Assessing road pricing effects on a multimodal network based on macroscopic fundamental diagram hysteresis

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amr M. Wahaballa ◽  
Seham Hemdan ◽  
Fumitaka Kurauchi
Keyword(s):  
Network Performance ◽  
Transportation Network ◽  
Hysteresis Loops ◽  
Road Pricing ◽  
Urban Traffic ◽  
Fundamental Diagram ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Macroscopic Fundamental Diagram ◽  
Travel Time Savings ◽  
Multimodal Network

Purpose Road pricing is an efficient strategy for managing urban traffic to relieve congestion. The macroscopic fundamental diagram (MFD), which relates the average network density and flow, is a simple tool for assessing road pricing effects on transportation network performance. However, recent research indicates that it may have complexity (an MFD hysteresis loop), especially for city-scale networks. Although ignoring MFD hysteresis may provide inaccurate results, pricing models that consider this hysteresis are scarce. This paper aims to assess road pricing effects on network performance considering MFD hysteresis characteristics. Design/methodology/approach This paper evaluated different pricing strategies spatially and temporally and compared network performance based on MFD shape in the presence of MFD hysteresis loops. These strategies were developed on a multimodal (cars and buses) network using a multi-agent transport simulation (MATSim). Findings This study found that pricing some links for a short duration with an optimum charge calculated based on the MFD provides higher travel time savings than the previous relevant studies. Originality/value These findings may facilitate assessing road pricing effects on multimodal network performance considering MFD hysteresis.

scholarly journals Feedback Gating Control for Network Based on Macroscopic Fundamental Diagram

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
YangBeibei Ji ◽  
Chao Mo ◽  
Wanjing Ma ◽  
Dabin Liao
Keyword(s):  
Control Policy ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
Control Model ◽  
Urban Traffic ◽  
Network Congestion ◽  
Mean Flow ◽  
Fundamental Diagram ◽  
Macroscopic Fundamental Diagram ◽  
External Demand ◽  
Demand And Capacity

Empirical data from Yokohama, Japan, showed that a macroscopic fundamental diagram (MFD) of urban traffic provides for different network regions a unimodal low-scatter relationship between network vehicle density and network space-mean flow. This provides new tools for network congestion control. Based on MFD, this paper proposed a feedback gating control policy which can be used to mitigate network congestion by adjusting signal timings of gating intersections. The objective of the feedback gating control model is to maximize the outflow and distribute the allowed inflows properly according to external demand and capacity of each gating intersection. An example network is used to test the performance of proposed feedback gating control model. Two types of background signalization types for the intersections within the test network, fixed-time and actuated control, are considered. The results of extensive simulation validate that the proposed feedback gating control model can get a Pareto improvement since the performance of both gating intersections and the whole network can be improved significantly especially under heavy demand situations. The inflows and outflows can be improved to a higher level, and the delay and queue length at all gating intersections are decreased dramatically.

scholarly journals Macroscopic Traffic Dynamics in Urban Networks during Incidents

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sasan Amini ◽  
Gabriel Tilg ◽  
Fritz Busch
Keyword(s):  
Hysteresis Loop ◽  
Network Performance ◽  
Route Choice ◽  
Urban Traffic ◽  
Incident Management ◽  
Fundamental Diagram ◽  
Traffic Dynamics ◽  
Urban Networks ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Traffic Incident Management

The degradation of road network performance due to incidents is a major concern to traffic operators. The development of urban traffic incident management systems requires a comprehensive understanding of traffic dynamics during incidents. Recently, the concept of the macroscopic fundamental diagram (MFD) contributed to such an understanding and has been used in a wide range of applications. However, the MFD is merely reproducible under recurring traffic patterns. Motivated by a few studies which argue the existence of the MFD with a clockwise hysteresis loop during incidents, we tackle this limitation of the MFD and propose a framework to study the characteristics of the MFD under non-recurring congestion. More specifically, we introduce a criticality score (CS) which represents network redundancy and postulate that links with a higher level of CS impose a larger hysteresis loop on the MFD. We design an experiment in a microscopic traffic simulation to study the relation of closed links and the resulting MFDs. The results confirm our postulation and we observe that links with similar CS have a comparable impact on the shape of the MFD. The main contribution of this paper is the possibility to develop a framework for incident detection in urban networks under limited sensor coverage. However, the findings of the study may strongly rely on the assumptions, for instance, the network structure, the OD pairs, and drivers route choice during incidents. Thus, future studies are required to study other network topologies as well as more realistic driver route choice during incidents.

scholarly journals An Influence Analytical Model of Dedicated Bus Lane on Network Traffic by Macroscopic Fundamental Diagram

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Yingying Ma ◽  
Yuanqi Xie ◽  
Yongjie Lin
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Model ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Network Performance ◽  
Fundamental Diagram ◽  
The Road ◽  
Macroscopic Fundamental Diagram ◽  
Continuous Output ◽  
Bus Lane ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Smooth State

To study the influence mechanism of dedicated bus lanes on the urban road network, this paper proposes a novel analytical model of macroscopic fundamental diagram (MFD) and passenger macroscopic fundamental diagram (p-MFD) and the corresponding indicators based on MFD and p-MFD to evaluate the operation of the network. Taking the grid network as an example, this paper collects traffic flow to calibrate the developed MFD and p-MFD and evaluates the network performance under different proportions of dedicated bus lanes. The simulation results show that the larger the proportion of dedicated bus lanes, the greater the impact on the rising section and the stable section of MFD and the descending section and post-stable section of p-MFD. Further analysis for the sensitivity of simulation experiments found that the strategy of setting dedicated bus lanes will improve the efficiency of vehicle and passenger transport when the road network is in a smooth state and ensure the continuous output of passengers when the network is in a congested state.

scholarly journals Macroscopic Traffic Dynamics in Urban Networks during Incidents

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sasan Amini ◽  
Gabriel Tilg ◽  
Fritz Busch
Keyword(s):  
Hysteresis Loop ◽  
Network Performance ◽  
Route Choice ◽  
Urban Traffic ◽  
Incident Management ◽  
Fundamental Diagram ◽  
Traffic Dynamics ◽  
Urban Networks ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Traffic Incident Management

The degradation of road network performance due to incidents is a major concern to traffic operators. The development of urban traffic incident management systems requires a comprehensive understanding of traffic dynamics during incidents. Recently, the concept of the macroscopic fundamental diagram (MFD) contributed to such an understanding and has been used in a wide range of applications. However, the MFD is merely reproducible under recurring traffic patterns. Motivated by a few studies which argue the existence of the MFD with a clockwise hysteresis loop during incidents, we tackle this limitation of the MFD and propose a framework to study the characteristics of the MFD under non-recurring congestion. More specifically, we introduce a criticality score (CS) which represents network redundancy and postulate that links with a higher level of CS impose a larger hysteresis loop on the MFD. We design an experiment in a microscopic traffic simulation to study the relation of closed links and the resulting MFDs. The results confirm our postulation and we observe that links with similar CS have a comparable impact on the shape of the MFD. The main contribution of this paper is the possibility to develop a framework for incident detection in urban networks under limited sensor coverage. However, the findings of the study may strongly rely on the assumptions, for instance, the network structure, the OD pairs, and drivers route choice during incidents. Thus, future studies are required to study other network topologies as well as more realistic driver route choice during incidents.

Macroscopic fundamental diagram in simple model of urban traffic

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoki Yoshioka ◽  
Takashi Shimada ◽  
Nobuyasu Ito
Keyword(s):  
Simple Model ◽  
Urban Traffic ◽  
Fundamental Diagram ◽  
Macroscopic Fundamental Diagram
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