The improvement of signal-to-noise ratio by solid-state nanopores using a salt gradient

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongjiao Shi ◽  
Jingjie Sha ◽  
Yunfei Chen
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Salt Gradient ◽  
Noise Ratio

Salt Gradient Improving Signal-to-Noise Ratio in Solid-State Nanopore

ACS Sensors ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 506-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingjie Sha ◽  
Hongjiao Shi ◽  
Yin Zhang ◽  
Chen Chen ◽  
Lei Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Salt Gradient ◽  
Noise Ratio

The Noise Analysis of Fluid Systemsin Solid-State Nanopore Sensors

2013 ◽  
Vol 419 ◽  
pp. 517-520 ◽  
Author(s):  
Song Ying ◽  
Lei Wang ◽  
Wen Yuan Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Noise Analysis ◽  
Power Spectra ◽  
Noise Power ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Fluid Systems ◽  
Noise Ratio ◽  
Nanopore Sensors

The solid-state nanopore sensor offers a versatile platform for the rapid, label-free electrical detection and analysis of single molecules, especially on DNA sequencing. However, the overall signal-to-noise ratio (SNA) is a major challenge in sequencing applications. In our work, two different fluid systems made by metal and plexiglass have been designed to improve the signal to noise ratio of the solid-state nanopore sensor. From the measurements on the noise power spectra with a variety of conditions, it is found that plexiglass fluid system coupled with shielding box produces a good quality of electric signals on nanopore sensors.

scholarly journals Comparing current noise in biological and solid-state nanopores

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Fragasso ◽  
S. Schmid ◽  
C. Dekker
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Single Molecule ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Ionic Current ◽  
Low Noise ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
High Frequencies ◽  
Noise Ratio

AbstractNanopores bear great potential as single-molecule tools for bioanalytical sensing and sequencing, due to their exceptional sensing capabilities, high-throughput, and low cost. The detection principle relies on detecting small differences in the ionic current as biomolecules traverse the nanopore. A major bottleneck for the further progress of this technology is the noise that is present in the ionic current recordings, because it limits the signal-to-noise ratio and thereby the effective time resolution of the experiment. Here, we review the main types of noise at low and high frequencies and discuss the underlying physics. Moreover, we compare biological and solid-state nanopores in terms of the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), the important figure of merit, by measuring free translocations of a short ssDNA through a selected set of nanopores under typical experimental conditions. We find that SiNx solid-state nanopores provide the highest SNR, due to the large currents at which they can be operated and the relatively low noise at high frequencies. However, the real game-changer for many applications is a controlled slowdown of the translocation speed, which for MspA was shown to increase the SNR >160-fold. Finally, we discuss practical approaches for lowering the noise for optimal experimental performance and further development of the nanopore technology.

scholarly journals A mobile seismograph array

1966 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 889-897 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis E. Lehner ◽  
Frank Press
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Frequency Band ◽  
Magnetic Tape ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Tape Recording ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Internal Calibration ◽  
Noise Ratio ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Installation Time

abstract A movable array composed of Ranger type seismometers, 60-day film recorders and 7-day magnetic tape recorders housed in compact trailers, has been developed. The array is useful for research requiring frequent instrument relocation such as P-delay, micro-seismicity, aftershock and signal-to-noise ratio studies. The array unit combines the functions found in conventional fixed stations with a high degree of mobility. Conveniences such as solid state amplifiers, radio and clock circuitry, internal calibration, and minimum installation time are special features. With the battery supply provided, a one week period of unattended film and tape recording is possible. With commercial power, the instruments can operate unattended for up to sixty days. Useful magnification up to several million is available, depending on the frequency band selected.

A dynamic ionosonde design using pulse coding

1991 ◽  
Vol 69 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 1184-1189 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Gao ◽  
J. W. MacDougall
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Data Storage ◽  
Peak Power ◽  
Pulse Compression ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Solid State Electronics ◽  
Barker Code ◽  
Noise Ratio

A research ionosonde with capabilities for measuring drifts by the spaced-antenna method was designed and a limited prototype tested. Using a PC for much of the control and data storage functions and a small quantity of external electronics will make the instrument small and inexpensive. In particular, pulse compression techniques using a 13 bit Barker code gives an improvement in signal-to-noise ratio of about 11 dB. This allows the use of a transmitter with peak power less than a kilowatt, which is compatible with solid-state electronics.

Analysis of signal to noise ratio of photoconductive layered solid-state imaging device

1995 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Matsunaga ◽  
F. Hatori ◽  
H. Tango ◽  
O. Yoshida
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Imaging Device ◽  
Layered Solid ◽  
Noise Ratio

scholarly journals YZ Cas ± 0.5%

1983 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
pp. 108-113
Author(s):  
Claud H. Lacy
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Radial Velocities ◽  
Eclipsing Binaries ◽  
Emission Lines ◽  
Array Detector ◽  
High Dispersion ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Noise Ratio ◽  
M Dwarf

I will discuss one of the results of a continuing program to determine accurate masses and radii of stars in eclipsing binaries. This program actually began in 1976 with my work on the faint M-dwarf system CM Dra (Lacy 1977). By faint I mean . I needed high-dispersion spectra to get radial velocities, and an intensified solid state array detector called the Digicon, which had recently been installed on the coude spectrometer of the 2.7m reflector at McDonald Observatory, turned out to be the answer. 30 minute integrations were sufficient to get accurate radial velocities from the Hγ emission lines. The Digicon is very good at getting crumby spectra of faint objects fast. By crumby, I mean signal-to-noise ratio of less than 100.

Determination of the Best Emulsion for the Microscopy of Crystals

1981 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 32-33
Author(s):  
David A. Grano ◽  
Kenneth H. Downing
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Frequency ◽  
Information Transfer ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Experimental Situation ◽  
Photographic Emulsion ◽  
Modulation Transfer ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Frequency Space ◽  
Noise Ratio

The retrieval of high-resolution information from images of biological crystals depends, in part, on the use of the correct photographic emulsion. We have been investigating the information transfer properties of twelve emulsions with a view toward 1) characterizing the emulsions by a few, measurable quantities, and 2) identifying the “best” emulsion of those we have studied for use in any given experimental situation. Because our interests lie in the examination of crystalline specimens, we've chosen to evaluate an emulsion's signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) as a function of spatial frequency and use this as our critereon for determining the best emulsion.The signal-to-noise ratio in frequency space depends on several factors. First, the signal depends on the speed of the emulsion and its modulation transfer function (MTF). By procedures outlined in, MTF's have been found for all the emulsions tested and can be fit by an analytic expression 1/(1+(S/S0)2). Figure 1 shows the experimental data and fitted curve for an emulsion with a better than average MTF. A single parameter, the spatial frequency at which the transfer falls to 50% (S0), characterizes this curve.

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