Relationships between Changes of Three Organic Acids (Oxalic Acid, Citric Acid and Tartaric Acid) and Phytoextraction by Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) in Sand Cultures Contaminated with Cadmium and Lead

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhixin Niu ◽  
Lina Sun ◽  
Tieheng Sun
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Oxalic Acid ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Tartaric Acid ◽  
Helianthus Annuus L ◽  
Cadmium And Lead ◽  
Sand Cultures

scholarly journals Separation and Determination of Some Organic Acids in Dry Calyces of Iraqi Hibiscus Sabdariffa Linn

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 340-349
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Oxalic Acid ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Formic Acid ◽  
Succinic Acid ◽  
Tartaric Acid ◽  
Malic Acid ◽  
Limit Of Detection

A new reversed phase- high performance liquid chromatographic (RP-HPLC) method with Ultraviolet-Visible spectrophotometry has been optimized and validated for the simultaneous extraction and determination of organic acids present in Iraqi calyces of Hibiscus Sabdraffia Linn. The method is based on using ultrasonic bath for extracting organic acids. Limit of detection in µg/ml of Formic acid, Acetic acid, Oxalic acid, Citric acid, Succinic acid, Tartaric acid, and Malic acid 126.8498×10-6, 113.6005×10-6, 97.0513×10-6, 49.7925×10-6, 84.0753×10-6, 92.6551×10-6, and 106.1633×10-6 ,respectively. The concentration of organic acids found in dry spacemen of calyces of Iraqi Hibiscus Sabdraffia Linn. under study: Formic acid, Acetic acid, Oxalic acid, Citric acid, Succinic acid, Tartaric acid, and Malic acid are 114.896 µg/g, 64.722 µg/g, 342.508 µg/g, 126.902 µg/g, 449.91 µg/g, 268.52 µg/g, and 254.07 µg/g respectively.

scholarly journals The Contents of Organic Acids of Natural Vegetable and Fruit Fermentation Broth

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 761-761
Author(s):  
Miao Li ◽  
Kai Li ◽  
Hao Song
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Oxalic Acid ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Succinic Acid ◽  
Tartaric Acid ◽  
Fermentation Broth ◽  
Natural Fermentation ◽  
Vegetables And Fruits

Abstract Objectives The natural fermentation broth of vegetables and fruits is produced by anaerobic fermentation of vegetables and fruits, so as to form a fermentation beverage with complex components. Some components in the fermentation broth can promote digestion and absorption, alleviate constipation and beautify the face. Fruit and vegetable fermentation can be added into baking products to make natural yeast bread with good flavor and long shelf life. The fermentation broth has broad market application prospects. The contents of organic acids may play an important role in the flavor and nutrition of the natural fermentation broth of vegetables and fruits, which are still under researching. Methods HPLC (High Performance Liquid Chromatography) was used to detect the contents of several kinds of organic acids, such as acetic acid, lactic acid, oxalic acid, citric acid, succinic acid, tartaric acid. Results The contents of acetic acid, lactic acid, oxalic acid, citric acid, succinic acid, tartaric acid in compound natural fermentation broth (grapefruit + apple + lemon) was 5.650 mg/mL, 0.171 mg/mL, 0.013 mg/mL, 0.213 mg/mL, 0.763 mg/mL, 0.628 mg/mL. Conclusions The contents of organic acids were significantly different among different natural fermentation liquors of vegetables and fruits due to different raw materials, formulations and fermentation time. Funding Sources Beijing Yiqing Holding Co., Ltd.

Fates of ethanol produced during flooding of sunflower roots

1990 ◽  
Vol 68 (11) ◽  
pp. 2408-2414 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. U. Jayasekera ◽  
D. M. Reid ◽  
E. C. Yeung
Keyword(s):  
Organic Acids ◽  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Ethanol Metabolism ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Flooding Stress ◽  
Helianthus Annuus L ◽  
Initial Rise ◽  
Adh Activity ◽  
Organic Acids And Sugars ◽  
Ethanol Synthesis

