Software Change in the Solo Iterative Process: An Experience Report

Bayesian Applications in Auditory Research

Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research ◽

10.1044/2018_jslhr-h-astm-18-0228 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 62 (3) ◽

pp. 577-586 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Garnett P. McMillan ◽

John B. Cannon

Keyword(s):

Monte Carlo ◽

Markov Chain ◽

Bayesian Methods ◽

Prior Distribution ◽

Interim Analysis ◽

Iterative Process ◽

Bayes Theorem ◽

Sound Therapy ◽

The Many ◽

Auditory Research

Purpose This article presents a basic exploration of Bayesian inference to inform researchers unfamiliar to this type of analysis of the many advantages this readily available approach provides. Method First, we demonstrate the development of Bayes' theorem, the cornerstone of Bayesian statistics, into an iterative process of updating priors. Working with a few assumptions, including normalcy and conjugacy of prior distribution, we express how one would calculate the posterior distribution using the prior distribution and the likelihood of the parameter. Next, we move to an example in auditory research by considering the effect of sound therapy for reducing the perceived loudness of tinnitus. In this case, as well as most real-world settings, we turn to Markov chain simulations because the assumptions allowing for easy calculations no longer hold. Using Markov chain Monte Carlo methods, we can illustrate several analysis solutions given by a straightforward Bayesian approach. Conclusion Bayesian methods are widely applicable and can help scientists overcome analysis problems, including how to include existing information, run interim analysis, achieve consensus through measurement, and, most importantly, interpret results correctly. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.7822592

Download Full-text

Identifying changes in trends in the age standardized incidence of melanoma in Australia

SKIN The Journal of Cutaneous Medicine ◽

10.25251/skin.3.4.3 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (4) ◽

pp. 250-252 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

David M Hille

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Linear Regression ◽

Iterative Process ◽

Linear Trend ◽

Piecewise Linear ◽

Health Issue ◽

Public Health Issue ◽

Piecewise Linear Regression ◽

Significant Public Health ◽

Males And Females

ObjectiveTo identify changes in the linear trend of the age-standardized incidence of melanoma in Australia for all persons, males, and females. MethodsA two-piece piecewise linear regression was fitted to the data. The piecewise breakpoint varied through an iterative process to determine the model that best fits the data.ResultsStatistically significant changes in the trendof the age-standardized incidence of melanoma in Australia were found for all persons, males, and females. The optimal breakpoint for all persons and males was at 1998. For females, the optimal breakpoint was at 2005. The trend after these breakpoints was flatter than prior to the breakpoints, but still positive.ConclusionMelanoma is a significant public health issue in Australia. Overall incidence continues to increase. However, the rate at which the incidence is increasing appears to be decreasing.

Download Full-text

DESIGN APPROACH TO REHABILITATION: DEVELOPING THERAPY ASSISTIVE PRODUCTS FOR CHILDREN WITH HEMIPLEGIC CEREBRAL PALSY

International Journal of Architectural Research Archnet-IJAR ◽

10.26687/archnet-ijar.v12i2.1528 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 307

Author(s):

G.Y.A. Shanya I. Perera ◽

W.M.N. Dilshani Ranasinghe

Keyword(s):

Cerebral Palsy ◽

Functional Outcomes ◽

Iterative Process ◽

Participatory Design ◽

Design Methodology ◽

Physical Disabilities ◽

Comprehensive Understanding ◽

Constructive Feedback ◽

Children With Disability ◽

Hemiplegic Cerebral Palsy

Therapy plays an important role in rehabilitation of children suffering from physical disabilities. Disability conditions like Hemiplegic Cerebral Palsy require vigorous therapy measures, which could be unappealing to children. Using therapy assistive products for rehabilitation can make therapy activities engaging and appealing to children and yield effective outcomes. However, there is limited availability of context based therapy assistive products, which are engaging, and appealing to children suffering from Hemiplegic Cerebral Palsy. This study explores how design methodology can be used to develop therapy assistive products for rehabilitation of children with disability. The study is based on developing a set of therapy assistive products to improve the hand-skills of children with Hemiplegic Cerebral Palsy. Developing therapy assistive products require comprehensive understanding of therapeutic aspects, design aspects and careful integration of the two disciplines. Hence, practicing multidisciplinary and participatory design approaches in the design process is imperative. Usability of therapy assistive products are highly impactive in nature, and therefore an iterative process of prototyping, testing, receiving constructive feedback and developing the products based on feedback should be adopted to achieve feasible and functional outcomes.

Download Full-text