3-D Visualization System of the Cranium Based on X-ray Images

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun-Jun Pan ◽  
Yan-ning Zhang ◽  
Hong Zhou ◽  
David Dagan Feng
Keyword(s):  
Visualization System ◽  
X Ray

A Visualization System of Microfocus X-ray Images with Automatic Adjustment of Zoom and Focus

2018 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 268-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Yu. Grachev ◽  
A. E. Serebryakov ◽  
A. A. Trubitsyn ◽  
A. A. Goltsev ◽  
M. A. Papenkov
Keyword(s):  
Visualization System ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Automatic Adjustment

scholarly journals Efficacy of Combined Endoscopic Lithotomy and Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy, and Additional Electrohydraulic Lithotripsy Using the SpyGlass Direct Visualization System or X-Ray Guided EHL as Needed, for Pancreatic Lithiasis

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ken Ito ◽  
Yoshinori Igarashi ◽  
Naoki Okano ◽  
Takahiko Mimura ◽  
Yui Kishimoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shock Wave ◽  
Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy ◽  
Shock Wave Lithotripsy ◽  
Direct Visualization ◽  
Visualization System ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Electrohydraulic Lithotripsy ◽  
Extracorporeal Shock Wave ◽  
Pancreatic Lithiasis ◽  
Spyglass Direct Visualization System

Introduction. To evaluate the efficacy of combined endoscopic lithotomy and extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL), and additional electrohydraulic lithotripsy (EHL) as needed, for the treatment of pancreatic duct stones, we retrospectively evaluated 98 patients with chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic lithiasis.Methods. For the management of main pancreatic duct (MPD) stones in 98 patients, we performed combined endoscopic treatment (ET)/ESWL therapy as the first treatment option. When combined ET/ESWL was unsuccessful, EHL with the SpyGlass Direct Visualization system or X-ray guided EHL was performed. Outpatient ESWL was reserved as one of the final treatment options.Results. Fragmentation was successful in 80 (81.6%) patients as follows: combined ET/ESWL: 67 cases; SpyGlass EHL: 4 cases; X-ray guided EHL: 3 cases; and outpatient ESWL: 6 cases. Successful outcome was obtained by combined ET/ESWL in 67 of the 98 patients (74.5%), by EHL in 7 of 14 patients (7.1%), and by outpatient ESWL in 6 of 6 patients (6.1%). Negotiating the guidewire through a severe MPD stricture was significantly associated with a higher rate of stone fragmentation (P=0.0003).Conclusions. In cases where combined ET/ESWL was not successful for stone clearance, EHL using the SpyGlass system or X-ray guided EHL was effective in cases where the guidewire could be negotiated through the MPD stricture and it increased the fragmentation rate.

A radioscopic technique to study convective fluid dynamics in opaque liquid metals

1997 ◽  
Vol 343 ◽  
pp. 29-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. N. KOSTER ◽  
T. SEIDEL ◽  
R. DEREBAIL
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Metals ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Analytical Models ◽  
Vertical Layer ◽  
Visualization System ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Convective Flows ◽  
Theoretical Investigations ◽  
Convective Fluid ◽  
Good Agreement

Experimental verification of theoretical investigations into the behaviour of liquid metal convective flows is required to validate analytical models and numerical simulation codes. A real-time radioscopic density visualization system has been developed and is beginning to provide useful data. The X-ray facility for studying opaque low-Prandtl-number fluid flow is described. Density changes as low as 10−3 g cm−3 can be visualized by careful control of scatter radiation. The new capability is demonstrated with natural convection benchmark experiments in a narrow vertical layer of gallium melt of aspect ratio A=1.4. The density field in that cell is three-dimensional. Good agreement between calculations and experiments is obtained. Experiments with solidification are provided for further theoretical use.

scholarly journals High Brightness Beam for Microcrystallography at GM/CA@APS

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (a1) ◽  
pp. C328-C328
Author(s):  
Robert Fischetti ◽  
Shenglan Xu ◽  
Oleg Makarov ◽  
Sergey Stepanov ◽  
Craig Ogata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fold Increase ◽  
Source Size ◽  
Frame Rate ◽  
Advance Photon Source ◽  
Biological Macromolecules ◽  
High Brightness ◽  
Visualization System ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Optical Images ◽  
Magnitude Increase

GM/CA is a world leader in the development of microcrystallography capabilities for biological macromolecules. The combination of the GM/CA-developed quad-mini-beam collimator and advanced rastering and vector collect software tools have revolutionized microcrystallography. Recently, beamline 23ID-B was reconfigured by shifting the focusing optics 3.8 m downstream. This significantly increased the source demagnification and led to a 4-fold increase in the 5- and 10-micron beam intensity. Beamline 23ID-D is also being upgraded. A Pilatus3-6M with a 1.0 mm thick X-ray sensor was commissioned in January 2014 allowing shutterless data collection with high S/N. The detector specifications include 100 Hz frame rate, 10 MHz/pixel count rate, and high X-ray efficiency. The beamline optics and endstation are also being upgraded to provide a high intensity beam whose size can be variable rapidly in the range of 1 - 20 micron, a new air bearing goniometer with a sphere-of-confusion (SOC) of ~100 nm, a miniature sample XYZ stage that allows centering and scanning of a micron-sized crystal, and a new on-axis-visualization system that provides high resolution optical images of sample crystals. Plans are being developed to upgrade the Advance Photon Source storage ring with a Multi-Bend Achromat lattice. The source properties will be dramatically improved primarily by reducing the horizontal source size to be comparable to the vertical source size, resulting in a 2-3 orders of magnitude increase in source brightness. Both beamlines will be significantly improved by the source upgrade. Moreover the new microfocusing optics for 23ID-D will fully exploit the new source and could deliver a 500 nm (FWHM) beam with >2e13 photons/sec. This unprecedented flux density will provide new opportunities and challenges, and allow the study some of the most important problems in biology. Details of these developments will be presented.

