Including people with intellectual disabilities in the development of their own positive behaviour support plans

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
James Breeze
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Health Care Planning ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Proxy Respondent ◽  
People With Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Alternative And Augmentative Communication ◽  
Positive Behaviour Support

Purpose People with intellectual disabilities are not routinely involved in the assessment of their behaviours that challenge, as this is often completed by a proxy respondent and the health-care professional. This is contrary to guidance stating that everyone should be involved in the planning of their care. This paper aims to show how health-care professionals can support people with intellectual disabilities to engage in the assessment of their behaviours that challenge and the subsequent development of their own positive behaviour support (PBS) plans. Design/methodology/approach A non-systematic review of the existing literature on improving the engagement of people with learning disabilities in health-care planning, and specifically PBS planning, was undertaken. Appropriate papers were included in this paper. Findings There are several evidence-based methods to improve people’s engagement in the assessment of their own behaviours that challenge and then the development of their PBS plans. These methods are discussed in terms of their application to supporting people to communicate and involving them in the process of developing a valid and meaningful PBS plan. This is a relatively new focus within the literature, and further research should focus on increasing engagement in the process, as well as monitoring how co-production affects PBS outcomes. Originality/value This paper summarises some of the approaches used to support people with intellectual disabilities to engage in the assessment of their behaviours that challenge and the development of their own PBS plans. This should encourage health-care professionals to consider how to use alternative and augmentative communication strategies to facilitate co-production in their own clinical practice.

Commentary on “Including people with intellectual disabilities in the development of their own positive behaviour support plans”

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Lee ◽  
Kitty Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Augmentative And Alternative Communication ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Systems Approach ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Language Therapy ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Health And Social Care ◽  
People With Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Positive Behaviour Support

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to broaden the discussion on some of the barriers and solutions for co-production in positive behaviour support (PBS) planning as identified in the paper “Including people with intellectual disabilities in the development of their own Positive Behaviour Support Plans”. Design/methodology/approach Drawing on the literature associated with co-production in PBS planning, this commentary will reflect on the wider systems and culture needed to enable successful implementation of this way of working. Findings Co-production in PBS planning is recommended as part of best practice guidelines. However, there is limited research in the area of co-production with regards to PBS and use of augmentative and alternative communication methods. Collaboration among speech and language therapy and PBS practitioners is an important factor for co-production to achieve the best outcomes for people with learning disabilities who display behaviours of concern. Along with identifying a range of communication tools/strategies needed for PBS assessment/planning, it also requires a whole systems approach and culture shift to ensure the necessary foundations are in place. Originality/value Co-production in PBS planning remains an under practiced way of working. This commentary builds on the barriers and solutions identified for co-production and provides further insight into what might be needed to achieve this in health and social care settings.

Voice activity detection using optimal window overlapping especially over health-care infrastructure

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shilpa Sharma ◽  
Punam Rattan ◽  
Anurag Sharma ◽  
Mohammad Shabaz
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Voice Activity Detection ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Activity Detection ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Health Care Infrastructure ◽  
Voice Activity ◽  
Optimal Window

Purpose This paper aims to introduce recently an unregulated unsupervised algorithm focused on voice activity detection by data clustering maximum margin, i.e. support vector machine. The algorithm for clustering K-mean used to solve speech behaviour detection issues was later applied, the application, therefore, did not permit the identification of voice detection. This is critical in demands for speech recognition. Design/methodology/approach Here, the authors find a voice activity detection detector based on a report provided by a K-mean algorithm that permits sliding window detection of voice and noise. However, first, it needs an initial detection pause. The machine initialized by the algorithm will work on health-care infrastructure and provides a platform for health-care professionals to detect the clear voice of patients. Findings Timely usage discussion on many histories of NOISEX-92 var reveals the average non-speech and the average signal-to-noise ratios hit concentrations which are higher than modern voice activity detection. Originality/value Research work is original.

A systematic review of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) with people with intellectual disabilities: an unsafe gap in the literature

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chloe Crompton ◽  
Bethany Duncan ◽  
Graham Simpson-Adkins
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
World Health ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Adverse Childhood ◽  
People With Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
The Impact

Purpose This paper aims to systematically review the available evidence that explores adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) in people with intellectual disabilities (PwID). It is important to systematically review this literature as, to date, there is little known about the number of studies in this area, despite the World Health Organization declaring ACE prevention and support as a global public health priority. Design/methodology/approach Published studies were identified from electronic database searches. Key journals and reference lists were also hand searched. Findings Two studies met the inclusion criteria and the prevalence and frequency of ACEs experienced by participants of these studies analysed. Overall, due to the small number of studies meeting the inclusion criteria, it is difficult to establish any meaningful conclusions. Originality/value This appears to be the first systematic review to try and identify a research base looking at the prevalence of ACEs within a PwID population. Findings suggest that this is a highly neglected area of research, and the authors hope to have identified that further evidence is required to draw clearer conclusions about the impact of ACEs on PwID.

Commentary on “A family’s battle to understand ‘challenging behaviour’”

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-108
Author(s):  
Joann Kiernan
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Challenging Behaviour ◽  
Content Type ◽  
People With Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Individuals With Intellectual Disabilities

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide a commentary on issues raised in the paper “A family’s battle to understand ‘challenging behaviour’”. Design/methodology/approach Drawing on literature associated with issues identified in the paper this commentary will reflect on the evidence associated with providing specialist support to people with intellectual disabilities and challenging behaviour. Findings Families, individuals and services are unable to access timely and appropriate specialist support for individuals with intellectual disabilities and challenging behaviour. As individuals go on to develop behaviours associated with a lack of intervention their levels of vulnerability increase due to their exclusion from services and their local communities. Originality/value The commentary provides a discussion on the issues faced by individuals and their families in relation to intellectual disabilities and challenging behaviour.

