scholarly journals Engineering functional requirements of reactive systems using synchronous languages

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erwan Jahier ◽  
Nicolas Halbwachs ◽  
Pascal Raymond
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Systems ◽  
Functional Requirements ◽  
Synchronous Languages

FORMAL MODELS IN INDUSTRY STANDARD TOOLS: AN ARGOS BLOCK WITHIN SIMULINK

2005 ◽  
Vol 15 (02) ◽  
pp. 389-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. BOURKE ◽  
A. SOWMYA
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Systems ◽  
Formal Models ◽  
Synchronous Languages ◽  
Model Driven Development ◽  
Graphical Notation ◽  
Model Driven ◽  
Industry Standard

Simulink is widely used within the industry for simulation and model-driven development, and reactive behaviors are often modeled using an add-on called Stateflow. Argos is one of the synchronous languages that have been proposed for the specification, validation and implementation of reactive systems. It is a rigorously defined graphical notation which, though not as powerful as Stateflow, is much less complicated. This paper describes the implementation of an Argos block for Simulink.

scholarly journals Design and Verification of Multi-Agent Systems with the Use of Bigraphs

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (18) ◽  
pp. 8291
Author(s):  
Piotr Cybulski ◽  
Zbigniew Zieliński
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Reactive Systems ◽  
Functional Requirements ◽  
Multi Agent Systems ◽  
Agent Systems ◽  
Multi Agent ◽  
Widespread Access ◽  
High Performance Computers ◽  
Memory Complexity

Widespread access to low-cost, high computing power allows for increased computerization of everyday life. However, high-performance computers alone cannot meet the demands of systems such as the Internet of Things or multi-agent robotic systems. For this reason, modern design methods are needed to develop new and extend existing projects. Because of high interest in this subject, many methodologies for designing the aforementioned systems have been developed. None of them, however, can be considered the default one to which others are compared to. Any useful methodology must provide some tools, versatility, and capability to verify its results. This paper presents an algorithm for verifying the correctness of multi-agent systems modeled as tracking bigraphical reactive systems and checking whether a behavior policy for the agents meets non-functional requirements. Memory complexity of methods used to construct behavior policies is also discussed, and a few ways to reduce it are proposed. Detailed examples of algorithm usage have been presented involving non-functional requirements regarding time and safety of behavior policy execution.

scholarly journals Translation from Event-B into Eiffel

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 623-636
Author(s):  
Sofia Reznikova ◽  
Victor Rivera ◽  
Joo Young Lee ◽  
Manuel Mazzara
Keyword(s):  
Programming Language ◽  
Reactive Systems ◽  
Object Oriented ◽  
Critical Systems ◽  
Functional Requirements ◽  
Modelling Language ◽  
Formal Modelling ◽  
Modelling Languages ◽  
System Properties ◽  
Open Question

Formal modelling languages play a key role in the development of software: they enable users to specify functional requirements that serve as documentation as well; they enable users to prove the correctness of system properties, especially for critical systems. However, there is still an open question on how to map formal models to a specific programming language. In order to propose a solution, this paper presents a source-to-source mapping between Event-B models, a formal modelling language for reactive systems, and Eiffel programs, an Object Oriented (O-O) programming language. The mapping not only generates an actual Eiffel code of the Event-B model, but also translates model properties as contracts. The contracts follow the Design by Contract principle and are natively supported by the programming language. The mapping is implemented in the freely available Rodin plug-in EB2Eiffel. Thus, users can develop systems (i) starting with the modelling of functional requirements (properties) in Event-B, then (ii) formally proving the correctness of such properties in Rodin and finally (iii) by using EB2Eiffel to translate the model into Eiffel. In Eiffel, users can extend/customise the implementation of the model and formally prove it against the initial model. This paper also presents different Event-B models from the literature to test EB2Eiffel and its limitations. The article is published in the authors’ wording.

LANGUAGES FOR REACTIVE SPECIFICATIONS: SYNCHRONY VS ASYNCHRONY

2000 ◽  
Vol 11 (02) ◽  
pp. 283-314
Author(s):  
R. K. SHYAMASUNDAR ◽  
S. RAMESH
Keyword(s):  
State Transition ◽  
Reactive Systems ◽  
Exception Handling ◽  
Synchronous Languages ◽  
Transition Systems ◽  
Synchronous Language ◽  
Finite State ◽  
Distinguishing Features ◽  
State Transition Systems