Performance Evaluation of Micro-CT Scanners as Visualization Systems

2015 ◽  
Vol 1084 ◽  
pp. 694-697 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrey Batranin ◽  
Denis Ivashkov ◽  
Sergei Stuchebrov
Keyword(s):  
Material Science ◽  
Materials Characterization ◽  
Evaluation Technique ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Ct Scanner ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Visualization System ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ct Scanners ◽  
Visualization Systems

High-resolution X-ray tomography, also known as micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) or microtomography, is a versatile evaluation technique, which extends application in various fields including material science. Micro-CT is a suitable method for quantitative and dimensional materials characterization. Needless to say, the accuracy of the method and applied equipments – micro-CT scanners – should be assessed to obtain reliable, solid results. In this paper, the performance of a micro-CT scanner as a visualization system is discussed. Quantitative parameters of image quality and visualization systems as well as methods to obtain their numerical values are briefly described. The results of experiments carried out on in-house made micro-CT scanner TOLMI-150-10 developed in Tomsk Polytechnic University are presented.

Three-Dimensional Visualization in Powder Diffraction

2007 ◽  
Vol 130 ◽  
pp. 15-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fujio Izumi ◽  
Koichi Momma
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Entropy Method ◽  
Crystal Structure Data ◽  
Structure Refinement ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Entropy Method ◽  
Application Framework ◽  
Visualization System ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Orientation Function ◽  
Structure Calculations

A multi-purpose pattern-fitting system, RIETAN-2000, has been extensively utilized to contribute to many structural studies. It offers a sophisticated structure-refinement technique of whole-pattern fitting based on the maximum-entropy method (MEM) in combination with a MEM analysis program PRIMA. We have recently completed a successor system, RIETAN-FP, to RIETAN-2000, adding new features such as standardization of crystal-structure data, an extended March-Dollase preferred-orientation function, and automation of imposing restraints on bond lengths and angles. Further, we have been developing a new three-dimensional visualization system, VESTA, using wxWidgets as a C++ application framework. VESTA excels in visualization, rendering, and manipulation of crystal structures and electron/nuclear densities determined by X-ray/ neutron diffraction and electronic-structure calculations. VESTA also enables us to display wave functions and electrostatic potentials calculated with part of these programs.

Beamline 08ID-1, the prime beamline of the Canadian Macromolecular Crystallography Facility

2011 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 681-684 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pawel Grochulski ◽  
Michel N. Fodje ◽  
James Gorin ◽  
Shaunivan L. Labiuk ◽  
Russ Berg
Keyword(s):  
Large Cell ◽  
Remote Access ◽  
Macromolecular Crystallography ◽  
User Program ◽  
Visualization System ◽  
X Ray ◽  
System A ◽  
Small Crystals ◽  
Cell Dimensions ◽  
General User

Beamline 08ID-1 is the prime macromolecular crystallography beamline at the Canadian Light Source. Based on a small-gap in-vacuum undulator, it is designed for challenging projects like small crystals and crystals with large cell dimensions. Beamline 08ID-1, together with a second bending-magnet beamline, constitute the Canadian Macromolecular Crystallography Facility (CMCF). This paper presents an overall description of the 08ID-1 beamline, including its specifications, beamline software and recent scientific highlights. The end-station of the beamline is equipped with a CCD X-ray detector, on-axis crystal visualization system, a single-axis goniometer and a sample automounter allowing remote access to the beamline. The general user program is guaranteed up to 55% of the useful beam time and is run under a peer-review proposal system. The CMCF staff provide `Mail-in' crystallography service to the users with the highest-scored proposals.

Space and Time Distribution of Hard X-Ray Emission in a Loop at the Beginning of a Flare

1994 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
pp. 275-277
Author(s):  
M. Karlický ◽  
J. C. Hénoux
Keyword(s):  
Time Distribution ◽  
Electron Bombardment ◽  
Spatial Evolution ◽  
Superthermal Electrons ◽  
Flare Loop ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Superthermal Electron ◽  
Flare Loops ◽  
Chromospheric Evaporation ◽  
Temporal And Spatial

AbstractUsing a new ID hybrid model of the electron bombardment in flare loops, we study not only the evolution of densities, plasma velocities and temperatures in the loop, but also the temporal and spatial evolution of hard X-ray emission. In the present paper a continuous bombardment by electrons isotropically accelerated at the top of flare loop with a power-law injection distribution function is considered. The computations include the effects of the return-current that reduces significantly the depth of the chromospheric layer which is evaporated. The present modelling is made with superthermal electron parameters corresponding to the classical resistivity regime for an input energy flux of superthermal electrons of 109erg cm−2s−1. It was found that due to the electron bombardment the two chromospheric evaporation waves are generated at both feet of the loop and they propagate up to the top, where they collide and cause temporary density and hard X-ray enhancements.

Some Problems in Understanding the Solar Corona

1994 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
A. H. Gabriel
Keyword(s):  
Solar Corona ◽  
Solar Atmosphere ◽  
Theoretical Modelling ◽  
Total System ◽  
Major Advance ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Proper Perspective ◽  
Space Observations

The development of the physics of the solar atmosphere during the last 50 years has been greatly influenced by the increasing capability of observations made from space. Access to images and spectra of the hotter plasma in the UV, XUV and X-ray regions provided a major advance over the few coronal forbidden lines seen in the visible and enabled the cooler chromospheric and photospheric plasma to be seen in its proper perspective, as part of a total system. In this way space observations have stimulated new and important advances, not only in space but also in ground-based observations and theoretical modelling, so that today we find a well-balanced harmony between the three techniques.

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