Enhancing clinical practice: reducing health inequalities – reflections on a clinical education and training partnership

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 342-348
Author(s):  
Karina Marshall-Tate
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Health Inequalities ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Education And Training ◽  
Health Staff ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Knowledge And Skills ◽  
People With Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
And Training

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to outline a two-year project designed to reduce health inequalities and improve health outcomes of people with intellectual disabilities using health services in South London by raising awareness and increasing health staff confidence and capability. Design/methodology/approach The project was conducted in two stages. In stage 1, a mapping exercise was undertaken to establish existing intellectual disabilities education and training availability. In stage 2, a network of stakeholders was formed and education and training materials were developed and delivered. Findings A formal evaluation of the project is underway and this paper seeks to share information about the project. That said prima facie data appear to indicate that health staff who attended education and training events learned new knowledge and skills that they could implement in their practice, increasing confidence and capability. Research limitations/implications Health staff who attended the events appeared to have an interest in intellectual disabilities and wanted to increase their knowledge and skills base. This means that there is a significant group of health staff that the project was unable to reach or who may not know that they need to know about intellectual disabilities. The results of the project have not yet been formally analysed. Practical implications Work-based education and training events can have a positive impact on health staff capability and confidence, however, it would appear that only those who already have an interest in the field or recognise its value to their own practice attend such events. To truly capture all health staff intellectual disabilities needs to be visibly included in all health curricula. Originality/value This project has not focussed on one profession or one aspect of healthcare and has embraced the values of inter professional and inter agency learning; this has enabled health staff to learn from each other and think in a “joined up” way replicating the realities of providing healthcare to people with intellectual disabilities.

Preparation for safeguarding in UK pre-registration graduate nurse education

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 371-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie McGarry ◽  
Charley Baker ◽  
Claire Wilson ◽  
Anne Felton ◽  
Anirban Banerjee
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Student Evaluation ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Educational Support ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Graduate Nurse ◽  
Nursing Curricula ◽  
Adults And Children ◽  
The Uk

Purpose – It is now widely acknowledged that health care professionals on the front line of care delivery will often be among the first to whom patients or clients who have experienced abuse will present or disclose abuse in a clinical context. It is therefore of pivotal importance that all health care professionals, including nurses, are adequately prepared at the earliest opportunity to effectively respond to a disclosure of abuse or identify where abuse may be suspected. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – In order to address this contemporary challenge within health care the authors present a model, developed in the UK, for the embedding of safeguarding knowledge, skills and attitudes within undergraduate pre-registration nursing curricula. This model is integrative and focuses on the acquisition of knowledge and skills in the field of safeguarding vulnerable adults and children. Findings – Student evaluation to date has been extremely positive with the majority of student responses indicating that individuals felt that they had received the requisite level of educational support and knowledge to enable them to recognise concerns. However, it was also clear that students felt that the knowledge gained within the classroom setting needed to be effectively supported and translated in the practice setting. Practical implications – Safeguarding clearly forms a central part of professional accountability and responsibility. It is therefore pivotal that professionals receive the requisite education, skills and knowledge at the earliest opportunity. Originality/value – To the authors’ knowledge this initiative is novel in approach and as such has the potential to inform similar education programmes.

Football teams for people with intellectual disabilities living in the community: “it helps your self-esteem and that, don’t it?”

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 201-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rose White ◽  
Katherine Lister ◽  
Kristian Northend ◽  
Stephen Moore ◽  
Kelly Rayner
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Personal Growth ◽  
Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Training Programme ◽  
Social Emotional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
People With Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Football Training

Purpose People with intellectual disabilities (ID) can be vulnerable to developing mental health problems. It has been found that participating in regular exercise can help to improve emotional well-being, both in typically developing people and those with ID. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the experiences of community clients with ID who have engaged in a football training programme, and the perceived impacts on attitudes, mood and behaviour. Design/methodology/approach Interviews with seven patients from generic or forensic community ID services were conducted. The transcripts were analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis. Findings Two master themes were identified from the interviews, “Striving” and “Togetherness”. Originality/value The most important factors related to taking part in the football programme were the social, emotional and personal growth associated with being part of a team and general enjoyment of being part of something. Although aspects of football knowledge and physical fitness were still evident, their impact seemed to be less significant. The experience of football was overwhelmingly positive.

Prospective sensemaking of a national quality register in health care and elderly care

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 398-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annika Maria Margareta Nordin ◽  
Boel Andersson Gäre ◽  
Ann-Christine Andersson
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Elderly Care ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Sensemaking Theory ◽  
Quality Register ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Quality Aspects ◽  
National Quality ◽  
National Quality Register

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine how external change agents (ECAs) engaged to disseminate a national quality register (NQR) called Senior alert nationwide in the Swedish health care and elderly care sectors interpret their work. To study this, sensemaking theories are used. Design/methodology/approach This is a qualitative inductive interview study including eight ECAs. To analyze the data, a thematic analysis is carried out. Findings Well-disseminated NQRs support health care organizations’ possibility to work with quality improvement and to improve care for patient groups. NQRs function as artifacts that can influence how health care professionals make sense of their work. In this paper, a typology depicting how the ECAs make sense of their dissemination work has been developed. The ECAs are engaged in prospective sensemaking. They describe their work as being about creating future good results, both for patients and affiliated organizations, and they can balance different quality aspects. Originality/value The number of NQRs increased markedly in Sweden and elsewhere, but there are few reports on how health care professionals working with the registers interpret their work. The use of ECAs to disseminate NQRs is a novel approach. This paper describes how the ECAs are engaged in prospective sensemaking – an under-researched perspective of the sensemaking theory.

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