scholarly journals A Case Study in Low-Complexity ECG Signal Encoding: How Compressing is Compressed Sensing?

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 1743-1747 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerio Cambareri ◽  
Mauro Mangia ◽  
Fabio Pareschi ◽  
Riccardo Rovatti ◽  
Gianluca Setti
2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atif Raza Jafri ◽  
Javaria Majid ◽  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Muhammad Ali Imran ◽  
M. Najam-ul-Islam

Universal filtered multicarrier (UFMC) is a low complexity promising waveform that provides quasi-orthogonal property among subcarriers. In addition, it can achieve much better out-of-band emission performance than orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system. Authors have proposed a hardware platform to implement a UFMC transmitter in this paper. Highly reduced complexity schemes for IFFT, filtering, and spectrum shifting are realized on actual hardware. This helps to achieve overall architecture of the transmitter at the cost of minimal FPGA resource usage. Hence, the overall design uses only 1038 slice registers, 1154 slice LUTs, and 64 multipliers of Xilinx Virtex-7 XC7VX330t device. A throughput of 773.5 Msamples/sec at an operational frequency of 364 MHz is achieved. This throughput is adequate for processing 50 Physical Resource Blocks (PRB) of LTE 10 MHz channelization in required time. The presented architecture provides a latency of only 2% of one LTE 10MHz channelization symbol due to the implementation of pipelining at different levels. Although the presented hardware design in its current form meets LTE 10MHz channelization throughput requirements, further increase in throughput is possible due to the scalable nature of the architecture. To the best of our knowledge, this work is first ever FPGA solution for UFMC transmitter presented in the literature.


Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (23) ◽  
pp. 5330
Author(s):  
Xiao ◽  
Hu ◽  
Shao ◽  
Li

Biometric systems allow recognition and verification of an individual through his or her physiological or behavioral characteristics. It is a growing field of research due to the increasing demand for secure and trustworthy authentication systems. Compressed sensing is a data compression acquisition method that has been proposed in recent years. The sampling and compression of data is completed synchronously, avoiding waste of resources and meeting the requirements of small size and limited power consumption of wearable portable devices. In this work, a compression reconstruction method based on compression sensing was studied using bioelectric signals, which aimed to increase the limited resources of portable remote bioelectric signal recognition equipment. Using electrocardiograms (ECGs) and photoplethysmograms (PPGs) of heart signals as research data, an improved segmented weak orthogonal matching pursuit (OMP) algorithm was developed to compress and reconstruct the signals. Finally, feature values were extracted from the reconstructed signals for identification and analysis. The accuracy of the proposed method and the practicability of compression sensing in cardiac signal identification were verified. Experiments showed that the reconstructed ECG and PPG signal recognition rates were 95.65% and 91.31%, respectively, and that the residual value was less than 0.05 mV, which indicates that the proposed method can be effectively used for two bioelectric signal compression reconstructions.


2013 ◽  
Vol 284-287 ◽  
pp. 1627-1632
Author(s):  
Hsieh Chang Huang ◽  
Ching Tang Hsieh ◽  
Guang Lin Hsieh

An ultra-low power, portable, and easily implemented Holter recorder is necessary for patients or researchers of electrocardiogram (ECG). Such a Holter recorder with off-the-shelf components is realized with mixed signal processor (MSP) in this paper. To decrease the complexity of analog circuits and the interference of 60 Hz noise from power line, we use the MSP to implement a finite impulse response (FIR) filter which is equiripple design. We also integrate the ring buffer for the input samples and the symmetrical characteristic of the FIR filter for efficiently computing convolution. The experimental results show that the ECG output signal with the PQRST feature is easy to be distinguished. This ECG signal is recorded for 24 hours using a SD card. Furthermore, the ECG signal is transmitted with a smartphone via Bluetooth to decrease the burden of the Holter recorder. As a result, this paper uses the Lomb method for the spectral analysis of Heart Rate Variability (HRV) better than Fast Fourier Transform (FFT).


2015 ◽  
Vol 282 (1809) ◽  
pp. 20142630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordan G. Okie ◽  
David J. Van Horn ◽  
David Storch ◽  
John E. Barrett ◽  
Michael N. Gooseff ◽  
...  

The causes of biodiversity patterns are controversial and elusive due to complex environmental variation, covarying changes in communities, and lack of baseline and null theories to differentiate straightforward causes from more complex mechanisms. To address these limitations, we developed general diversity theory integrating metabolic principles with niche-based community assembly. We evaluated this theory by investigating patterns in the diversity and distribution of soil bacteria taxa across four orders of magnitude variation in spatial scale on an Antarctic mountainside in low complexity, highly oligotrophic soils. Our theory predicts that lower temperatures should reduce taxon niche widths along environmental gradients due to decreasing growth rates, and the changing niche widths should lead to contrasting α- and β-diversity patterns. In accord with the predictions, α-diversity, niche widths and occupancies decreased while β-diversity increased with increasing elevation and decreasing temperature. The theory also successfully predicts a hump-shaped relationship between α-diversity and pH and a negative relationship between α-diversity and salinity. Thus, a few simple principles explained systematic microbial diversity variation along multiple gradients. Such general theory can be used to disentangle baseline effects from more complex effects of temperature and other variables on biodiversity patterns in a variety of ecosystems and organisms.


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