Multi- Touch Touch Screens on the Flight Deck: The Impact of Display Location, Display Inclination Angle and Gesture Type on Pilot Performance

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia Dodd ◽  
Jeff Lancaster ◽  
Bob DeMers ◽  
Steven Boswell
Keyword(s):  
Inclination Angle ◽  
Pilot Performance ◽  
Touch Screens ◽  
Display Location ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Flight Deck

Asiana Airlines Flight 214

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Chow ◽  
Stephen Yortsos ◽  
Najmedin Meshkati
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Aviation Safety ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Cultural Issues ◽  
Flight Crew ◽  
Pilot Performance ◽  
Engineering Designs ◽  
Flight Deck

This article focuses on a major human factors–related issue that includes the undeniable role of cultural factors and cockpit automation and their serious impact on flight crew performance, communication, and aviation safety. The report concentrates on the flight crew performance of the Boeing 777–Asiana Airlines Flight 214 accident, by exploring issues concerning mode confusion and autothrottle systems. It also further reviews the vital role of cultural factors in aviation safety and provides a brief overview of past, related accidents. Automation progressions have been created in an attempt to design an error-free flight deck. However, to do that, the pilot must still thoroughly understand every component of the flight deck – most importantly, the automation. Otherwise, if pilots are not completely competent in terms of their automation, the slightest errors can lead to fatal accidents. As seen in the case of Asiana Flight 214, even though engineering designs and pilot training have greatly evolved over the years, there are many cultural, design, and communication factors that affect pilot performance. It is concluded that aviation systems designers, in cooperation with pilots and regulatory bodies, should lead the strategic effort of systematically addressing the serious issues of cockpit automation, human factors, and cultural issues, including their interactions, which will certainly lead to better solutions for safer flights.

Natural Convection Heat Transfer in a Partially Open Square Cavity With a Thin Fin Attached to the Hot Wall

2008 ◽  
Vol 130 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullatif Ben-Nakhi ◽  
M. M. Eftekhari ◽  
D. I. Loveday
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Nusselt Number ◽  
Rayleigh Number ◽  
Inclination Angle ◽  
Computational Study ◽  
Vertical Wall ◽  
Temperature Fields ◽  
Arbitrary Length ◽  
Flow Modification ◽  
The Impact

A computational study of steady, laminar, natural convective fluid flow in a partially open square enclosure with a highly conductive thin fin of arbitrary length attached to the hot wall at various levels is considered. The horizontal walls and the partially open vertical wall are adiabatic while the vertical wall facing the partial opening is isothermally hot. The current work investigates the flow modification due to the (a) attachment of a highly conductive thin fin of length equal to 20%, 35%, or 50% of the enclosure width, attached to the hot wall at different heights, and (b) variation of the size and height of the aperture located on the vertical wall facing the hot wall. Furthermore, the study examines the impact of Rayleigh number (104⩽Ra⩽107) and inclination of the enclosure. The problem is put into dimensionless formulation and solved numerically by means of the finite-volume method. The results show that the presence of the fin has counteracting effects on flow and temperature fields. These effects are dependent, in a complex way, on the fin level and length, aperture altitude and size, cavity inclination angle, and Rayleigh number. In general, Nusselt number is directly related to aperture altitude and size. However, after reaching a peak Nusselt number, Nusselt number may decrease slightly if the aperture’s size increases further. The impact of aperture altitude diminishes for large aperture sizes because the geometrical differences decrease. Furthermore, a longer fin causes higher rate of heat transfer to the fluid, although the equivalent finless cavity may have higher heat transfer rate. In general, the volumetric flow rate and the rate of heat loss from the hot surfaces are interrelated and are increasing functions of Rayleigh number. The relationship between Nusselt number and the inclination angle is nonlinear.

Touch Screens on the Flight Deck

2014 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia Dodd ◽  
Jeff Lancaster ◽  
Andrew Miranda ◽  
Steve Grothe ◽  
Bob DeMers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Touch Screens ◽  
Flight Deck

Impact of Visual Scene Field of View on F-16 Pilot Performance

2007 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamie L. Estock ◽  
Amy L. Alexander ◽  
Emily M. Stelzer ◽  
Kathryn Baughman
Keyword(s):  
Air Force ◽  
Visual Scene ◽  
Field Of View ◽  
High Fidelity ◽  
Pilot Performance ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Air Combat ◽  
Standard Training ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Integrated Team

The tremendous expense and inherent dangers of training in the aircraft have led to the increased use of simulators for practicing and maintaining air combat skills; However, the advantages and disadvantages of using high or low-fidelity simulators for such training must be specified. An experiment was conducted to examine the in-simulator performance differences between pilots flying lower-fidelity simulators compared to higher-fidelity simulators. The primary difference between the two simulators is the visual scene field-of-view. Sixteen U.S. Air Force F-16 pilots flew standard training missions as an integrated team of four (a “four-ship”) with two pilots flying in the high-fidelity simulators and two pilots flying in the lower-fidelity simulators. Various subjective and objective measures were collected to assess the pilots' ability to maintain a briefed formation. Overall, the results suggest that pilots who practice four-ship employment in the lower-fidelity simulators can perform at the same level as those who practice in the high-fidelity simulators. Future analyses should be conducted to examine the impact of simulator fidelity on other air combat skills and on training effectiveness.

scholarly journals Mild Normobaric Hypoxia Exposure for Human-Autonomy System Testing

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 1146-1150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chad L. Stephens ◽  
Kellie D. Kennedy ◽  
Brenda L. Crook ◽  
Ralph A. Williams ◽  
Paul Schutte
Keyword(s):  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Autonomous Systems ◽  
Test Subject ◽  
Flight Simulation ◽  
Normobaric Hypoxia ◽  
Pilot Performance ◽  
Subjective Data ◽  
Hypoxia Exposure ◽  
Human Autonomy ◽  
The Impact

An experiment investigated the impact of normobaric hypoxia induction on aircraft pilot performance to specifically evaluate the use of hypoxia as a method to induce mild cognitive impairment to explore human-autonomous systems integration opportunities. Results of this exploratory study show that the effect of 15,000 feet simulated altitude did not induce cognitive deficits as indicated by performance on written, computer-based, or simulated flight tasks. However, the subjective data demonstrated increased effort by the human test subject pilots to maintain equivalent performance in a flight simulation task. This study represents current research intended to add to the current knowledge of performance decrement and pilot workload assessment to improve automation support and increase aviation safety.

scholarly journals Understanding Variance in Pilot Performance Ratings

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy J. Mavin ◽  
Wolff-Michael Roth ◽  
Sidney Dekker
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
Performance Ratings ◽  
Scale Analysis ◽  
Rate Performance ◽  
Performance Study ◽  
Pilot Performance ◽  
Airline Pilots ◽  
Think Aloud Protocol ◽  
Point Rating Scale ◽  
Flight Deck

Two studies were designed to investigate how pilots of different rank evaluate flight-deck performance. In each study, the pilots were asked to assess sets of three different videotaped scenarios featuring pilots in a simulator exhibiting poor, average, and good performance. Study 1, which included 92 airline pilots of differing rank, was aimed at comparing how individuals rate performance. The subjects used a standardized assessment form, which included six criteria, each having a 5-point rating scale. Analysis of the first study revealed that there was considerable variance in the performance ratings between flight examiners, captains, and first officers. The second study was designed to better understand the variance. Eighteen pilots (six flight examiners, six captains, and six first officers) working in pairs evaluated performances, in a modified think-aloud protocol. The results showed that there were good reasons for the observed variances. The results are discussed in relation to inter-rater reliability.

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