A Cell Search Technique Based on Zadoff-Chu Sequence for UAC Systems

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Asim ◽  
Yong Soo Cho
Keyword(s):  
Search Technique ◽  
Cell Search ◽  
A Cell

Design and Implementation of Cell Search Time Synchronization in LTE System Based on FPGA

2013 ◽  
Vol 380-384 ◽  
pp. 4076-4079
Author(s):  
De Min Zhang ◽  
Xiang Zhu ◽  
Zhi Hui Qiu ◽  
Chao Bo Duan
Keyword(s):  
Time Synchronization ◽  
Search Time ◽  
Physical Layer ◽  
Timing Synchronization ◽  
Frame Synchronization ◽  
Cell Search ◽  
Symbol Timing ◽  
Symbol Timing Synchronization ◽  
A Cell

LTE is accepted worldwide as the Long Term Evolution Perspective for todays 3G and 4G networks. Cell search time synchronization is an important physical layer procedure by which a user equipment (UE) acquires synchronization with a cell and detects the physical layer cell ID of that cell. Timing synchronization is consisted of the symbol timing synchronization and frame synchronization. This paper supplies the introduction of synchronization signals, presents the detection method, and analyzes the design based on FPGA platform and finally simulated on the Modelsim 6.5 and implemented in Xilinx Virtex-6 kit.

Synchronization and Cell-Search Technique Using Preamble for OFDM Cellular Systems

2007 ◽  
Vol 56 (6) ◽  
pp. 3469-3485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kwang Soon Kim ◽  
Sung Woong Kim ◽  
Yong Soo Cho ◽  
Jae Young Ahn
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Systems ◽  
Search Technique ◽  
Cell Search

Effect of Niacin on Mitochondria of Allium Cepa Root Cells

1967 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 78-79
Author(s):  
M. Arif Hayat
Keyword(s):  
Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide ◽  
Hydrogen Transfer ◽  
Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate ◽  
Nicotinamide Adenine ◽  
Root Tips ◽  
Root Cells ◽  
Transfer Processes ◽  
Standard Procedures ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Critical Interest

Although it is recognized that niacin (pyridine-3-carboxylic acid), incorporated as the amide in nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) or in nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP), is a cofactor in hydrogen transfer in numerous enzyme reactions in all organisms studied, virtually no information is available on the effect of this vitamin on a cell at the submicroscopic level. Since mitochondria act as sites for many hydrogen transfer processes, the possible response of mitochondria to niacin treatment is, therefore, of critical interest.Onion bulbs were placed on vials filled with double distilled water in the dark at 25°C. After two days the bulbs and newly developed root system were transferred to vials containing 0.1% niacin. Root tips were collected at ¼, ½, 1, 2, 4, and 8 hr. intervals after treatment. The tissues were fixed in glutaraldehyde-OsO4 as well as in 2% KMnO4 according to standard procedures. In both cases, the tissues were dehydrated in an acetone series and embedded in Reynolds' lead citrate for 3-10 minutes.

Ultrastructure of melanocyte-keratinocyte interactions and pigment transfer in vitro

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 650-651
Author(s):  
Raul I. Garcia ◽  
Evelyn A. Flynn ◽  
George Szabo
Keyword(s):  
Direct Injection ◽  
Skin Pigmentation ◽  
Freeze Fracture ◽  
Pigment Granule ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Ultrastructural Level ◽  
Lanthanum Tracer ◽  
A Cell

Skin pigmentation in mammals involves the interaction of epidermal melanocytes and keratinocytes in the structural and functional unit known as the Epidermal Melanin Unit. Melanocytes(M) synthesize melanin within specialized membrane-bound organelles, the melanosome or pigment granule. These are subsequently transferred by way of M dendrites to keratinocytes(K) by a mechanism still to be clearly defined. Three different, though not necessarily mutually exclusive, mechanisms of melanosome transfer have been proposed: cytophagocytosis by K of M dendrite tips containing melanosomes, direct injection of melanosomes into the K cytoplasm through a cell-to-cell pore or communicating channel formed by localized fusion of M and K cell membranes, release of melanosomes into the extracellular space(ECS) by exocytosis followed by K uptake using conventional phagocytosis. Variability in methods of transfer has been noted both in vivo and in vitro and there is evidence in support of each transfer mechanism. We Have previously studied M-K interactions in vitro using time-lapse cinemicrography and in vivo at the ultrastructural level using lanthanum tracer and freeze-fracture.

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