impacts electron acceleration throughout most the planet's radiation belts and at quasi and fully relativistic energies, suggesting that this global scale electric field is ultimately responsible for the bulk of the highest energy electrons near the planet. We also present evidence from Galileo and Juno that the influence of Jupiter's inner magnetospheric convection pattern on its radiation belts is fundamentally similar to Saturn's but affects its higher energy ultra-relativistic electrons. The comparison of the two radiation belts indicates there is an energy range above which there is a transition from interchange to global scale electric field driven electron acceleration. This transiroty energy range can be scaled by the two planets' magnetic moment and strength of corotation, allowing us to study these two systems in complement.</p>

Energy-Density Spectrum of the Electric Field in a Turbulent Plasma

1972 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 1813-1819 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. H. Kim ◽  
H. E. Wilhelm
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Turbulent Plasma ◽  
Density Spectrum

Comments on the paper ‘Self-similar state of a weakly turbulent plasma’

1982 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 189-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. E. Vekstein ◽  
D. D. Ryutov ◽  
R. Z. Sagdeev
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
External Electric Field ◽  
Collisionless Plasma ◽  
Turbulent Plasma ◽  
The Self ◽  
Similar Solution ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Self Similar Solution ◽  
Self Similar ◽  
The One

In a recent paper, Balescu (1980) criticizes the self-similar solution in the problem of anomalous plasma resistivity (Vekstein, Ryutov & Sagdeev 1970) and comes to the conclusion that this solution is not correct. The aim of this comment is to show why Balescu's arguments are erroneous.We consider here the simplest case of the one-dimensional collisionless plasma in the presence of an external electric field.

scholarly journals Novel aspects of direct laser acceleration of relativistic electrons

2015 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. V. Arefiev ◽  
A. P. L. Robinson ◽  
V. N. Khudik
Keyword(s):  
Laser Pulse ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Electron Energy ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Energy Gain ◽  
Relativistic Electrons ◽  
Extra Energy ◽  
Direct Laser ◽  
Laser Acceleration ◽  
The Impact

We examine the impact of several factors on electron acceleration by a laser pulse and the resulting electron energy gain. Specifically, we consider the role played by: (1) static longitudinal electric field, (2) static transverse electric field, (3) electron injection into the laser pulse, and (4) static longitudinal magnetic field. It is shown that all of these factors lead, under certain conditions, to a considerable electron energy gain from the laser pulse. In contrast with other mechanisms such as wakefield acceleration, the static electric fields in this case do not directly transfer substantial energy to the electron. Instead, they reduce the longitudinal dephasing between the electron and the laser beam, which then allows the electron to gain extra energy from the beam. The mechanisms discussed here are relevant to experiments with under-dense gas jets, as well as to experiments with solid-density targets involving an extended pre-plasma.

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