A scanning reflection X-ray microscope for magnetic imaging in the EUV range

The mechanical setup of a novel scanning reflection X-ray microscope is presented. It is based on zone plate optics optimized for reflection mode in the EUV spectral range. The microscope can operate at synchrotron radiation beamlines as well as at laboratory-based plasma light sources. In contrast to established X-ray transmission microscopes that use thin foil samples, the new microscope design presented here allows the investigation of any type of bulk materials. Importantly, this permits the investigation of magnetic materials by employing experimental techniques based on X-ray magnetic circular dichroism, X-ray linear magnetic dichroism or the transversal magneto-optical Kerr effect (T-MOKE). The reliable functionality of the new microscope design has been demonstrated by T-MOKE microscopy spectra of Fe/Cr-wedge/Fe trilayer samples. The spectra were recorded at various photon energies across the Fe 3p edge revealing the orientation of magnetic domains in the sample.

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Magnetic Properties of Cu doped ZnO: X-ray Magnetic Circular Dichroism and Magneto-Optical Kerr Effect

Journal of the Korean Physical Society ◽

10.3938/jkps.53.2062 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 53 (4) ◽

pp. 2062-2067

Author(s):

Jisang Hong

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Properties ◽

Circular Dichroism ◽

Kerr Effect ◽

Magnetic Circular Dichroism ◽

Optical Kerr Effect ◽

X Ray ◽

Doped Zno ◽

Magneto Optical Kerr Effect ◽

Circular Dichroïsm

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Soft X-RAY Magnetic Scattering Study of thin Films and Multilayers

MRS Proceedings ◽

10.1557/proc-231-27 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 231 ◽

Author(s):

C.-C. Kao ◽

E.D. Johnson ◽

J.B. Hastings ◽

D.P. Siddons ◽

C. Vettier

Keyword(s):

Kerr Effect ◽

Faraday Effect ◽

Magnetic Circular Dichroism ◽

Magnetic Scattering ◽

Optical Kerr Effect ◽

Scattering Process ◽

Resonant Enhancement ◽

X Ray ◽

Scattering Study ◽

Magneto Optical Kerr Effect

AbstractA brief discussion of the resonant magnetic scattering process is given. Results from recent studies of thin Fe films and Fe/Gd multilayers are used as examples to demonstrate the information can be obtained and the unique features of this technique: large resonant enhancement, sensitivity to magnitization, elemental specificity, and tunability of the penetration depth. Comparison is made with related techniques: magneto-optical Kerr effect, Faraday effect, and magnetic circular dichroism.

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A UHV MOKE magnetometer complementing XMCD-PEEM at the Elettra Synchrotron

Journal of Synchrotron Radiation ◽

10.1107/s1600577521002885 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 28 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Francesca Genuzio ◽

Tomasz Giela ◽

Matteo Lucian ◽

Tevfik Onur Menteş ◽

Carlo Alberto Brondin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Kerr Effect ◽

Magnetic Circular Dichroism ◽

X Ray ◽

Photoelastic Modulator ◽

X Ray Imaging ◽

Manipulation System ◽

Magneto Optical Kerr Effect ◽

Imaging And Spectroscopy ◽

Photoemission Electron

We report on a custom-built UHV-compatible Magneto-Optical Kerr Effect (MOKE) magnetometer for applications in surface and materials sciences, operating in tandem with the PhotoEmission Electron Microscope (PEEM) endstation at the Nanospectroscopy beamline of the Elettra synchrotron. The magnetometer features a liquid-nitrogen-cooled electromagnet that is fully compatible with UHV operation and produces magnetic fields up to about 140 mT at the sample. Longitudinal and polar MOKE measurement geometries are realized. The magneto-optical detection is based on polarization analysis using a photoelastic modulator. The sample manipulation system is fully compatible with that of the PEEM, making it possible to exchange samples with the beamline endstation, where complementary X-ray imaging and spectroscopy techniques are available. The magnetometer performance is illustrated by experiments on cobalt ultra-thin films, demonstrating close to monolayer sensitivity. The advantages of combining in situ growth, X-ray Magnetic Circular Dichroism imaging (XMCD-PEEM) and MOKE magnetometry into a versatile multitechnique facility are highlighted.