Asynchronous and Synchronous languages have been in use for the specification of reactive systems. One of the main distinguishing features of these two classes lies in the way nondeterminism is used for the specification of programs. From this viewpoint, we analyze CSP (a typical asynchronous language) and ESTEREL (a synchronous language). The synchronous language Esterel is based on the notions of determinism, input nondeterminacy and parallelism whereas CSP is built on the notions of nondeterminism, concurrency and distribution. The main objectives of the study are to assess: • The role of nondeterminism in the specification of the behaviour and realization of programs: A clear distinction between local and global nondeterminism enables us to distinguish between implementational nondeterminism and environmental/input nondeterminism. The results in this direction would enable one to achieve observable determinism where the implementational choices can be hidden and thus, analyze the program behaviour with reference to the real environmental nondeterminism in the specification. This leads to a proper refinement of specifications and aids in deriving distributed implementations of finite state transition systems that are not necessarily deterministic. • The implementability of asynchronous languages through synchronous languages. The implementability of asynchronous languages in synchronous languages not only provides a realistic implementation but also provides higher level abstractions (such as multi-process interactions) for reactive specifications using features such as broadcast, interrupts, exception handling mechanisms etc.

Toward Object-oriented Modeling in SCCharts

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
Alexander Schulz-Rosengarten ◽  
Steven Smyth ◽  
Michael Mendler
Keyword(s):  
Graphical Representation ◽  
Reactive Systems ◽  
Object Oriented ◽  
Object Orientation ◽  
Critical Systems ◽  
Synchronous Languages ◽  
Scheduling Policies ◽  
Object Oriented Design ◽  
Modeling Process ◽  
Safety Critical Systems

Object orientation is a powerful and widely used paradigm for abstraction and structuring in programming. Many languages are designed with this principle or support different degrees of object orientation. In synchronous languages, originally developed to design embedded reactive systems, there are only few object-oriented influences. However, especially in combination with a statechart notation, the modeling process can be improved by facilitating object orientation as we argue here. At the same time the graphical representation can be used to illustrate the object-oriented design of a system. Synchronous statechart dialects, such as the SCCharts language, provide deterministic concurrency for specifying safety-critical systems. Using SCCharts as an example, we illustrate how an object-oriented modeling approach that supports inheritance can be introduced. We further present how external, i.e., host language, objects can be included in the SCCharts language. Specifically, we discuss how the recently developed concepts of scheduling directives and scheduling policies can be used to ensure the determinism of objects while retaining encapsulation.

An Integrated Approach for a Knowledge-based Clinical Workstation: Architecture and Experience

1998 ◽  
Vol 37 (01) ◽  
pp. 16-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Ringleb ◽  
T. Steiner ◽  
P. Knaup ◽  
W. Hacke ◽  
R. Haux ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Information Systems ◽  
Patient Care ◽  
Hospital Information Systems ◽  
Medical Decision ◽  
Daily Routine ◽  
Functional Requirements ◽  
Support Functions ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Clinical Workstation

Abstract:Today, the demand for medical decision support to improve the quality of patient care and to reduce costs in health services is generally recognized. Nevertheless, decision support is not yet established in daily routine within hospital information systems which often show a heterogeneous architecture but offer possibilities of interoperability. Currently, the integration of decision support functions into clinical workstations is the most promising way. Therefore, we first discuss aspects of integrating decision support into clinical workstations including clinical needs, integration of database and knowledge base, knowledge sharing and reuse and the role of standardized terminology. In addition, we draw up functional requirements to support the physician dealing with patient care, medical research and administrative tasks. As a consequence, we propose a general architecture of an integrated knowledge-based clinical workstation. Based on an example application we discuss our experiences concerning clinical applicability and relevance. We show that, although our approach promotes the integration of decision support into hospital information systems, the success of decision support depends above all on an adequate transformation of clinical needs.

Urban Development Strategies of City Centers: The Case of Rafah City, Palestinian Territories

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 195
Author(s):  
Omar S. Asfour ◽  
Samar Abu Ghali
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Gaza Strip ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
Development Strategies ◽  
Functional Requirements ◽  
City Center ◽  
Palestinian Territories ◽  
The Gaza Strip ◽  
The City ◽  
Commercial Center

City centers worldwide are perceived as essential parts of the city, where city memories are preserved and its identity is expressed. They are planned to satisfy the functional requirements and pleasurable qualities of the city. Under the accelerating urbanization of the modern city, several challenges face these centers including demographic, economic, and environmental challenges. This requires a continuous and incremental urban development process based on clear strategy and action plans. Thus, this study focuses on urban development strategies of city centers, with a focus on Rafah city located in the Gaza Strip, Palestinian Territories. The geographic location of this city near the Palestinian-Egyptian borders makes it a promising commercial city at local and regional levels. Thus, the current situation of Rafah city center has been analyzed, and several development strategies have been proposed. This has been done through a field survey based on observation and a questionnaire directed to city center users. It has been found that there is a great potential of Rafah city center to be developed as a commercial center. In this regard, several strategies and required actions have been proposed in the fields of transportation, environmental quality, shopping activities, investment opportunities, and visual perception.

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