Hypoxic flooding of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L. cv. Delgren 131) roots caused rapid promotion of ethanol synthesis. Some of the root-synthesized ethanol was retained while a major portion was leaked into the flooding medium. A portion of the root ethanol was transported to shoots via transpirational stream, where some of it was vented out to the air around the leaves. Sunflower roots and shoots have the capacity to utilize ethanol retained by incorporating the carbon from ethanol into lipids, amino and organic acids, and sugars. Removal of ethanol from tissues by leaking, by venting, and by metabolic reutilization may be useful mechanisms that sunflowers use to avoid ethanol accumulation. Shoots of flooded sunflower plants, which are of course important as sources of oxygen and carbohydrates for roots, also act as a sink for root ethanol. More ethanol metabolism may be taking place in shoots than in roots. Prolonged flooding stress caused a rapid and steady increase in ADH activity in roots, but ethanol levels showed a decline after an initial rise. ADH in flooded roots may be useful in the regeneration of NAD, thus ensuring continuation of glycolysis.

scholarly journals BX795-Organic Acid Coevaporates: Evaluation of Solid-State Characteristics, In Vitro Cytocompatibility and In Vitro Activity against HSV-1 and HSV-2

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 1920
Author(s):  
Yogesh Sutar ◽  
Tejabhiram Yadavalli ◽  
Sagar Kumar Paul ◽  
Sudipta Mallick ◽  
Raghuram Koganti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Antiviral Activity ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Organic Acid ◽  
Tartaric Acid ◽  
Fumaric Acid ◽  
Amorphous Systems ◽  
Amorphous System ◽  
Hsv 1

BX795 is a TANK binding kinase-1 inhibitor that has shown excellent therapeutic activity in murine models of genital and ocular herpes infections on topical delivery. Currently, only the BX795 free base and its hydrochloride salt are available commercially. Here, we evaluate the ability of various organic acids suitable for vaginal and/or ocular delivery to form BX795 salts/cocrystals/co-amorphous systems with the aim of facilitating pharmaceutical development of BX795. We characterized BX795-organic acid coevaporates using powder X-ray diffractometry, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Raman spectroscopy, 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) to elucidate the interaction between BX795 and various organic acids such as taurine, maleic acid, fumaric acid, tartaric acid, and citric acid. Furthermore, using human corneal epithelial cells and HeLa cells, we evaluated BX795-organic acid coevaporates for in vitro cytocompatibility and in vitro antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus-type 1 (HSV-1) and type-2 (HSV-2). Our studies indicate that BX795 forms co-amorphous systems with tartaric acid and citric acid. Interestingly, the association of organic acids with BX795 improved its thermal stability. Our in vitro cytocompatibility and in vitro antiviral studies to screen suitable BX795-organic acid coevaporates for further development show that all BX795-organic acid systems, at a concentration equivalent to 10 µM BX795, retained antiviral activity against HSV-1 and HSV-2 but showed differential cytocompatibility. Further, dose-dependent in vitro cytocompatibility and antiviral activity studies on the BX795-fumaric acid system, BX795-tartaric acid co-amorphous system, and BX795-citric acid co-amorphous system show similar antiviral activity against HSV-1 and HSV-2 compared to BX795, whereas only the BX795-citric acid co-amorphous system showed higher in vitro cytocompatibility compared to BX795.

Inhibition or Inactivation of Listeria monocytogenes by Sodium Benzoate together with some Organic Acids

1989 ◽  
Vol 52 (11) ◽  
pp. 771-776 ◽  
Author(s):  
MOUSTAFA A. EL-SHENAWY ◽  
ELMER H. MARTH
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Tartaric Acid ◽  
Sodium Benzoate ◽  
Test Conditions ◽  
Slight Growth

