Analysis of Age-Related Modifications of Lower Limb Motor Control Strategies by Using a Wearable Biomechatronic System

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Macri ◽  
S. Micera ◽  
A. Vaccaro ◽  
J. Carpaneto ◽  
M.C. Carrozza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Control ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Age Related

scholarly journals Age‐related changes in oral motor‐control strategies during unpredictable load demands in humans

2020 ◽  
Vol 128 (4) ◽  
pp. 299-307
Author(s):  
Nabeel Almotairy ◽  
Abhishek Kumar ◽  
Nadia Welander ◽  
Anastasios Grigoriadis
Keyword(s):  
Motor Control ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Oral Motor ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Age Related Changes

scholarly journals The Effect of Ageing on the Standing Up Movement Analysed using the Capacity, Reserve, Movement Objectives, and Compensation (CaReMoOC) Framework

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eline van der Kruk ◽  
Anne K Silverman ◽  
Peter Reilly ◽  
Anthony M J Bull
Keyword(s):  
Motor Control ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Mobility Limitations ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Sit To Stand ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Standing Up ◽  
Movement Compensation

In healthy ageing, capacity declines in the neural, muscular, and skeletal systems, and each system decline has its effect on the execution of complex motor tasks. This decline in capacity can result in the inability to stand up (sit-to-stand, sit-to-walk), which is a key movement for independence. The mechanisms leading to mobility limitations or inabilities are complex, overlapping, and interdependent and the complementary fields of biomechanics, motor control, and physiology need to be combined to understand these mechanisms. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the current knowledge of age-related compensation in standing up and to consider the limitations of these results when analysing standing up in daily life using the Capacity, Reserve, Movement Objectives, and Compensation (CaReMoOC) framework that combines biomechanics, motor control, and physiology. A literature search was performed in the search engine Scopus, using the keywords and their synonyms: strateg*(approach, technique, way) AND, sit-to-walk OR sit-to-stand OR rise (raise, arise, stand, stand-up) AND chair (seat). Inclusion criteria were: biomechanics or motor control on sit-to-stand or sit-to-walk in healthy and/or frail adults (<60y) and elderly (>60y), and/or osteoarthritis patients as a specific case of ageing related decline. The review shows that movement compensations in standing up manifest as changes in planned trajectory (Compensation by Selection) and in muscle recruitment (Compensation by Reorganisation). However, as most studies in the literature typically use standardized experimental protocols where movement compensation is restricted, these studies cannot be directly translated to functional tasks, such as the mobility of the elderly in their homes, communities, and clinic. Compensation must be included in future studies in order to facilitate clinical translation. Specifically, future studies in the standing up task should 1) determine the effect of varying arm use strategies (e.g., armrests, knees, chair, cane) on trunk and both lower limb and upper limb joint loading, 2) analyse control strategies in elderly people, 3) determine the biomechanical implications of asymmetry, and 4) incorporate assessments of age-related physical and neural decline as well as changes in psychological priorities.

scholarly journals Changes in Muscle Strategies During Landing Task in Subjects With and Without Knee Genu Varum

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahboobeh Azizi ◽  
Khosrow Khademi ◽  
Mehri Ghasemi ◽  
Alireza Akbarzadegan
Keyword(s):  
Motor Control ◽  
Knee Joint ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Trunk Muscles ◽  
Genu Varum ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Offset Time

Introduction: Onset and offset activation of lower limb and trunk muscles may change the knee with genu varum during landing. These motor control strategies can be different from those in healthy subjects and contribute to more injuries in lower extremities. This study aimed to compare the delay time of the onset activity of the abdominal and lower limb muscles in the specific landing task. Materials and Methods: Ten females with genu varum deformity and ten females with normal knee participated in this case-control study. Genu varum deformity was measured by a camera capturing goniometer. The subjects were informed to land by preferred lower limb from a table (30 cm high) on a force plate. Vertical Ground Reaction Force (VGRF) was measured to clarify the onset of the landing task. Surface Electromyography (sEMG) of transverse abdominal/int. oblique (TA/IO), Vastus Medialis (VM), Vastus Lateralis (VL), Lateral Gastrocnemius (LG), and medial gastrocnemius (MG) muscles were recorded during landing. The difference between the onset activity of the above muscles and onset of VGRF was calculated as delay times and compared between muscles and between two groups. Also, the offset of activities and the intensity of muscle activation (normalized RMS) were compared between the two groups. Results: Lower limb and trunk muscles showed significantly different onset of activities in the genu varum group (P<0.05), whereas there was no significant difference in the onset of muscle activities in the healthy group. Results indicated significant differences between two groups in TA/IO, LG, and MG muscles and the genu varum group had longer delay time for motor control strategy (especially ankle strategy) in the landing task. Offset time of all muscles in the genu varum and healthy subjects had a significant difference between muscles, especially in gastrocnemius muscles (P<0.05). Also, there were significant changes between the two groups in LG and MG muscles (P<0.05). Normalized muscle activities (nRMS) generally indicated an increase in muscle activation of genu varum subjects (TA/IO, LG, MG) compared with the normal subjects (P<0.05). Conclusion: Motor control strategies in landing task is different in the genu varum group due to changes in biomechanics and properties of the knee joint. This variation may be due to changes in proprioception afferent pathways around the knee joint. An increase in muscle activation, delay, and offset time of muscle activities in these subjects, indicated that an increase in the degree of freedom may change motor control strategies. Internal anticipation and postural adjustment of the landing task in these subjects need more motor unit recruitment (an increase in nRMS). This deformity in the knee joint might affect some activities and possibly cause knee changes such as osteoarthritis.

scholarly journals Characterization of age-related modifications of upper limb motor control strategies in a new dynamic environment

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benedetta Cesqui ◽  
Giovanna Macri ◽  
Paolo Dario ◽  
Silvestro Micera
Keyword(s):  
Motor Control ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Dynamic Environment ◽  
Age Related

Characterization of age-related modifications of motor control strategies during reaching movements

2006 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. S36-S37
Author(s):  
G. Macrì ◽  
S. Micera ◽  
V. Monaco ◽  
J. Carpaneto ◽  
P. Dario
Keyword(s):  
Motor Control ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Reaching Movements ◽  
Age Related

scholarly journals The development and validation of an age-structured model for the evaluation of disease control strategies for intestinal helminths

Parasitology ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 109 (3) ◽  
pp. 389-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. S. Chan ◽  
H. L. Guyatt ◽  
D. A. P. Bundy ◽  
G. F. Medley
Keyword(s):  
Helminth Infection ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Intestinal Helminth ◽  
Intestinal Helminths ◽  
Parasite Control ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Control Programmes ◽  
Age Structured ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
Age Structured Model

SummaryEpidemiological modelling can be a useful tool for the evaluation of parasite control strategies. An age-structured epidemiological model of intestinal helminth dynamics is developed. This model includes the explicit representation of changing worm distributions between hosts as a result of treatment, and estimates the morbidity due to heavy infections. The model is used to evaluate the effectiveness of different programmes of age-targeted community chemotherapy in reducing the amount of morbidity due to helminth infection. The magnitude of age-related heterogeneities is found to be very important in determining the results of age-targeted treatment programmes. The model was verified using field data from control programmes for Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura, and was found to provide accurate predictions of prevalence and mean intensities of infection during and following different control regimes.

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