Radial Tilt Adjustment Method with Partial Response Signal-to-Noise Ratio in High-Density Optical Recording

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Ichimura ◽  
M. Ogawa ◽  
T. Iwanaga
Keyword(s):  
Partial Response ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Optical Recording ◽  
High Density ◽  
Response Signal ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Adjustment Method ◽  
Noise Ratio

Fast Timing Acquisition for Low Signal-to-Noise Ratio High Density Optical Recording

2002 ◽  
Vol 41 (Part 1, No. 3B) ◽  
pp. 1772-1776 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingfeng Liu ◽  
Hongwei Song ◽  
B. V. K. Vijaya Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Optical Recording ◽  
High Density ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Timing Acquisition ◽  
Fast Timing ◽  
Noise Ratio

A Comparison of 25 Gbps NRZ & PAM-4 Modulation Used in Reference, Legacy, & Premium Backplane Channels

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 (1) ◽  
pp. 000283-000294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chad Morgan ◽  
Adam Healey
Keyword(s):  
Insertion Loss ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
High Density ◽  
Advanced Materials ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Baud Rate ◽  
Noise Ratio ◽  
Better Than

Standards bodies are now examining how to increase the throughput of high-density backplane links to 25 Gbps. One method for achieving this is to construct premium backplane links utilizing advanced materials and connectors. Another approach is to re-use legacy backplanes by employing PAM-4 signaling at half of the baud rate. For PAM-4 to offer an advantage over NRZ, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) at the slicer input, i.e. after equalization, must be ∼9.5 dB better than NRZ to overcome loss of separation between signal levels. This paper will examine 25 Gbaud NRZ and 12.5 Gbaud PAM-4 signaling across varying levels of channel insertion loss and crosstalk. The paper provides a reliable reference for engineers to use when considering when it is appropriate to use NRZ signaling at 25 Gbaud and when it is appropriate to use PAM-4 signaling at 12.5 Gbaud for successful high-density backplane operation.

Signal-to-Noise Ratio in a Partial-Response Maximum-Likelihood Detection

2004 ◽  
Vol 43 (7B) ◽  
pp. 4859-4862 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuichi Ohkubo ◽  
Masatsugu Ogawa ◽  
Masaki Nakano ◽  
Hiromi Honma ◽  
Toshiaki Iwanaga
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Likelihood ◽  
Partial Response ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Maximum Likelihood Detection ◽  
Noise Ratio ◽  
Partial Response Maximum Likelihood
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