Tests were done to determine the fate of Listeria monocytogenes at 13 or 35°C in Tryptose Broth (TB) with and without the pH adjusted to 5.6 or 5.0 using acetic, tartaric, lactic, or citric acid and containing 0.00, 0.05, 0.15, or 0.3% sodium benzoate. The bacterium grew in all controls (free of benzoate) under all conditions except only slight growth was detected at 13°C when the pH was adjusted to 5.0 using acetic or tartaric acid. When TB was acidified with acetic or tartaric acid and incubated at 35°C, the bacterium was inactivated or inhibited under all conditions except growth occurred at pH 5.6 with 0.05 or 0.15% sodium benzoate and at pH 5.0 with 0.05% benzoate. Incubation at 13°C with the same acids in TB was accompanied by inactivation or inhibition of the bacterium at all test conditions except in the presence of 0.05% sodium benzoate and pH 5.6 obtained by added acetic acid, and in the presence of 0.05 or 0.15% benzoate when tartaric acid was used to adjust the pH to 5.6. Acidifying TB with lactic or citric acid and incubating at 35°C resulted in growth at pH 5.0 and 5.6 regardless of concentration of benzoate except 0.3% which caused inhibition or inactivation at pH 5.6 or 5.0, respectively. Incubation at 13°C with the same acids in TB resulted in inactivation or inhibition of L. monocytogenes, except growth occurred at pH 5.6 when the medium contained 0.05 or 0.15% benzoate. Slight growth was observed in the presence of 0.05% benzoate at pH 5.0 when the medium was acidified by lactic or acetic acid.

Characteristics of Cadmium and Lead Phytoextraction by Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) in Sand Culture

2011 ◽  
Vol 183-185 ◽  
pp. 1496-1504
Author(s):  
Zhi Xin Niu ◽  
Li Na Sun ◽  
Tie Heng Sun
Keyword(s):  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Root Exudates ◽  
Root Biomass ◽  
Sand Culture ◽  
Bioconcentration Factors ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Cadmium And Lead ◽  
Translocation Factors ◽  
Sand Cultures

Higher biomass producing crops such as sunflower have already been considered as a hyperaccumulating candidate. In the present study, Cd and Pb accumulation by sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.), biomass and root exudates changes in sand cultures was analyzed during 90 days. Results demonstrated that ratios of aerial biomass/ root biomass (AW/RW) in Cd or Pb treatments declined with concentrations of Cd or Pb. Optical density (OD) of root exudates at 190 nm and 280 nm observed in Cd and Pb treatments were lower than the control. In single Cd or Pb treatments, bioconcentration factors (BCF) of Cd or Pb increased with time and decreased with concentrations, the highest Cd-BCF and Pb-BCF appeared in Cd5 (21) and Pb50 (7.95), respectively. Cd-BCF or Pb-BCF showed positive correlations with AW/RW ratios and OD values, and they were negative correlated with Cd and Pb concentrations. In the complex of Cd and Pb treatments, the highest values of BCFs were observed in Cd10+Pb100. Cd-BCF values negatively correlated with AW/RW ratios and Cd concentrations; besides, Pb-BCFs were negative with both Cd and Pb concentrations. Translocation factors (TF) fluctuated irregularly with time and concentration of metals in most treatments. Cd-TF values in single Cd treatments were positive correlated with concentrations of Cd. In the complex of Cd and Pb treatments, Cd-TF showed positive correlations with OD at 280 nm, but negative with Pb concentration. Results in this paper may supply useful information for phytoremediation of soil contaminated with cadmium and lead in situ.

Effects and Mechanism of Organic Acids on Aluminum Availability of Dark Brown Forest Soil

2011 ◽  
Vol 393-395 ◽  
pp. 709-712 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fu Xing Cui ◽  
Jin Feng Song ◽  
Ya Fen Guo ◽  
Jin Zhong Xu
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Oxalic Acid ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Organic Acid ◽  
Forest Soil ◽  
Dissociation Constants ◽  
Organic Salt ◽  
Brown Forest Soil ◽  
Organic Salts ◽  
Complexation Reactions

The effects and mechanism of different concentration organic acids and organic salts solution on Al availability of dark brown forest soil were studied. It was resulted that, oxalic acid/oxalate and citric acid/citrate substantially stimulated soil Al release of dark brown forest soil. The effect of organic acids/salts on Al release would be strengthen with increasing of their concentrations.The contents of Al released from A1 horizon was higher than that from B horizon. Organic salt solutions had much higher effects than organic acid the same in concentration, i.e. citrate>citric acid, oxalate>oxalic acid. Therefore, the mechanism of organic acid/salts triggering release of soil Al was assumed to be dominated by complexation reactions of organic anions. Citric acid/ citrate had much higher effect than oxalic acid/ oxalate at same concentration to A1 and B horizons, i.e. citrate> oxalate, citric acid>oxalic acid, which was primarily related with the greater complexing capacities and dissociation constants of citric acid.

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