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X-ray Magnetic Circular Dichroism and Magneto-optical Kerr Effect Studies of Spin Reorientation Transitions in Magnetic Ultrathin Films

Hyomen Kagaku ◽

10.1380/jsssj.27.272 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 27 (5) ◽

pp. 272-277

Author(s):

Takeshi NAKAGAWA ◽

Toshihiko YOKOYAMA

Keyword(s):

Circular Dichroism ◽

Ultrathin Films ◽

Kerr Effect ◽

Magnetic Circular Dichroism ◽

Spin Reorientation ◽

Optical Kerr Effect ◽

X Ray ◽

Magneto Optical Kerr Effect ◽

Circular Dichroïsm

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Thickness dependence and magnetocrystalline anisotropy of the x-ray transverse magneto-optical Kerr effect at theCo2pedges of ultrathin Co films on W(110)

Physical Review B ◽

10.1103/physrevb.72.144404 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 72 (14) ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

A. Kleibert ◽

V. Senz ◽

J. Bansmann ◽

P. M. Oppeneer

Keyword(s):

Kerr Effect ◽

Magnetocrystalline Anisotropy ◽

Thickness Dependence ◽

Optical Kerr Effect ◽

X Ray ◽

Magneto Optical Kerr Effect

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X-Ray Magnetic Dichroism in the Cobalt-Doped Indium Tin Oxide from First Principle Calculations

Journal of Solid State Physics ◽

10.1155/2013/213594 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

V. N. Antonov ◽

L. V. Bekenov ◽

L. P. Germash ◽

N. A. Plotnikov

Keyword(s):

Tin Oxide ◽

Indium Tin Oxide ◽

First Principles ◽

Diluted Magnetic Semiconductors ◽

Magnetic Semiconductors ◽

Magnetic Circular Dichroism ◽

X Ray ◽

Magnetic Dichroism ◽

Diluted Magnetic ◽

X Ray Absorption

The electronic structure of the Co-doped indium tin oxide (ITO) diluted magnetic semiconductors (DMSs) were investigated theoretically from first principles, using the fully relativistic Dirac linear muffin-tin orbital band structure method. The X-ray absorption spectra (XAS) and X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) spectra at the Co L3, In M2, Sn M2, and O K edges were investigated theoretically from first principles. The origin of the XMCD spectra in these compounds was examined. The calculated results are compared with available experimental data.

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Imaging of magnetic domains with the X-ray microscope at BESSY using X-ray magnetic circular dichroism

Zeitschrift für Physik B Condensed Matter ◽

10.1007/s002570050214 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 101 (3) ◽

pp. 313-316 ◽

Cited By ~ 88

Author(s):

P. Fischer ◽

G. Schütz ◽

G. Schmahl ◽

P. Guttmann ◽

D. Raasch

Keyword(s):

Circular Dichroism ◽

Magnetic Circular Dichroism ◽

Magnetic Domains ◽

X Ray ◽

Circular Dichroïsm

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3D reconstruction of magnetization from dichroic soft X-ray transmission tomography

Journal of Synchrotron Radiation ◽

10.1107/s1600577518005829 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 25 (4) ◽

pp. 1144-1152 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Aurelio Hierro-Rodriguez ◽

Doga Gürsoy ◽

Charudatta Phatak ◽

Carlos Quirós ◽

Andrea Sorrentino ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vector Field ◽

Tomographic Reconstruction ◽

Linear Equations ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Magnetic Nanostructures ◽

Reconstruction Method ◽

Transmission Tomography ◽

X Ray ◽

Magnetic Imaging ◽

Magnetic Dichroism

The development of magnetic nanostructures for applications in spintronics requires methods capable of visualizing their magnetization. Soft X-ray magnetic imaging combined with circular magnetic dichroism allows nanostructures up to 100–300 nm in thickness to be probed with resolutions of 20–40 nm. Here a new iterative tomographic reconstruction method to extract the three-dimensional magnetization configuration from tomographic projections is presented. The vector field is reconstructed by using a modified algebraic reconstruction approach based on solving a set of linear equations in an iterative manner. The application of this method is illustrated with two examples (magnetic nano-disc and micro-square heterostructure) along with comparison of error in reconstructions, and convergence of the algorithm.

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