The fault-tolerant framework of large-scale disasters based on continuity management: A case of power network infrastructure

Plummeting reserves and increasing demand of freshwater resources have culminated into a global water crisis. Desalination is a potential solution to mitigate the freshwater shortage. However, the process of desalination is expensive and energy-intensive. Due to the water-energy-climate nexus, there is an urgent need to provide sustainable low-cost electrical power for desalination that has the lowest impact on climate and related ecosystem challenges. For a large-scale reverse osmosis desalination plant, we have proposed the design and analysis of a photovoltaics and battery-based stand-alone direct current power network. The design methodology focusses on appropriate sizing, optimum tilt and temperature compensation techniques based on 10 years of irradiation data for the Carlsbad Desalination Plant in California, USA. A decision-tree approach is employed for ensuring hourly load-generation balance. The power flow analysis evaluates self-sufficient generation even during cloud cover contingencies. The primary goal of the proposed system is to maximize the utilization of generated photovoltaic power and battery energy storage with minimal conversions and transmission losses. The direct current based topology includes high-voltage transmission, on-the-spot local inversion, situational awareness and cyber security features. Lastly, economic feasibility of the proposed system is carried out for a plant lifetime of 30 years. The variable effect of utility-scale battery storage costs for 16–18 h of operation is studied. Our results show that the proposed design will provide low electricity costs ranging from 3.79 to 6.43 ¢/kWh depending on the debt rate. Without employing the concept of baseload electric power, photovoltaics and battery-based direct current power networks for large-scale desalination plants can achieve tremendous energy savings and cost reduction with negligible carbon footprint, thereby providing affordable water for all.

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Asynchronous harmonic analysis based on out-of-sequence measurement for large-scale residential power network

2015 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC) Proceedings ◽

10.1109/i2mtc.2015.7151535 ◽

2015 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Youda Liu ◽

Xue Wang ◽

Yanchi Liu

Keyword(s):

Harmonic Analysis ◽

Large Scale ◽

Power Network

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Ensuring Cyber Resilience of Large-Scale Network Infrastructure Using the Ant Algorithm

Automatic Control and Computer Sciences ◽

10.3103/s0146411620080258 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 54 (8) ◽

pp. 793-802

Author(s):

E. Yu. Pavlenko ◽

K. V. Kudinov

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

Ant Algorithm ◽

Network Infrastructure ◽

Large Scale Network ◽

Scale Network

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Observer-Based Decentralized Adaptive NNs Fault-Tolerant Control of a Class of Large-Scale Uncertain Nonlinear Systems With Actuator Failures

IEEE Transactions on Systems Man and Cybernetics Systems ◽

10.1109/tsmc.2017.2744676 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 49 (3) ◽

pp. 528-542 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Yang Yang ◽

Dong Yue

Keyword(s):

Nonlinear Systems ◽

Large Scale ◽

Fault Tolerant ◽

Fault Tolerant Control ◽

Uncertain Nonlinear Systems ◽

Actuator Failures

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Single Chip Microcomputer Cluster Management

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.933.584 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 933 ◽

pp. 584-589

Author(s):

Zhi Chun Zhang ◽

Song Wei Li ◽

Wei Ren Wang ◽

Wei Zhang ◽

Li Jun Qi

Keyword(s):

Real Time ◽

Management System ◽

Large Scale ◽

Fault Tolerant ◽

Single Chip ◽

Single Chip Microcomputer ◽

Cluster Management ◽

The Real ◽

Time Performance ◽

Operational Phase

This paper presents a system in which the cluster devices are controlled by single-chip microcomputers, with emphasis on the cluster management techniques of single-chip microcomputers. Each device in a cluster is controlled by a single-chip microcomputer collecting sample data sent to and driving the device by driving data received from the same cluster management computer through COMs. The cluster management system running on the cluster management computer carries out such control as initial SCM identification, run time slice management, communication resource utilization, fault tolerance and error corrections on single-chip microcomputers. Initial SCM identification is achieved by signal responses between the single-chip microcomputers and the cluster management computer. By using the port priority and the parallelization of serial communications, the systems real-time performance is maximized. The real-time performance can be adjusted and improved by increasing or decreasing COMs and the ports linked to each COM, and the real-time performance can also be raised by configuring more cluster management computers. Fault-tolerant control occurs in the initialization phase and the operational phase. In the initialization phase, the cluster management system incorporates unidentified single-chip microcomputers into the system based on the history information recorded on external storage media. In the operational phase, if an operation error of reading and writing on a single-chip microcomputer reaches a predetermined threshold, the single-chip microcomputer is regarded as serious fault or not existing. The cluster management system maintains accuracy maintenance database on external storage medium to solve nonlinear control of specific devices and accuracy maintenance due to wear. The cluster management system uses object-oriented method to design a unified driving framework in order to enable the implementation of the cluster management system simplified, standardized and easy to transplant. The system has been applied in a large-scale simulation system of 230 single-chip microcomputers, which proves that the system is reliable, real-time and easy to maintain.

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